Show notes
SHOW NOTES: Note: We've rearranged episodes a bit here to better coordinate with guest schedules, so the names mentioned as next episodes in our last podcast and in this one are incorrect. Instead of Esther Zimmerman this week we have Lara Joseph -- we'll be back next week with Esther and the following week with Debbie Torraca. Summary: Lara Joseph owns and operates The Animal Behavior Center in Sylvania, Ohio, which focuses on teaching people how to train using force-free techniques and by empowering the animal and creating strong, reliable, trust-building relationships through positive reinforcement and applications in behavior analysis. Lara is a professional member of the Animal Behavior Management Alliance and the International Association of Avian Trainers and Educators, and has been published in numerous industry publications. She travels, lectures, consults, and presents workshops nationally and internationally on behavior, behavior change, positive reinforcement training, and enrichment. She enjoys working with companion-animal lovers, exotics, and zoos, and has worked with an array of animal organizations across the world via her live-stream training services. Lara also holds many fundraisers, including conservation fundraisers for organizations like Deaf Dogs Rock and the Indonesian Parrot Project, where she also sits on the advisory board. Links www.theanimalbehaviorcenter.com Animal Behavior Center Facebook Page, where you can watch Coffee with the Critters every Sunday at 9:00am EST. Next Episode: To be released 3/9/2018, featuring Esther Zimmerman, to talk competitive obedience and dog sports in general. TRANSCRIPTION: Melissa Breau: This is Melissa Breau and you're listening to the Fenzi Dog Sports Podcast brought to you by the Fenzi Dog Sports Academy, an online school dedicated to providing high-quality instruction for competitive dog sports using only the most current and progressive training methods. Today we'll be talking to Lara Joseph. Lara Joseph owns and operates The Animal Behavior Center in Sylvania, Ohio, which focuses on teaching people how to train using force-free techniques and by empowering the animal and creating strong, reliable, trust-building relationships through positive reinforcement and applications in behavior analysis. Lara is a professional member of the Animal Behavior Management Alliance and the International Association of Avian Trainers and Educators, and has been published in numerous industry publications. She travels, lectures, consults, and presents workshops nationally and internationally on behavior, behavior change, positive reinforcement training, and enrichment. She enjoys working with companion-animal lovers, exotics, and zoos, and has worked with an array of animal organizations across the world via her live-stream training services. Lara also holds many fundraisers, including conservation fundraisers for organizations like Deaf Dogs Rock and the Indonesian Parrot Project, where she also sits on the advisory board. And I'm very excited to have her here with us today. Hi Lara, welcome to the podcast! Lara Joseph: Hi Melissa. Thanks so much for having me. I'm excited. Melissa Breau: I'm excited too. To start us out, do you mind sharing a little bit about what an average day looks like for you, what kind of animals you're working with, and maybe a little bit on what you're doing with them? Lara Joseph: Sure, sure. What an average day looks like for me. There isn't one. There's nothing here that's average. We have a wide variety of animals here at the Center that are permanent residents, and we take in different animals from different organizations. They're usually either zoos, shelters, or wildlife rehabilitation centers, so we have — it's across the board, the animals that can come in here. I have several friends that are great dog trainers, and so I try to focus a lot of my work on how the science of behavior works across the board. We do have a lot of birds — birds are the apple of my eye — but definitely not limited to. We have six parrots, we have a deaf and blind Border Collie, a deaf dog — a Rottweiler, a pig, a vulture to represent the wildlife rehabilitation ambassadors, a pigeon to represent the work of B.F. Skinner, we just had a porcupine — an African crested porcupine — in here, we had recently also a ring-tailed lemur, a Eurasian eagle owl, and several crows, and I'm probably … oh, ostriches, it's just whatever, and I just like to show people. What we do here, Melissa, as your listeners probably know, we're always training. If that animal can see, hear, smell us, a lot of the work I do here is shifting and moving animals safely. When animals come in for training, we usually bring them in for a small period of time. We live-stream our approaches and I show a lot of different species of animals, just showing people the first thing to look for. I just sit back and observe behavior, identify reinforcers and punishers or aversives, and then I usually start with target training, stationing. We have ten other people, volunteers here as well, so a lot of my time is spent coaching them and guiding them training the animals. My business is all via live stream, so if I see something happening where members can benefit from, boom, I go live immediately and show how we struggle and what approaches we take in training. Melissa Breau: That's really, really interesting, just like the insane variety there. Lara Joseph: It is, it is. There's usually always something running by your feet, sliding by your feet, climbing on branches overhead, or flying by you. Melissa Breau: You mentioned that going live thing, and I know that you do regular public Facebook lives on the Animal Behavior Center's Facebook page on Sunday morning. Do you want to go ahead and mention those or plug those? Lara Joseph: Sure, sure. Every Sunday morning at 9 a.m. Eastern, I go live for an hour. It's called "Coffee with the Critters," on the Animal Behavior Center's Facebook page. I started that in March, that will be three years ago. It's a weekly episode. I never miss one, because if I do, I start getting e-mails and messages of people wanting to know if they've missed it. But, Melissa, it's so important. I make the use of applied behavior analysis, its application, very easy to understand in everyday terms. We have a large following and it's very engaging. People ask me questions, and as they ask me questions, I just stand up and turn around and start training one of the animals where I can best give a demonstration of how this is used. Melissa Breau: That's awesome. I will make sure I include a link, for all those people listening, to the Facebook page in the show notes, so that if anybody wants to click through, they can go there and they can like the page so that they can catch the next one. So a little bit more about your background. You started out in film, right? Lara Joseph: I did. I've always been interested in animals, in a wide variety of animals. My degree, a bachelor's in documentary filmmaking, the intention was to make wildlife documentaries. I was never going to be home, I was going to be out gallivanting somewhere, filming something. So my history of my work, I've always been interested in communications. It is kind of funny how all of this has come together, because I have an interest in behavior science, I always have, communication through film, public speaking, and how it all came together is — this was several years ago — I was interacting with an animal that I had no idea … I had no former experience with. It could be dangerous when I started interacting with this animal, so that's when I went in search of — again, very intrigued with this species of animal — and I went in search of more information on this species, and it seemed most everything I found was not science-based. It was a lot of assumptions. I was like, "There's got to be something out there that can give me factual scientific research information," and it was hard to find. So that's when I stumbled on applied behavior analysis and was fascinated, jumped in with two feet, went back to school, and started taking master's classes in it. Melissa Breau: That's awesome. And now that's what you do day in, day out. Lara Joseph: Fourteen hours a day, pretty much. But I love it. I never stop working because I love what I do. Melissa Breau: I certainly understand that perspective. Lara Joseph: Yeah, I'm sure you do. Melissa Breau: With that background, starting from the science of it, does that mean you've always been an advocate for positive reinforcement, or how did you get there from the science? Lara Joseph: I've not always been an advocate because I didn't know about it. I wish I would have. Like most of us, I heard about it, I didn't know what it meant. I remember walking my Dalmation several years ago, thinking, you know, he kept pulling on the leash. I used to grab a tree branch every time I took him for a walk, and I would just lightly tap him on the butt to get him to stop pulling on the leash, but I noticed that I kept having to do it over and over. I remember thinking, walking down the street one day, I wonder what this positive reinforcement stuff is all about. So I tried a little bit of it, from the little education I had on it, and it worked. That was when I first heard about it. When I first started implementing it was with that species of animal that I was talking about, which happened to be a parrot, because they can bite very hard. And that's how I got started in it. Melissa Breau: I want to stop for a second here. You mentioned applied behavior analysis, and I think it's one of those terms where I'm pretty sure I know what it means, but without looking it up I definitely couldn't give someone a definition. Would you mind explaining what it is and sharing what that looks like? Lara Joseph: I used to hesitate in saying "applied behavior analysis," because you'd get that glazed look in people's eyes: "Oh, this is going to be too scientific. I'm not going to understand it." So I quickly followed up. It's important to say what it is, because it's so effective, but when I give a broad general explanation of what it is, it's using environmental events to control behavior. I also tell people it's also using observable and measurable behavior in data collecting, you know, is this behavior maintaining or increasing? So applied behavioral analysis, in a nutshell, is using environmental events to control behavior using observable and measurable data collecting. For example, I'm going to use the vulture we have here for training. Her name is Willie. And vultures, this is what they do. I can say she loves the sun, but what does that look like? When the sun hits her back, her wings will stretch out and she stays pretty much motionless. She'll watch what's going on around her — that's observable, measurable behavior. She is here because she has a long history of flying and attacking people, so we train her to do other behaviors instead. So here's a way of using applied behavior, observable and measurable behavior, environmental events. You know that sun, once that sun hits her back, her 5-foot wingspan is going to stretch out. If you have a concern of her flying after somebody, you know that she's up in the sun, or move her to the sun, because she's going to station when she's in the sun, move people through. That's using environmental events to control behavior. That's a very basic way, but it works. Everybody's using it anyways; they probably just don't realize to what extent they're using it. And I also call it the science of common sense. Melissa Breau: I like that. Lara Joseph: Because once you start identifying reinforcers, potential aversives in the environment, I identify the animal's positive reinforcers, and I just virtually stick all of those, everything the animal moves towards, I stick all of those in my pocket. They get the same amount of those environmental events, those reinforcers, every day anyways. I'm just going to deliver them for behaviors I want to see maintain or increase. I'm going to observe potential aversives. I will remove them from the event or from the environment. If those aversives are things the animal needs to get used to for its future, then I slowly, through shaping, pair those aversives, start pairing them with positive reinforcers, bringing them back into the environment and taking the stress out of the animal's life. Melissa Breau: In the dog world that might look as simple as something like, OK, we know that our dog's going to go crazy when somebody new comes to the door, so you give them a Kong in their crate before going to answer the door. You manage their environment a little bit. Lara Joseph: Yes. For example, I'm working with a giraffe right now. Those are huge animals that can do a lot of damage fairly quickly, especially if you're using force. This giraffe needs to have his hooves trimmed. There's a device that's commonly used to force them to stay still. If a giraffe breaks its leg, it has to be put down. Those are long legs. So what I do instead is, why don't you train the giraffe to accept a hoof trim. Come to me, come to you when called, stay still until requested to do otherwise, put your hoof up on a block, allow me to flip it over and file it. Melissa Breau: This goes really well into the next question I had, we talked a little bit via email, which is, you mentioned that one of the reasons you enjoy working with exotics is because what constitutes a positive reinforcer is often so different than for our dogs. Do you want to talk a little more about that? I know you mentioned the sun example, which is super-interesting. Lara Joseph: Especially in the world of exotics, many of your exotics are prey animals too, so what could be seen as a positive reinforcer for a dog, such as pace — how fast can you get that positive reinforcer to that dog — could be easily seen as an aversive with an exotic. For example, I will use, let's say, a parrot. The immediacy in when the positive reinforcer is delivered is very effective, but that pace in which you move to give a dog a treat, you move that fast towards a parrot, especially if it doesn't know you, and you're trying to deliver a food reinforcer, bam, it can easily result in a bite. I tell people, I really point out reinforcers — the pace at which you move, the pace at which you deliver a treat, the pace at which you walk by that food dish — could easily be a positive reinforcer or an aversive. Pay attention. Which one is it? The tone of your voice — a lot of times I will use a little higher-pitched tone of voice. A lot of the animals that I work with, rhythm can be an attraction. And paying close attention to that body language. You can either pair that as an aversive, if you don't understand that animal's body language, or it could easily, if you're able to identify calm body language and you slowly introduce rhythm. I do rhythm like clapping. I'm not going to do it here, because people will think I'm … I do a lot of tone of voice rhythm. A lot of animals respond to rhythm, such as your elephants, your parrots. Those could easily be used as reinforcers, positive reinforcers, to get the behavior you want. Melissa Breau: When you say they respond to it, what do you mean by that? Lara Joseph: They will turn their head and look at you, or in that direction, to better understand and identify what is happening in the environment, and you can easily use t…
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