Show notes
Vítor Constâncio witnessed firsthand severe recessions, inflationary bouts, and a global financial crisis, as former Vice President of the European Central Bank (ECB) (2010 to 2018) and Governor of The Bank of Portugal (1985-1986, 2000-2010). He brings this considerable experience to examine the current challenges facing central bankers at the ECB as well as the Fed.
Constâncio argues that while U.S. inflation is driven by a strong demand generated by loose fiscal policy, the primary agent of European inflation was the surge in energy prices in 2022. However, he recognizes that what began as supply-side pressure has broadened out to other sectors of the Euro area economy, so the ECB’s hiking of interest rates to 4% was necessary. Constancio expects that a mild recession in Europe will tame inflation and that substantial further rate hikes from the ECB will likely not be needed. Filmed on July 6, 2023.
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Timecodes:
(00:00) Introduction
(00:48) Euro Area Inflation Is Mostly Due To Energy Shock, Not Demand
(08:13) I Would Support A Pause In Interest Rate Hikes, Says Constancio
(10:11) Recession In Europe Is Likely For 2023
(14:35) ECB Unlikely To Cut Interest Rates During A Mild Recession
(16:20) There Pressure on The European Central Bank (ECB) To Follow The Federal Reserve?
(20:44) Exploring The Logic Of Negative Interest Rates
(25:29) Interest Rates' Impact On The Economy
(32:04) Fixed vs. Floating Mortgages
(34:48) ECB's Reaction Function During The 2008 Great Financial Crisis
(44:16) Recent Bank Failures (Silicon Valley Bank)
(49:51) Credit Suisse
(51:51) Basel III Regulation of Held-To-Matuity Accounts and Interest Rate Hedging
(54:47) Fighting Inflation In 1970s Portugal
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