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    Business

    Lenny’s Podcast: Product | Career | Growth

    Interviews with world-class product leaders and growth experts to uncover concrete, actionable, and tactical advice to help you build, launch, and grow your own product.

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    Copyright: © Lenny Rachitsky

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    Latest Episodes:
    Managing nerves, anxiety, and burnout | Jonny Miller (Nervous System Mastery) Jan 28, 2024
    Show notes

    Jonny Miller is the founder of Nervous System Mastery, a course that has helped hundreds of founders and tech leaders cultivate calm, reduce nervousness, enhance resilience, and elevate their sense of aliveness. Having personally benefited from Jonny’s teachings, I’m especially excited to have him on the show. In this episode, we discuss:

    • How shifting your focus from the mind to the body can help ease nervousness

    • The power of breath in changing states

    • The importance of “interoception”

    • Specific breathing exercises to both calm and excite your nervous system

    • The A.P.E. (awareness, posture, and emotion) framework for recognizing body signals

    • The “feather, brick, dump truck” phenomenon

    • The concept of emotional debt and how to release it

    • The competitive advantage of feeling emotions

    —

    Jonny’s five-week boot camp, Nervous System Mastery, will equip you with evidence-backed protocols to cultivate greater calm and agency over your internal state. Learn to rewire maladaptive stress responses and improve your sleep (use code LENNY for $250 discount). Apply here.

    —

    Brought to you by:

    • Teal—Your personal career growth platform

    • Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security.

    • Miro—A collaborative visual platform where your best work comes to life

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/managing-nerves-anxiety-and-burnout

    —

    Where to find Jonny Miller:

    • X: https://twitter.com/jonnym1ller

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jonnym1ller/

    • Website: https://www.jonnymiller.co/

    • Podcast: podcast.curioushumans.com

    • Email: jonny@curioushumans.com

    • Course: https://nsmastery.com/lenny

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Jonny’s background

    (07:19) The bottom-up approach to nervousness and anxiety

    (09:42) The power of breath in changing states

    (11:47) The concept of state over story

    (13:56) Personal experiences with nervousness

    (15:01) Breathing exercises to calm you down

    (20:40) The “espresso” breath exercise to give you energy

    (25:44) Interoception and the A.P.E. framework

    (34:47) The “feather, brick, dump truck” phenomenon

    (37:40) Recognizing emotional debt and avoiding burnout

    (40:47) Using somatic-oriented therapy for healing

    (45:26) Telltale signs of emotional debt

    (48:13) The competitive advantage of “feeling the feels”

    (50:20) Advice for people overwhelmed by stimuli

    (52:36) The NSDR (non-sleep deep rest) practice for emotional release

    (55:38) Daily practices for emotional well-being

    (58:23) Thoughts on meditation

    (01:01:26) The Body Keeps the Score

    (01:01:58) Contrarian corner

    (01:04:43) Lightning round

    —

    Jonny’s If [This] Then [Breathe] Recipes:

    • If [overwhelmed], then [hum]

    • If [anxious], then [breath of calm]

    • If [lethargic], then [espresso breath]

    —

    Referenced:

    • The Operating Manual for Your Nervous System: https://every.to/p/the-operating-manual-for-your-nervous-system

    • Afferent vs. Efferent Neurons: https://www.osmosis.org/answers/afferent-vs-efferent-neurons

    • Insular cortex: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insular_cortex

    • Jonny’s TED Talk, “The gifts of grief”: https://www.ted.com/talks/jonny_miller_the_gifts_of_grief/details

    • Humming (Simple Bhramari Pranayama) as a Stress Buster: A Holter-Based Study to Analyze Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Parameters During Bhramari, Physical Activity, Emotional Stress, and Sleep: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10182780/

    • 14-Minute Guided NSDR (non-sleep deep rest) practice: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjXX2c72fYY

    • Breathing Techniques to Reduce Stress and Anxiety | Dr. Andrew Huberman on the Physiological Sigh: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSZKIupBUuc

    • Interoception: the hidden sense that shapes well-being: https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/aug/15/the-hidden-sense-shaping-your-wellbeing-interoception

    • Exteroception: https://dictionary.apa.org/exteroception

    • Interoceptive Awareness and ADHD: https://chadd.org/adhd-news/adhd-news-adults/interoceptive-awareness-and-adhd/

    • Childhood Trauma Affects Stress-Related Interoceptive Accuracy: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6813623/

    • The Hour Between Dog and Wolf: How Risk Taking Transforms Us, Body and Mind: https://www.amazon.com/Hour-Between-Dog-Wolf-Transforms/dp/0143123408

    • Somatic Experiencing: https://www.somaticexperiencing.com/

    • Hakomi Institute: https://hakomiinstitute.com/

    • Decisions and Desire (about Antonio Damasio’s work): https://hbr.org/2006/01/decisions-and-desire

    • When enough is enough | Andy Johns (ex-FB, Twitter, Quora): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/when-enough-is-enough-andy-johns-ex-fb-twitter-quora/

    • What Is Yoga Nidra?: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/what-is-yoga-nidra

    • Becoming Fully Yourself, What AI Wants, Family Rituals & Rites of Passage, with Kevin Kelly: https://podcast.curioushumans.com/episodes/becoming-fully-yourself-what-ai-wants-rites-of-passage-with-kevin-kelly

    • Tim Ferriss: https://tim.blog/

    • The Power of Sensations: Intermediate’s Vipassana Body Scan: https://insighttimer.com/carola.ananda/guided-meditations/the-power-of-sensations-intermediates-vipassana-body-scan-meditation

    • Vipassana Meditation: https://www.dhamma.org/en/index

    • The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma: https://www.amazon.com/Body-Keeps-Score-Healing-Trauma/dp/0670785938

    • Waking the Tiger: Healing Trauma: https://www.amazon.com/Waking-Tiger-Healing-Peter-Levine/dp/155643233X

    • Consolations: The Solace, Nourishment and Underlying Meaning of Everyday Words: https://www.themarginalian.org/2015/04/29/david-whyte-consolations-words/

    • The 15 Commitments of Conscious Leadership: A New Paradigm for Sustainable Success: https://www.amazon.com/15-Commitments-Conscious-Leadership-Sustainable/dp/0990976904/

    • The Conscious Leadership Group: https://conscious.is/

    • Recapture the Rapture: Rethinking God, Sex, and Death in a World That’s Lost Its Mind: https://www.amazon.com/Recapture-Rapture-Rethinking-Death-World/dp/0062905465

    • Kubo and the Two Strings on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/Kubo-Two-Strings-Charlize-Theron/dp/B01K5BSWX0

    • Wolfwalkers on AppleTV+: https://tv.apple.com/us/movie/wolfwalkers/umc.cmc.amuoq00hqelfi98j0gvg641x

    • Scavengers Reign on Max: https://www.max.com/shows/scavengers-reign/50c8ce6d-088c-42d9-9147-d1b19b1289d4

    • Jerry Colonna on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jerry-colonna-reboot/

    • Ra Optics “Sunset” blue-light blockers: https://raoptics.com/collections/night-lenses

    • Nurosym vagal stimulation device: https://my.nurosym.com/vns1564/

    • Pulsetto vagal stimulation device: https://pulsetto.tech/new-year/?gc_id=20124962116&h_ad_id=686249897188&gad_source=1

    • Apollo vagus nerve stimulator: https://apolloneuro.com/products/apollo-wearable

    —

    Additional research:

    • Cellular allostatic load is linked to increased energy expenditure and accelerated biological aging: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306453023003001

    • Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00093/full

    • Relationship between interoception and emotion regulation: New evidence from mixed methods: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032718323723

    • Out-of-the-blue panic attacks aren’t without warning: body sends signals for hour before: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21783179/

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Geoffrey Moore on finding your beachhead, crossing the chasm, and dominating a market Jan 25, 2024
    Show notes

    Geoffrey Moore is an author, speaker, and advisor, widely known for his seminal book Crossing the Chasm: Marketing and Selling Disruptive Products to Mainstream Customers, which many consider the most important book ever written on go-to-market strategy. Moore’s work is focused on the market dynamics surrounding disruptive innovations, and how one overcomes the challenge of transitioning from serving early adopters to the mainstream. In this episode, we discuss:

    • What “crossing the chasm” means

    • What steps to take before you try crossing the chasm

    • The importance of winning a marquee customer

    • The role of executive sponsors in the sales process

    • The differences between visionaries and pragmatists, and how to build for each

    • Geoffrey’s four go-to-market playbooks based on stage: Early Market, Bowling Alley, Tornado, and Main Street

    • The problem with discounting before crossing the chasm

    • “Deadly sins” to avoid when crossing the chasm

    —

    Brought to you by:

    • CommandBar—AI-powered user assistance for modern products and impatient users

    • WorkOS—An API platform for quickly adding enterprise features

    • Arcade Software—Create effortlessly beautiful demos in minutes

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/geoffrey-moore-on-finding-your-beachhead

    —

    Where to find Geoffrey Moore:

    • X: https://twitter.com/geoffreyamoore

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/geoffreyamoore/

    • LinkedIn posts: https://www.linkedin.com/in/geoffreyamoore/recent-activity/articles/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Geoffrey’s background

    (04:03) What people often get wrong about Crossing the Chasm

    (05:58) Finding your beachhead segment

    (09:29) The four inflection points of the technology adoption lifestyle

    (15:45) Geoffrey’s bonfire and bowling alley analogies

    (18:36) Steps to take before trying to cross the chasm

    (22:19) Signs you’re ready to cross the chasm

    (25:19) Advice for startups on where to start

    (27:31) Thoughts on venture capital

    (27:53) A general timeline for crossing the chasm

    (30:52) What exactly is the “chasm”?

    (32:35) The difference between visionaries and pragmatists

    (36:05) Finding the compelling reason to buy

    (43:45) The Early Market playbook

    (45:46) The Bowling Alley playbook

    (48:39) Different sales approaches for early market and bowling alley

    (51:26) Changing the value state of the company

    (53:28) The Tornado playbook

    (57:35) Why combining playbooks doesn’t work

    (59:10) Using generative AI in different market phases

    (01:03:02) The risks of discounting

    (01:04:21) Other “deadly sins” of crossing the chasm

    (01:09:09) Positioning in crossing the chasm

    (01:10:36) Product-led growth and crossing the chasm

    (01:13:54) The challenges of software and entrepreneurship

    (01:16:35) How Geoffrey’s thinking has evolved

    (01:19:30) The importance of entrepreneurship and impact

    (01:20:42) His book The Infinite Staircase

    (01:23:58) Connect with Geoffrey Moore

    —

    Referenced:

    • Crossing the Chasm: Marketing and Selling Disruptive Products to Mainstream Customers: https://www.amazon.com/Crossing-Chasm-3rd-Disruptive-Mainstream/dp/0062292986

    • Oracle: https://www.oracle.com/

    • Documentum: https://www.opentext.com/products/documentum

    • Figma: https://www.figma.com/

    • Notion: https://www.notion.so/

    • Salesforce: https://www.salesforce.com/

    • Intel: https://www.intel.com/

    • Jason Fried challenges your thinking on fundraising, goals, growth, and more: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/jason-fried-challenges-your-thinking-on-fundraising-goals-growth-and-more/

    • The Mayo Clinic: https://www.mayoclinic.org/

    • Coda: https://coda.io/

    • An inside look at how Figma ships product: https://coda.io/@yuhki/figma-product-roadmap

    • Dylan Field on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dylanfield/

    • Regis McKenna on Crunchbase: https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/regis-mckenna-inc

    • Andrew Grove: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Grove

    • A step-by-step guide to crafting a sales pitch that wins | April Dunford (author of Obviously Awesome and Sales Pitch): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/a-step-by-step-guide-to-crafting-a-sales-pitch-that-wins-april-dunford-author-of-obviously-awesom/

    • Sales Pitch: How to Craft a Story to Stand Out and Win: https://www.amazon.com/Sales-Pitch-Craft-Story-Stand/dp/1999023021

    • B2B Go-to-Market Playbooks and the Technology Adoption Life Cycle: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/b2b-go-to-market-playbooks-technology-adoption-life-cycle-moore/

    • Juniper: https://www.juniper.net/us/en.html

    • Sal Khan on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/khanacademy/

    • Khan Academy: https://www.khanacademy.org/

    • How the Star Wars Kessel Run Turns Han Solo Into a Time-Traveler: https://www.wired.com/2013/02/kessel-run-12-parsecs/

    • Atlassian: https://www.atlassian.com/

    • Martin Casado on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/martincasado/

    • The Infinite Staircase: What the Universe Tells Us About Life, Ethics, and Mortality: https://www.amazon.com/Infinite-Staircase-Universe-Ethics-Mortality/dp/1950665984

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Good Strategy, Bad Strategy | Richard Rumelt Jan 21, 2024
    Show notes

    Richard Rumelt is a legend in the world of strategy. He’s the author of Good Strategy/Bad Strategy and The Crux: How Leaders Become Strategists, both ofwhich are often recommended by guests on this podcast. From his early days teaching in Iran at a Harvard-sponsored business school to teaching at Harvard Business School itself to over four decades teaching at UCLA’s Anderson School of Management, Richard’s impact resonates globally. His strategic insights are sought after by major corporations including Microsoft, Shell, Apple, AT&T, Intel, and Commonwealth Bank and by governmental organizations such as the U.S. Army Special Operations Command. In this episode, we discuss:

    • The essential components of a good strategy

    • The importance of coherence in strategy

    • Common pitfalls that create a bad strategy

    • How “power” plays into strategy, and common sources of power

    • The value of knowing history when developing effective strategies

    • Why a strategy should simply be called an “action agenda”

    • The need for one decider in an organization

    —

    Brought to you by:

    • CommandBar—AI-powered user assistance for modern products and impatient users

    • Miro—A collaborative visual platform where your best work comes to life

    • Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security.

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/good-strategy-bad-strategy-richard

    —

    Where to find Richard Rumelt:

    • Email: richard@generalimagination.com

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/richard-rumelt-18520828/

    • Website: https://thecruxbook.com/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Richard’s background

    (04:29) What is a strategy?

    (06:23) The essential components of a good strategy (the “kernel”)

    (15:04) An example of good strategy

    (16:55) Bad strategy

    (25:17) The importance of focus and power

    (28:19) Identifying and utilizing power

    (34:38) Types of power

    (41:13) Implementing power

    (48:15) The importance of historical knowledge

    (55:23) How to write an action agenda

    (01:02:47) The crux

    (01:10:40) Challenges to executing a strategy

    (01:15:44) The need for a decider

    (01:20:39) Strategy for startups

    (01:26:04) Richard’s “value denials” exercise

    (01:31:01) Closing thoughts

    (01:33:57) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • China’s Xi says ‘reunification’ with Taiwan is inevitable: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/12/31/chinas-xi-says-reunification-with-taiwan-is-inevitable.html

    • The Crux: How Leaders Become Strategists: https://www.amazon.com/Crux-How-Leaders-Become-Strategists/dp/1541701240

    • Good Strategy/Bad Strategy: The Difference and Why It Matters: https://www.amazon.com/Good-Strategy-Bad-Difference-Matters/dp/0307886239

    • Fundamental Issues in Strategy: A Research Agenda: https://www.amazon.com/Fundamental-Issues-Strategy-Research-Agenda/dp/0875843433/

    • Strategy, Structure, and Economic Performance: https://www.amazon.com/Strategy-Structure-Economic-Performance-Richard/dp/0875841090

    • There’s more than the CIA and FBI: The 17 agencies that make up the U.S. intelligence community: https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-17-intelligence-agencies-20170112-story.html

    • Programme for International Student Assessment: https://www.oecd.org/pisa/

    • Gerstner: Changing Culture at IBM—Lou Gerstner Discusses Changing the Culture at IBM: https://hbswk.hbs.edu/archive/gerstner-changing-culture-at-ibm-lou-gerstner-discusses-changing-the-culture-at-ibm

    • Marvin Lieberman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/marvin-lieberman-2a6b72/

    • S&P 500: https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/indices/equity/sp-500/#overview

    • Battle of Tora Bora: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tora_Bora

    • Milton Friedman: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_Friedman

    • The Louvre: https://www.louvre.fr/en

    • How does SpaceX build its Falcon 9 reusable rocket?: https://www.sciencefocus.com/space/how-does-spacex-build-its-falcon-9-reusable-rocket

    • Charles Darwin: History’s most famous biologist: https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/charles-darwin-most-famous-biologist.html

    • Donald Rumsfeld: https://www.defense.gov/About/Biographies/Biography/Article/602800/

    • Bush: The Decider-in-Chief: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bush-the-decider-in-chief/

    • Woodrow Wilson: https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/woodrow-wilson/

    • How the Sinking of Lusitania Changed World War I: https://www.history.com/news/how-the-sinking-of-lusitania-changed-wwi

    • Nokia: https://www.nokia.com/

    • The Rise and Fall of Nokia: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=46041

    • Salesforce: https://www.salesforce.com/

    • These New Windows Let the Summer Breeze In, But Block the Street Noise: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/these-new-windows-let-the-summer-breeze-in-but-block-the-street-noise-7906121/

    • Stop it! (Bob Newhart): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvujypVVBAY

    • The Innovator’s Dilemma: The Revolutionary Book That Will Change the Way You Do Business: https://www.amazon.com/Innovators-Dilemma-Revolutionary-Change-Business/dp/0062060244

    • Playing to Win: How Strategy Really Works: https://www.amazon.com/Playing-Win-Strategy-Really-Works/dp/142218739X

    • Steve Jobs: https://www.amazon.com/Steve-Jobs-Walter-Isaacson/dp/1982176865

    • Only the Paranoid Survive: How to Exploit the Crisis Points That Challenge Every Company: https://www.amazon.com/Only-Paranoid-Survive-Exploit-Challenge/dp/0385483821

    • Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr.: https://www.amazon.com/Titan-Life-John-Rockefeller-Sr/dp/1400077303/

    • Yellowstone on Paramount+: https://www.paramountnetwork.com/shows/yellowstone

    • Smart telescopes: https://milehighastro.com/collections/smart-telescopes

    • Cassandra Clare: https://cassandraclare.com/

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    The art and wisdom of changing teams | Heidi Helfand (author of Dynamic Reteaming) Jan 18, 2024
    Show notes

    Heidi Helfand is the author of Dynamic Reteaming, which outlines practical strategies for orchestrating successful team and company org changes. Her work is informed by more than 20 years in the tech industry at notable companies like AppFolio, Procore, and Expertcity/GoToMeeting. Today, she dedicates her efforts to sharing her knowledge through workshops, comprehensive courses, and consultative services, helping organizations navigate and optimize their team structures. In this episode, we discuss:

    • The importance of reteaming and reorging

    • The benefits of embracing reteaming

    • The five patterns of reteaming: one by one, grow and split, merging, isolation, and switching

    • Examples of successful reteaming

    • Why stable teams are not always ideal

    • How change can lead to great career opportunities

    • The RIDE framework for decision-making

    • Advice on how to set up isolated teams for success

    • The anti-patterns of reteaming and the challenges that can arise

    • Tactical tips for becoming a better listener

    —

    Brought to you by:

    • Productroadmap.ai—AI to connect your roadmaps to revenue

    • Hex—Helping teams ask and answer data questions by working together

    • Ahrefs—Improve your website’s SEO for free

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-art-and-wisdom-of-changing-teams

    —

    Where to find Heidi Helfand:

    • X: https://twitter.com/heidihelfand

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/heidihelfand/

    • Website: https://www.heidihelfand.com/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Heidi’s background

    (03:40) How Heidi got involved with reteaming and reorgs

    (07:37) Advice for people dealing with reorgs

    (11:56) The benefits of change and the RIDE framework

    (17:11) The five patterns of reteaming

    (20:00) The power of isolation

    (27:38) Advice on how to be successful by isolating small teams

    (33:27) Supporting and protecting internal startups

    (34:33) The one-by-one pattern

    (36:44) The grow and split pattern

    (39:20) The merging pattern

    (42:14) The switching pattern

    (50:18) Anti-patterns of reteaming

    (52:49) Embracing change and growth

    (58:48) How to become a better listener

    (01:01:28) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • Dynamic Reteaming: The Art and Wisdom of Changing Teams: https://www.amazon.com/Dynamic-Reteaming-Wisdom-Changing-Teams/dp/1492061298

    • O’Reilly: https://www.oreilly.com/

    • Procore Technologies: https://www.procore.com/

    • Kristian Lindwall on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kristianlindwall/

    • Chris Smith on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/chrissmithagile

    • Transitions: Making Sense of Life’s Changes: https://www.amazon.com/Transitions-Making-Changes-Revised-Anniversary/dp/073820904X

    • Pat Wadors on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/patwadors/

    • The Four Steps to the Epiphany: Successful Strategies for Products That Win: https://www.amazon.com/Four-Steps-Epiphany-Successful-Strategies/dp/1119690358

    • GoToMyPC: https://get.gotomypc.com/

    • Teamwork: https://www.amazon.com/Teamwork-Right-Wrong-Interpersonal-Communication/dp/0803932901

    • AppFolio: https://www.appfolio.com/

    • SecureDocs: https://www.securedocs.com/

    • Citrix: https://www.citrix.com/

    • The Culture Code: The Secrets of Highly Successful Groups: https://www.amazon.com/Culture-Code-Secrets-Highly-Successful/dp/0804176981

    • Tuckman’s stages of group development: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuckman%27s_stages_of_group_development

    • Rich Sheridan on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/menloprez/

    • Menlo Innovations: https://menloinnovations.com/

    • Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us: https://www.amazon.com/Drive-Surprising-Truth-About-Motivates/dp/1594484805

    • Toyota Kata: Managing People for Improvement, Adaptiveness and Superior Results: https://www.amazon.com/Toyota-Kata-Managing-Improvement-Adaptiveness/dp/0071635238

    • Paulo Freire: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulo_Freire

    • Jon Walker on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jwalker/

    • Managing Corporate Lifecycles: https://www.amazon.com/Managing-Corporate-Lifecycles-Ichak-Adizes/dp/9381860548

    • The Adizes Institute: https://www.adizes.com/

    • John Cutler on Lenny’s Podcast: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/what-differentiates-the-highest-performing-product-teams-john-cutler-amplitude-the-beautiful-mes/

    • Co-Active Training Institute: https://coactive.com/

    • Co-Active Coaching: The proven framework for transformative conversations at work and in life: https://www.amazon.com/Co-Active-Coaching-Fourth-transformative-conversations/dp/1473674980

    • Creating Intelligent Teams: https://www.amazon.com/Creating-Intelligent-teams-Anne-R%C3%B8d/dp/186922583X

    • The Surprising Power of Liberating Structures: Simple Rules to Unleash a Culture of Innovation: https://www.amazon.com/Surprising-Power-Liberating-Structures-Innovation/dp/0615975305

    • Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making: https://www.amazon.com/Facilitators-Participatory-Decision-Making-Jossey-bass-Management/dp/1118404955

    • The Bear on Hulu: https://www.hulu.com/series/the-bear-05eb6a8e-90ed-4947-8c0b-e6536cbddd5f

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Taking control of your career | Ethan Evans (Amazon) Jan 14, 2024
    Show notes

    Ethan Evans is a writer, career coach, course instructor, and retired VP at Amazon. During his 15 years at Amazon, he helped invent Prime Video, Amazon Video, the Amazon Appstore, Prime Gaming (formerly Twitch Prime), and Twitch Commerce. Prior to Amazon, Ethan spent 12 years in technical leadership roles at several East Coast startups. He writes a newsletter, Level Up, which publishes candid career advice and has a growing community of ambitious professionals to connect with. Ethan also offers a range of Leadership Development Courses via live online classes and on-demand courses. In this episode, we discuss:

    • The Magic Loop framework: a five-step process to grow your career

    • A handful of reasons why people get stuck in their career growth

    • Advice on how to break out of a career plateau

    • How to cultivate inventiveness in your work

    • How to stand out in interviews

    • A personal story of failing Jeff Bezos and lessons learned

    • Contrarian opinions on the return-to-office movement and doing business on a handshake

    —

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    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/taking-control-of-your-career-ethan

    —

    Where to find Ethan Evans:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ethanevansvp/

    • Substack: https://levelupwithethanevans.substack.com/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Ethan’s background

    (04:25) The Magic Loop

    (08:31) The goal of the Magic Loop

    (10:59) Clarifications on the framework

    (12:46) Success stories

    (17:22) The importance and effectiveness of the Magic Loop

    (19:01) A quick summary of the steps in the Magic Loop

    (21:46) What if you’re not pursuing a promotion?

    (23:09) How to break out of a career plateau

    (28:52) How to become systematically inventive

    (36:04) Interview advice and how to stand out

    (40:43) A story of failing Jeff Bezos

    (50:31) Lessons learned from that failure

    (57:30) What Ethan would have done differently

    (01:00:35) Amazon’s leadership principles

    (01:08:52) Contrarian corner: Returning to the office vs. staying remote

    (01:10:39) Contrarian corner: Doing business on a handshake

    (01:11:52) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • The Magic Loop: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-magic-loop

    • SDE levels: https://www.masaischool.com/blog/understanding-sde-levels-sde-1-vs-sde-2-vs-sde-3-differences/

    • What Got You Here Won’t Get You There: How Successful People Become Even More Successful: https://www.amazon.com/What-Got-Here-Wont-There/dp/1401301304

    • Thomas Edison’s quote: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/thomas_a_edison_109928

    • Jeff Bezos: Amazon and Blue Origin | Lex Fridman Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcWqzZ3I2cY

    • Unpacking Amazon’s unique ways of working | Bill Carr (author of Working Backwards): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/unpacking-amazons-unique-ways-of-working-bill-carr-author-of-working-backwards/

    • Working Backwards: Insights, Stories, and Secrets from Inside Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Working-Backwards-Insights-Stories-Secrets/dp/1250267595

    • Jeff Wilke on X: https://twitter.com/jeffawilke

    • Andy Jassy on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andy-jassy-8b1615/

    • Werner Vogels on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/wernervogels/

    • Amazon’s Silk browser explained: https://www.androidpolice.com/amazon-silk-browser-explainer/

    • Chickens and pigs: https://www.scrum.org/resources/chickens-and-pigs

    • 58% of tech employees experience imposter syndrome. Here’s how to overcome it: https://medium.com/wearefutureworks/58-of-tech-employees-experience-imposter-syndrome-heres-how-to-overcome-it-78172d8a2258

    • Jeff Bezos to exec after product totally flopped: ‘You can’t, for one minute, feel bad’: https://www.cnbc.com/2020/05/22/jeff-bezos-why-you-cant-feel-bad-about-failure.html

    • Amazon’s leadership principles: https://www.amazon.jobs/content/en/our-workplace/leadership-principles

    • Sam Altman on X: https://twitter.com/sama

    • Decisive: How to Make Better Choices in Life and Work: https://www.amazon.com/Decisive-Make-Better-Choices-Life/dp/0307956393

    • Leadership and Self-Deception: Getting Out of the Box: https://www.amazon.com/Leadership-Self-Deception-Getting-Out-Box/dp/1523097809

    • The Almanack of Naval Ravikant: A Guide to Wealth and Happiness: https://www.amazon.com/Almanack-Naval-Ravikant-Wealth-Happiness/dp/1544514212/

    • Angel list: https://venture.angellist.com/naval/syndicate

    • Naval Ravikant on X: https://twitter.com/naval

    • 1923 on Paramount+: https://www.paramountplus.com/shows/1923/

    • Yellowstone on Paramount+: https://www.paramountnetwork.com/shows/yellowstone

    • Chuckit! dog toys: https://www.chuckit-toys.co.uk/

    • Luke 12:48: https://law.utk.edu/2016/05/10/to-whom-much-is-given-much-will-be-required

    • The Challenger space shuttle disaster: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster

    • Ethan’s popular course on Maven: https://maven.com/ethan-evans/break-through-to-executive

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    How to be more innovative | Sam Schillace (Microsoft deputy CTO, creator of Google Docs) Jan 11, 2024
    Show notes

    Sam Schillace is deputy CTO and corporate vice president at Microsoft. Prior to working at Microsoft, Sam started a company called Writely, which was acquired by Google and became the foundation of what today is Google Docs. While at Google, Sam helped lead many of Google’s consumer products, including Gmail, Blogger, PageCreator, Picasa, Reader, Groups, and more recently Maps and Google Automotive Services. Sam was also a principal investor at Google Ventures, has founded six startups, and was the SVP of engineering at Box through their IPO. In this episode, we discuss:

    • The journey of building Google Docs

    • The importance of taking risks, embracing failure, and finding joy in your work

    • The importance of asking “what if” questions vs. “why not”

    • Why convenience always wins

    • How, and why, Sam stays optimistic

    • Inside Microsoft’s culture

    • Why you should solve problems without asking for permission

    • Early-career advice

    • Why “pixels are free” and “bots are docs”

    —

    Brought to you by Teal—Your personal career growth platform | Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security | Ahrefs—Improve your website’s SEO for free

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-be-more-innovative-sam-schillace

    —

    Where to find Sam Schillace:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/schillace/

    • Newsletter: https://sundaylettersfromsam.substack.com/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Sam’s background

    (03:45) The first Google Docs file

    (06:45) Disruptive innovation

    (10:11) First-principles thinking

    (11:00) Recognizing disruptive ideas

    (13:17) Examples of first-principles thinking

    (15:46) The power of optimism

    (19:47) Sam’s motto: Get to the edge of something and f**k around

    (21:53) User value and laziness

    (24:31) People are lazy (and what to do about it)

    (28:36) Building Google Docs

    (31:06) The evolution of Google Docs

    (37:15) Finding product-market fit

    (39:52) The future of documents

    (44:57) The value of playing with technology

    (47:58) Taking risks and embracing failure

    (49:21) Thinking in the future

    (53:48) Finding joy in your work

    (01:01:20) Just do the best you can

    (01:02:34) The transformational power of AI

    (01:09:27) Advice for approaching AI

    (01:13:07) The culture at Microsoft

    (01:16:51) Closing thoughts

    (01:17:32) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • Google Docs began as a hacked-together experiment, says creator: https://www.theverge.com/2013/7/3/4484000/sam-schillace-interview-google-docs-creator-box

    • Edna Mode: https://disney.fandom.com/wiki/Edna_Mode

    • Sergey Brin’s profile on Forbes: https://www.forbes.com/profile/sergey-brin/

    • People Who Were No Smarter Than You: https://medium.com/thrive-global/people-who-were-no-smarter-than-you-4e1c88c3fee6

    • Nat Torkington (O’Reilly Media): https://www.oreilly.com/people/nathan-torkington/

    • How Tesla Has Shaken (Not Stirred) Established Carmakers—and Why It Really Matters: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferdungs/2021/04/23/how-tesla-has-shaken-not-stirred-established-carmakersand-why-it-really-matters/

    • First Principles: Elon Musk on the Power of Thinking for Yourself: https://jamesclear.com/first-principles

    • Ashton Tate: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton-Tate

    • Learning by Doing: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/learning-doing-sam-schillace

    • Kevin Scott on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jkevinscott/

    • How do we make sense of all of this?: https://sundaylettersfromsam.substack.com/p/how-do-we-make-sense-of-all-of-this

    • Steve Newman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/stevescalyr/

    • Eric Schmidt on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/eric-schmidt-02158951/

    • Michael Arrington on X: https://twitter.com/arrington

    • TechCrunch: https://techcrunch.com/

    • “Hello, Computer” scene from Star Trek: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hShY6xZWVGE

    • Writely—Process Words with your Browser: https://techcrunch.com/2005/08/31/writely-process-words-with-your-browser/

    • Satya Nadella on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/satyanadella/

    • Poor Charlie’s Almanack: The Essential Wit and Wisdom of Charles T. Munger: https://press.stripe.com/poor-charlies-almanack

    • Calvinism: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvinism

    • This Quote from Seth Godin Could Change How You Think About Pursuing Your Passion: https://friedchickenandsushi.com/blog/2021/7/5/this-quote-from-seth-godin-could-change-how-you-think-about-pursuing-your-passion

    • AI isn’t a feature of your product: https://sundaylettersfromsam.substack.com/p/ai-isnt-a-feature-of-your-product

    • Introducing Gemini: our largest and most capable AI model: https://blog.google/technology/ai/google-gemini-ai/

    • Invisible Cities: https://www.amazon.com/Invisible-Cities-Italo-Calvino/dp/0156453800

    • The Wasp Factory: https://www.amazon.com/WASP-FACTORY-NOVEL-Iain-Banks/dp/0684853159

    • Where Good Ideas Come From: The Natural History of Innovation: https://www.amazon.com/Where-Good-Ideas-Come-Innovation/dp/1594485380/

    • Slow Horses on Apple TV+: https://tv.apple.com/us/show/slow-horses/umc.cmc.2szz3fdt71tl1ulnbp8utgq5o

    • Monarch: Legacy of Monsters on Apple TV+: https://tv.apple.com/us/show/monarch-legacy-of-monsters/umc.cmc.62l8x0ixrhyq3yaqa5y8yo7ew?mttn3pid

    • Scavengers Reign on Max: https://www.max.com/shows/scavengers-reign/50c8ce6d-088c-42d9-9147-d1b19b1289d4

    • 2023 Mustang Mach-E: https://www.ford.com/suvs/mach-e/

    • Boccalone Salumeria (now closed) on X: https://twitter.com/boccalone

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    The engineering mindset | Will Larson (Carta, Stripe, Uber, Calm, Digg) Jan 07, 2024
    Show notes

    Will Larson is Chief Technology Officer at Carta. Prior to joining Carta, he was the CTO at Calm and held engineering leadership roles at Stripe, Uber, and Digg. He is the author of two foundational engineering career books, An Elegant Puzzle and Staff Engineer, and The Engineering Executive’s Primer, which will be released in February. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Systems thinking: what it is and how to apply it

    • Advice for product managers on fostering productive relationships with engineering managers

    • Why companies should treat engineers like adults

    • How to best measure developer productivity

    • Writing and its impact on his career

    • How to balance writing with a demanding job

    • How to develop your company values

    —

    Brought to you by DX—A platform for measuring and improving developer productivity | OneSchema—Import CSV data 10x faster | Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security.

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-engineering-mindset-will-larson

    —

    Where to find Will Larson:

    • X: https://twitter.com/Lethain

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/will-larson-a44b543/

    • Website: https://lethain.com/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Will’s background

    (04:12) Changes in the field of engineering

    (06:27) We need to stop treating engineers like children

    (08:32) Systems thinking

    (13:23) Implementing systems thinking in hiring

    (16:32) Engineering strategy

    (20:21) Examples of engineering strategies

    (25:08) How to get good at strategy

    (26:48) The importance of writing about things that excite you

    (32:40) The biggest risk to content creation is quitting too soon

    (35:24) How to make time for writing

    (37:41) Tips for aspiring writers

    (41:18) Building productive relationships between product managers and engineers

    (43:45) Giving the same performance rating to EMs and PMs

    (48:24) Measuring engineering productivity

    (55:53) Defining company values

    (01:02:10) Failure corner: the Digg rewrite

    (01:11:05) Will’s upcoming book, The Engineering Executive’s Primer

    (01:12:04) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • The end of the “free money” era: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/apr/11/techscape-zirp-tech-boom

    • Work on what matters: https://lethain.com/work-on-what-matters/

    • Sheryl Sandberg to Harvard Biz Grads: “Find a Rocket Ship”: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/05/24/sheryl-sandberg-to-harvard-biz-grads-find-a-rocket-ship/?sh=708c9a93b37a

    • What Is Systems Thinking?: https://www.snhu.edu/about-us/newsroom/business/what-is-systems-thinking

    • Introduction to systems thinking: https://lethain.com/systems-thinking/

    • Thinking in Systems: https://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Systems-Donella-H-Meadows/dp/1603580557

    • Silent Spring: https://www.amazon.com/Silent-Spring-Rachel-Carson/dp/0618249060

    • Writing an engineering strategy: https://lethain.com/eng-strategies/

    • Carta: https://carta.com/

    • Eric Vogl on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ericvogl/

    • Good Strategy/Bad Strategy: The difference and why it matters: https://www.amazon.com/Good-Strategy-Bad-difference-matters/dp/1781256179

    • The Crux: How Leaders Become Strategists: https://www.amazon.com/Crux-How-Leaders-Become-Strategists/dp/1541701240/

    • How Big Things Get Done: The Surprising Factors That Determine the Fate of Every Project, from Home Renovations to Space Exploration and Everything in Between: https://www.amazon.com/How-Big-Things-Get-Done/dp/0593239512/

    • Technology Strategy Patterns: Architecture as Strategy: https://www.amazon.com/Technology-Strategy-Patterns-Architecture/dp/1492040878/

    • The Value Flywheel Effect: Power the Future and Accelerate Your Organization to the Modern Cloud: https://www.amazon.com/Value-Flywheel-Effect-Accelerate-Organization/dp/1950508579

    • The Phoenix Project: A Novel about IT, DevOps, and Helping Your Business Win: https://www.amazon.com/Phoenix-Project-DevOps-Helping-Business/dp/1942788290

    • The Engineering Executive’s Primer: Impactful Technical Leadership: https://www.amazon.com/Engineering-Executives-Primer-Impactful-Leadership/dp/1098149483

    • An Elegant Puzzle: Systems of Engineering Management: https://press.stripe.com/an-elegant-puzzle

    • Staff Engineer: Leadership beyond the management track: https://www.amazon.com/Staff-Engineer-Leadership-beyond-management-ebook/dp/B08RMSHYGG

    • Gergely Orosz’s newsletter: https://blog.pragmaticengineer.com/author/gergely/

    • Leaving big tech to build the #1 technology newsletter | Gergely Orosz (The Pragmatic Engineer): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/videos/leaving-big-tech-to-build-the-1-technology-newsletter-gergely-orosz-the-pragmatic-engineer/

    • The art of product management | Shreyas Doshi (Stripe, Twitter, Google, Yahoo): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/videos/the-art-of-product-management-shreyas-doshi-stripe-twitter-google-yahoo/

    • Henry Ward on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/heward/

    • Vrushali Paunikar on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vrushali-paunikar/

    • Accelerate: The Science of Lean Software and DevOps: Building and Scaling High Performing Technology Organizations: https://www.amazon.com/Accelerate-Software-Performing-Technology-Organizations/dp/1942788339

    • How to measure and improve developer productivity | Nicole Forsgren (Microsoft Research, GitHub, Google): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/how-to-measure-and-improve-developer-productivity-nicole-forsgren-microsoft-research-github-goo/

    • DORA: https://dora.dev/

    • Setting engineering org values: https://lethain.com/setting-engineering-org-values/

    • Digg: https://digg.com/

    • Kevin Rose on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kevinrose/

    • Digg’s v4 launch: an optimism born of necessity: https://lethain.com/digg-v4/

    • Dash Gopinath on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dashgopinath/

    • Rich Schumacher on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/richschumacher/

    • The ALL NEW Don’t Think of an Elephant!: Know Your Values and Frame the Debate: https://www.amazon.com/ALL-NEW-Dont-Think-Elephant-ebook/dp/B00NP9LHFA

    • Top Chef on Peacock: https://www.peacocktv.com/watch-online/tv/top-chef/5172289448907967112

    • Hard to work with: https://lethain.com/hard-to-work-with/

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    The UX research reckoning is here | Judd Antin (Airbnb, Meta) Jan 04, 2024
    Show notes

    Judd Antin has spent 15 years leading research and design teams at companies like Yahoo, Meta, and Airbnb. His direct reports have gone on to lead user research at Figma, Notion, Slack, Robinhood, Duolingo, AllTrails, and more. In our conversation, we unpack the transformation that the user-research field is experiencing. Specifically:

    • Where user research went wrong over the past decade

    • The three types of research—macro, middle-range, and micro—and the purpose of each

    • How to effectively integrate researchers into the product development process

    • The “user-centered performance” phenomenon and why it’s a waste of time

    • Common tropes about PMs, from researchers

    • The ideal ratio of researchers in a company

    • Why Judd says NPS is useless, and what to use instead

    —

    Brought to you by Teal—Your personal career growth platform | Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security | Ahrefs—Improve your website’s SEO for free

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-ux-research-reckoning-is-here

    —

    Where to find Judd Antin:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/juddantin/

    • Website: https://juddantin.com/

    • Blog: https://medium.com/onebigthought

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Judd’s background

    (04:16) Critiques and responses to Judd’s post “The UX Research Reckoning Is Here”

    (07:33) The state of user research

    (08:53) Macro, middle-range, and micro research

    (14:05) What teams get wrong when it comes to research

    (15:46) The importance of integrating research from the beginning

    (17:30) Traits of great researchers

    (19:53) Advice for evaluating user researchers

    (21:10) Balancing business and product focus

    (23:55) User-centered performance

    (26:42) The role of intuition in product development

    (30:15) Checking your gut instincts

    (32:54) Common tropes about PMs, from researchers

    (41:02) A/B testing vs. user research

    (43:15) Hindsight bias and narrative fallacy

    (44:55) Making recommendations based on research

    (47:26) Advice for teams on how to leverage researchers

    (51:18) How product managers can be better partners to user researchers

    (56:53) The ideal ratio of researchers in a company

    (59:43) Empowering user researchers to drive impact

    (01:03:39) The limitations of NPS as a metric

    (01:06:48) The risks of dogfooding

    (01:08:51) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • Matt Gallivan on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mattgallivan/

    • Janna Bray on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/janna-bray-a4046a25/

    • Celeste Ridlen on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/celesteridlen/

    • Rebecca Gray on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rebeccagray2/

    • Hannah Pileggi on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/hannah-pileggi-43169314/

    • Louise Beryl on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/louise-beryl-13225833/

    • The UX Research Reckoning Is Here: https://medium.com/onebigthought/the-ux-research-reckoning-is-here-c63710ea4084

    • The end of the “free money” era: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/apr/11/techscape-zirp-tech-boom

    • Cognitive biases: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    • IDEO design thinking: https://designthinking.ideo.com/

    • Everything Is Obvious: How Common Sense Fails Us: https://www.amazon.com/Everything-Obvious-Common-Sense-Fails/dp/0307951790

    • Patrick Collison’s tweet: https://twitter.com/patrickc/status/1443215022029619200?lang=en

    • Brian Chesky on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/brianchesky/

    • Brian Chesky on Lenny’s Podcast: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/brian-cheskys-new-playbook/

    • NPS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_promoter_score

    • What is CSAT and how do you measure it?: https://www.qualtrics.com/experience-management/customer/what-is-csat/

    • Michael Murakami on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelhmurakami/

    • Bad Leadership: What It Is, How It Happens, Why It Matters: https://www.amazon.com/Bad-Leadership-Happens-Matters-Common/dp/1591391660

    • Demon Copperhead: https://www.amazon.com/Demon-Copperhead-Novel-Barbara-Kingsolver/dp/0063251922

    • All Systems Red: The Murderbot Diaries: https://www.amazon.com/All-Systems-Red-Murderbot-Diaries/dp/0765397536

    • The Last of Us on HBO: https://www.hbo.com/the-last-of-us

    • Belay glasses: https://www.amazon.com/Belay-Glasses-Climbing-Comfortable-Sturdy/dp/B08GSBYDKQ/

    • Epictetus: Control What You Can—Especially Yourself: https://www.shortform.com/blog/epictetus-control/

    • The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change: https://www.amazon.com/Habits-Highly-Effective-People-Powerful/dp/0743269519

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Strategies for becoming less distracted and improving focus | Nir Eyal (author of Indistractable and Hooked) Dec 29, 2023
    Show notes

    Nir Eyal is the author of two best-selling books, Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products and Indistractable: How to Control Your Attention and Choose Your Life. He writes, consults, and teaches at the intersection of psychology, technology, and business. His books have sold over 1 million copies in more than 30 languages; he has taught at Stanford’s Graduate School of Business and its Design School; and he has started and sold two startups since 2003. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Strategies for becoming less distractible and improving focus

    • The difference between distraction and “traction”

    • Reactive work vs. reflexive work and why you should book time in your calendar

    • The 10-minute rule to overcome internal triggers and stay focused

    • The problem with to-do lists, and what to do instead

    • The value of creating a timebox schedule that aligns with personal values and priorities

    • The use of pacts as a last line of defense against distraction

    • How to develop a high-agency mindset

    • Advice for leaders on helping employees improve focus in the workplace

    —

    Brought to you by Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security | Jira Product Discovery—Atlassian’s new prioritization and roadmapping tool built for product teams | Teal—Your personal career growth platform

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/strategies-for-becoming-less-distractible

    —

    Where to find Nir Eyal:

    • X: https://twitter.com/nireyal

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nireyal/

    • Website: https://www.nirandfar.com/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Nir’s background

    (04:20) How to become less distractible

    (07:43) Understanding distraction and traction

    (12:52) The four steps to becoming indistractable

    (13:53) Mastering internal triggers

    (18:49) Surfing the urge with a 10-minute timer

    (23:20) Making time for traction with a timebox schedule

    (25:02) How to turn your values into time

    (28:36) Booking deep work time

    (29:22) Making pacts to prevent distraction

    (31:00) The problem with to-do lists

    (34:31) The drawback of deadlines

    (36:08) Distraction is an emotion regulation problem

    (39:54) Hacking back external triggers

    (45:03) Preventing distraction with pacts

    (48:18) Specific tools to hold you accountable

    (53:42) Managing emotions and discomfort

    (56:37) Taking responsibility and being high-agency

    (01:00:09) Becoming indistractable at work

    (01:05:04) Schedule syncing to align with managers

    (01:09:36) We are not as hooked on technology as people think

    (01:16:00) Life purpose and personal responsibility

    (01:17:38) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • Indistractable: How to Control Your Attention and Choose Your Life: https://www.amazon.com/Indistractable-Control-Your-Attention-Choose/dp/194883653X

    • Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products: https://www.amazon.com/Hooked-How-Build-Habit-Forming-Products/dp/1591847788

    • Dorothy Parker’s quote: https://twitter.com/nireyal/status/1472280598723108866

    • “Writing is bleeding” quote: https://www.hemingwaysociety.org/quotation-controversy-writing-and-bleeding

    • The Pomodoro Technique Explained: https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryancollinseurope/2020/03/03/the-pomodoro-technique/

    • Timeboxing: Why It Works and How to Get Started in 2024: https://www.nirandfar.com/timeboxing/

    • Using your working time well - Issue 22: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/time-management-issue-22

    • All-In podcast: https://www.allinpodcast.co/

    • Nir’s post about “the planning fallacy”: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/nireyal_why-do-tasks-always-seem-to-take-longer-than-activity-7137440438939959297-XIUB/

    • How the Ancient Greeks Beat Distraction: https://www.nirandfar.com/tantalizing-distractions/

    • Jeremy Bentham: https://iep.utm.edu/jeremy-bentham

    • An overview of Sigmund Freud’s pleasure principle: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/pleasure-principle

    • The Matrix “There is no spoon” scene: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAXtO5dMqEI

    • Outlet timer: https://www.amazon.com/Century-Indoor-24-Hour-Mechanical-Outlet/dp/B01LPSGBZS

    • Forest app: https://www.forestapp.cc/

    • Focusmate: https://www.focusmate.com/

    • Have We Been Thinking About Willpower the Wrong Way for 30 Years?: https://hbr.org/2016/11/have-we-been-thinking-about-willpower-the-wrong-way-for-30-years

    • We Need Social Antibodies to Fight the Disease of Distraction: https://nireyal.medium.com/we-need-social-antibodies-to-fight-the-disease-of-distraction-51f9187be016

    • The Mere Presence of Your Smartphone Reduces Brain Power, Study Shows: https://news.utexas.edu/2017/06/26/the-mere-presence-of-your-smartphone-reduces-brain-power

    • Leading in Tough Times: HBS Faculty Member Amy C. Edmondson on Psychological Safety: https://www.hbs.edu/recruiting/insights-and-advice/blog/post/leading-in-tough-times

    • If Tech Is So Distracting, How Do Slack Employees Stay So Focused?: https://www.nirandfar.com/slack-use/

    • Managing up: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/managing-up

    • Duolingo: https://www.duolingo.com/

    • FitBot: https://www.fitbotapp.com/

    • Paulo Coelho’s quote: https://twitter.com/paulocoelho/status/416264984188825600

    • Alchemy: The Dark Art and Curious Science of Creating Magic in Brands, Business, and Life: https://www.amazon.com/Alchemy-Curious-Science-Creating-Business/dp/006238841X

    • The Experience Machine: How Our Minds Predict and Shape Reality: https://www.amazon.com/Experience-Machine-Minds-Predict-Reality/dp/1524748455

    • Empire of the Sun on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/Empire-Sun-Christian-Bale/dp/B001N3JY82

    • Sesame grinder: https://www.miyacompany.com/450-014-450-014

    • Muji pens: https://www.muji.us/collections/pen-pencils

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    The hierarchy of engagement | Sarah Tavel (Benchmark, Greylock, Pinterest) Dec 27, 2023
    Show notes

    Sarah Tavel is a General Partner at Benchmark and sits on the boards of Chainalysis, Hipcamp, Rekki, Cambly, and Medely. She is a founding member of All Raise, the nonprofit organization working to accelerate the success of women in the venture-capital and VC-backed startup ecosystem. Before Benchmark, Sarah was a partner at Greylock Partners. She joined Pinterest in 2012 as their first PM and launched their first search and recommendations features. She also led three acquisitions as she helped the company scale through a period of hypergrowth. In this episode, we discuss:

    Sarah’s Hierarchy of Engagement framework for growing a consumer startup

    • The three levels of the Hierarchy of Engagement: core action, retention, and self-perpetuation

    • The importance of measuring cohorts and maintaining focus on the core action

    • Examples of core user actions from Pinterest and YouTube

    Sarah’s Hierarchy of Marketplaces framework for building a marketplace startup

    • The three vectors of growth for dominating a marketplace

    • Advice on “tipping the marketplace” and ultimately dominating the market

    • The value of focusing on a constrained market

    • How to avoid disruption

    —

    This entire episode is brought to you by Gelt—Redefine your approach to taxes.

    —

    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-hierarchy-of-engagement-sarah

    —

    Where to find Sarah Tavel:

    • X: https://twitter.com/sarahtavel

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarahtavel/

    • Substack: https://www.sarahtavel.com/

    —

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    —

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Sarah’s background

    (03:33) Framework 1: The Hierarchy of Engagement

    (06:03) Level 1: Core action

    (10:33) Level 2: Retention

    (14:00) Level 3: Self-perpetuation

    (19:32) The importance of focus

    (23:54) The challenge of anonymity

    (26:04) Advice for founders who want to increase retention

    (29:34) What founders often get wrong

    (31:43) Examples of core actions

    (37:37) Finding your North Star Metric

    (38:12) Who should use the Hierarchy of Engagement framework

    (38:54) The Hierarchy of Marketplaces framework

    (46:09) Level 1: Focus on a constrained opportunity

    (50:19) Sarah’s “happy GMV” and “minimum viable happiness” concepts

    (54:47) Thumbtack: a counterexample to this approach

    (56:36) Signs you’re ready to move to level 2

    (58:06) Level 2: Tipping the marketplace

    (01:04:15) Tipping loops

    (01:10:53) Not all markets are susceptible to tipping

    (01:15:55) The challenge of homogeneity in B2B marketplaces

    (01:20:29) Signs you’re tipping successfully

    (01:21:43) Level 3: Dominating the market

    (01:28:29) The opportunity in underestimated markets

    (01:30:11) The challenges of chasing GMV and losing focus

    (01:36:36) Recognizing currents and momentum in the market

    (01:39:20) You can never rest on your laurels

    (01:41:03) How to apply these frameworks outside of marketplaces

    (01:42:57) Three ways to find marketplace opportunity

    (01:45:10 ) Lightning round

    —

    Referenced:

    • Hierarchy of Engagement, Expanded: https://sarahtavel.medium.com/the-hierarchy-of-engagement-expanded-648329d60804

    • Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/

    • Evernote: https://evernote.com/

    • Notion: https://www.notion.so/

    • Houseparty app: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houseparty_(app)

    • Clubhouse: https://www.clubhouse.com/

    • How to price your product | Naomi Ionita (Menlo Ventures): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/how-to-price-your-product-naomi-ionita-menlo-ventures/

    • TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/

    • Lessons on building a viral consumer app: The story of Saturn: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-on-building-a-viral-consumer

    • Saturn: https://www.joinsaturn.com/

    • What happened to Secret?: https://www.failory.com/cemetery/secret

    • How to determine your activation metric: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-determine-your-activation

    • Shishir Mehrotra on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/shishirmehrotra/

    • The rituals of great teams | Shishir Mehrotra of Coda, YouTube, Microsoft: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/the-rituals-of-great-teams-shishir-mehrotra-coda-youtube-microsoft/

    • Engagement Hierarchy: Core Actions: https://sarahtavel.medium.com/engagement-hierarchy-core-actions-dd4f72042100

    • Choosing Your North Star Metric: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/choosing-your-north-star-metric

    • Hierarchy of Marketplaces: https://sarahtavel.medium.com/the-hierarchy-of-marketplaces-introduction-and-level-1-983995aa218e

    • Mike Williams on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/yoroomie/

    • Everything Marketplaces: https://www.everythingmarketplaces.com/

    • Fabrice Grinda on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/fabricegrinda/

    • OLX: https://www.olx.com/

    • DoorDash Loves the ’Burbs as Much as You Do: https://www.wsj.com/articles/doordash-loves-the-burbs-as-much-as-you-do-11605618001

    • Thumbtack: https://www.thumbtack.com/

    • NPS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_promoter_score

    • Sean Ellis on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/seanellis/

    • Rekki: https://rekki.com/

    • Ronen Givon on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ronen-givon-535b2514

    • Hipcamp: https://www.hipcamp.com/

    • Demand driving supply: The little-understood growth loop behind a surprising number of iconic billion-dollar companies: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/demand-driving-supply-marketplaces

    • Inside the Revolution at Etsy: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/25/business/etsy-josh-silverman.html

    • Faire: https://www.faire.com/

    • Bill Gurley on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/billgurley/

    • Mechanical Turk: https://www.mturk.com/

    • Parker Conrad on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/parkerconrad/

    • Rippling: https://www.rippling.com/

    • “White Space” for Building a Marketplace: How to Find Your Competition’s Vulnerabilities—and Capitalize: https://sarahtavel.medium.com/white-space-for-building-a-marketplace-how-to-find-your-competitions-vulnerabilities-and-79674aa4d399

    • Pachinko: https://www.amazon.com/Pachinko-National-Book-Award-Finalist/dp/1455563935

    • The Five Temptations of a CEO: https://www.amazon.com/Five-Temptations-CEO-Anniversary-Leadership/dp/0470267585

    • The Five Dysfunctions of a Team: A Leadership Fable: https://www.amazon.com/Five-Dysfunctions-Team-Leadership-Fable/dp/0787960756

    • Tesla: https://www.tesla.com/

    • Reid Hoffman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/reidhoffman/

    • What Is A Good Activation Rate: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/what-is-a-good-activation-rate

    —

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    —

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.


    This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

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