UF Health Podcasts

Nicotine pouch poisonings spike 763% in kids Sep 19, 2025

Let’s say you’re 4 years old. You can’t yet read, but your little eye spies something on the kitchen counter that looks like an unexpected treat.

It’s in a round package and looks just like those candy mints Mom always has in her purse.

A new study warns that this kind of confusion is behind a 763% spike in children under age 6 accidentally ingesting nicotine pouches, sometimes landing them in the hospital.

Researchers from the Nationwide Children’s Hospital and the Central Ohio Poison Center analyzed calls that came into U.S. poison centers from 2020 through 2023.

The team examined nearly 135,000 cases of nicotine ingestions among children younger than 6 and found that most involved children under the age of 2. While most ingestions did not result in longstanding effects, 39 cases involved major medical outcomes and two children died.

Nicotine pouches contain a crystalline powder with nicotine, flavorings and other additives. Some people use them try to stop smoking cigarettes.

The researchers advise that the safest thing for parents or guardians who use nicotine pouches is to keep them away from home. If that’s not avoidable, then lock them out of sight, away from food.

If you must keep them in a purse or backpack, store them so that curious eyes and prying little fingers can’t get to them. And don’t use nicotine pouches in front of your kids.

Children who ingest nicotine pouches might vomit or stumble, sweat heavily, develop a rapid heartbeat or have seizures.

The study authors suggest that flavor bans and childproof storage rules could help keep pouches out of youngsters’ hands, ensuring that the only cost of adults quitting nicotine is some crankiness.

Monday, Monday: Every other day of the week is fine Sep 18, 2025

How do you feel on Sunday evenings? Is there a knot in your gut? Do you keep an anxious eye on the time and wish it would stop reminding you that, come tomorrow, it’s no longer your own?

A case of the Mondays is a real thing. And our bodies keep the receipts.

A new study from the University of Hong Kong shows that Mondays, in their own unique, awful way, drive long-term biological stress. For some of us, this holds true even if we’re no longer part of the rat race.

The study analyzed data from more than 3,500 older adults 50 and older who took part in the English Longitudinal Study of Aging between 2012 and 2013.

They found that the adults who reported Monday anxiety had 23% higher cortisol and cortisone levels in their hair samples, compared with those who regarded Mondays as just an average day.

Some participants who reported high stress weren’t working, suggesting that job stress isn’t the only explanation for the heightened anxiety.

Scientists already knew that Mondays are linked to a 19% spike in heart attacks. The new study identifies what is known as the hypothalamic [high-po-tha-lam-ick]-pituitary-adrenal axis — they call it the HPA for short — as a possible biological reason for that spike.

When the hormone cortisol is chronically high in our bodies, it contributes to high blood pressure, insulin resistance and immune dysfunction. All of these can drive heart disease.

So, how do Monday fretters find peace? Try reserving Sundays for self-care. Give yourself a facial. Or go on a hike. Turns out, a dedicated moment for taking care of yourself may be one of the few social media trends actually backed by science.

Muscle “marbling”: Good in steak, bad in our bodies Sep 17, 2025

Consider the delicate web of fat in a Wagyu (waa·gyoo) steak. The “marbling” that makes carnivore connoisseurs swoon is a visual heuristic for quality flavor.

Now, a new study from researchers at the University of Florida suggests the very same marbling of fat inside our own muscles points to trouble. This condition, known as intramuscular adipose tissue, has long been recognized by scientists as a strong indicator of poor health.

It’s linked to a wide range of diseases: obesity, Type 2 diabetes, neuromuscular disorders (including Duchenne muscular dystrophy) and neurogenerative conditions such as ALS. In some cases, clinicians can even track the progress of a disease by the amount of fat in muscle tissue.

In the study, researchers sought to understand the precise function this might play on muscle health, suspecting it could act as a driver of declining muscle function. The team developed a genetic model that allowed researchers to damage the muscle while preventing the infiltration of intramuscular fat.

When fat cells were present in the muscle, the muscle fibers were unable to properly form and grow. The fat tissue’s roadblock led to a disorganized and chaotic healing process that ultimately resulted in smaller, weaker muscle fibers. This directly translated to a loss of strength. Where space is occupied by fat cells, muscle fibers cannot grow.

Ultimately, these findings tell us more about the role of fat in muscle disease and aging. Future solutions might focus on decreasing or removing the physical blockage of fat, rather than just muscle growth…like removing a pebble in the way of a struggling sprout. Once it’s gone, something healthier might have room to grow.

Mind over matter? Brain exercise could help curb bathroom breaks Sep 16, 2025

Ever reach your front door after a long drive home and suddenly feel the desperate urge to pee? You’re far from the only one, and no, it’s not just in your head. The inopportune phenomenon is called latchkey incontinence, and yes, it’s as real as the mailbox you sprint by on your way to the loo.

Now, a pill-free solution may be on the horizon.

Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have been studying the bothersome bladder betrayal often triggered by daily cues like your door, car or even the sound of running water. As it turns out, this type of situational urinary incontinence is a kind of Pavlovian response. Similar to a dog drooling at a dinner bell, years of going to the bathroom as soon as you’re home have trained your brain to demand a bathroom break the second your front lawn comes into view.

The good news, though? You and your brain can come to a kind of agreement.

In the study, the team of researchers explored whether mindfulness and a little electric current (specifically, one that is noninvasive and directly stimulates the brain) could help calm the bladder. They asked 61 women over 40 to look at photos of their “trigger” cues while doing a body scan meditation, receiving brain stimulation — or both.

Promisingly, participants noted that improvements were felt across the board — to the point that 90% of enrollees completed the study despite its requirement for on-site visits. Now, as with many pilot studies, the team hopes to take this approach further … and maybe even bring it to your smartphone. Because no one wants to make a hundred-step dash every time they hear their garage door begin to open.

Is your heart aging faster than you are? Sep 15, 2025

Age is just a number — especially if your heart is aging faster than you are. And for many Americans, their heart is blowing out increasing numbers of birthday candles.

A recent study revealed that the average American’s cardiovascular system reflects that of an adult several years older than their chronological age. The study looked at data from a group of participants representative of about 138 million Americans ages 30 to 79 without heart disease.

American women’s hearts were on average four years older than their actual age and men’s hearts were about seven years older than their actual age.

Education levels and socioeconomic factors made a big difference in heart age. Women and men with less than a high school education, as well as those in lower income groups, showed notably higher heart ages. In fact, 24% of lower-income women and 35% of lower-income men showed a “heart age” of 10 years older than their true ages.

These results were captured by a heart age calculator that included factors like kidney function, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, diabetes status and smoking habits.

While the results of the study might be sobering, the good news is that being aware of this new information and the risk factors involved can help people make positive changes.

Small actions around your lifestyle and day-to-day habits, like quitting smoking, managing high blood pressure or improving your diet and exercise routine, can make a big difference over time.

So, though it’s not always polite to ask someone’s age, your heart might be an important exception to the rule.

Dogs trained to detect Parkinson’s with high accuracy Sep 12, 2025

If someone put a teaspoon of sugar in your morning coffee, you might be able to smell it. Maybe. A dog, researchers say, could detect the same amount of sugar in a million gallons of water, or about two Olympic-sized pools.

The canine sense of smell is a remarkable product of nature. Depending on the breed, it’s up to 100,000 times more sensitive than our own.

Now, scientists are putting those noses to the test with Parkinson’s disease, a movement disorder that can be challenging to diagnose early.

Typically, human skin produces a waxy skin oil that helps maintain our skin and hair health.

These skin secretions, however, are altered in Parkinson’s patients. That results in a unique musky odor even years before the onset of noticeable symptoms.

British researchers in a recent study said dogs can be trained to detect the smell, opening the possibility that they might one day aid neurologists.

Of 10 dogs screened, two showed an affinity for the task — a male golden retriever named Bumper and a male labrador-golden retriever mix named Peanut. Each received 53 weeks of training.

They were exposed to skin swabs from people diagnosed with Parkinson’s and those who were disease-free. Peanut and Bumper were rewarded when they correctly identified the signature musky smell.

A final test involved 100 new samples. Bumper identified 28 out of 40 Parkinson’s samples, or 70%. He also correctly dismissed 54 of 60 negative samples, or 90%

Peanut, however, was the star. He identified 32 of 40 Parkinson’s samples, or 80%, and correctly dismissed 59 of 60 negative samples, or 98%.

Sometimes the far-fetched ideas could just end up being the right ones.

Giving cats the research attention they deserve Sep 11, 2025

The research on feline diseases and treatments has traditionally lagged behind that of dogs. But now with an estimated 220 to 373 million pet cats around the world, it’s time our feline friends get the attention they deserve.

Hill’s Pet Nutrition recently published the inaugural 2025 World of the Cat Report, which showcases advances in feline diagnostics, treatments and nutrition.

In the past, veterinarians often treated cats like small dogs. Thankfully, they’ve learned that cats respond differently to drugs, some of which can even be toxic to feline patients.

Currently, only about 40% of cats — compared to over 80% of dogs — have annual veterinary visits. With more ways to make cats comfortable in the clinic, the goal is to even those numbers up.

A tool to help classify canine seizures Sep 11, 2025

To treat canine seizures effectively, they first need to be accurately characterized. That’s challenging when pooch parents may be the only ones witnessing these events.

Now, an international team of veterinary researchers has developed a questionnaire that standardizes the description and classification of canine seizures. Pet parents are presented with practical descriptions of clinical signs — developed from data collected from over 600 dogs and 96 breeds — along with clear video examples. Using these aids, pet parents can accurately describe seizures up to 97% of the time.

Researchers hope this tool will help both clinical diagnostics and genetic research. The questionnaire is now available for use by veterinarians and researchers around the world.

Do animals need products made from cannabis? Sep 11, 2025

As increasing numbers of cannabis-derived products become available for people, veterinarians are often asked whether they are safe for pets.

When state laws legalize marijuana for people, those laws don’t apply to animals. Also, any product claiming to be therapeutic must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration before it can be legally manufactured and distributed.

So far, no cannabis-derived products have received FDA approval for therapeutic use in animals. Although some cannabinoids [cah-NAB-in-oids], like CBD, may have potential in treating epilepsy or osteoarthritis, there’s scant scientific evidence for their use in animals. That’s the main reason why the American Veterinary Medical Association does not recommend them.

Preparing and storing commercial pet food Sep 11, 2025

Although we hear lots about raw food diets, cooked or processed commercial pet foods also need to be prepared and stored properly.

First, make sure that bags and cans of food are undamaged when you buy them. Then store dry food in an airtight container in a dry area kept lower than 80 degrees. Keep the original bag with all the manufacturing data. Refrigerate moist food and discard any that’s left out for more than a couple of hours.

Use a dedicated utensil — and never an unwashed pet food bowl — as a scoop. Make it a habit to wash pet food, water bowls, utensils and mats frequently in warm, soapy water. Also get used to washing your hands with soap for at least 20 seconds after handling any pet food and keep young tots away from all animal food.

Preventing the spread of feline panleukopenia Sep 11, 2025

Feline panleukopenia [pan-loo-kow-PEE-nee-ah] is a viral disease that often kills or severely debilitates cats — especially kittens and sick or unvaccinated adult cats. It’s extremely contagious and can spread like wildfire through shelters and kennels.

The feline panleukopenia virus, also called FPV, attacks rapidly growing cells, like those in the intestines, bone marrow and developing fetuses. Kittens under five months of age are most vulnerable to dying from FPV. Those that survive often have brain damage, resulting in tremors and coordination problems — even seizures and blindness.

Vaccination against FPV is recommended for all cats. Because pregnant cats can pass infection to their unborn kittens, it’s important that they have a series of initial vaccinations followed by a booster every 3 years.

Even air conditioning may not keep some dogs safe Sep 11, 2025

Particularly heat-susceptible dogs, like double-coated breeds, need extra cooling strategies for protection in extreme heat. One family learned this in a tragic way.

With their 4-year-old Newfoundland in the backseat of their air-conditioned SUV, a couple headed off for a summer pooch play date. With the car running constantly and the windows cracked, everything seemed fine — until suddenly it wasn’t. Before they could reach a veterinarian, their dog had died from heatstroke.

Most fans in large vehicles are located up front. To prevent overheating, consider a pet-specific air-conditioning unit that directs cold air to the rear of the vehicle. Keep the AC on high for the entire trip and even have your dog wear a cooling vest. Frozen treats and cool water also help.

Pets and algal blooms Sep 11, 2025

Although healthy algae is an important part of aquatic ecosystems, the right conditions can promote the growth of dangerous types of algae.

These harmful algal [AL-gull] blooms are most likely to occur during warm weather — even into fall. However, they can crop up at any time of the year. Other ideal conditions include low water levels and slow-flowing water.

Harmful algal blooms produce toxins that can seriously sicken — and even kill — animals and people who come into contact with contaminated food or water. There’s no way to tell if an algal bloom is harmful just by its appearance, so it’s important to stay on top of public health announcements. Still, if you’re concerned about the smell or appearance of algae on the water, it’s best to steer clear — and keep animals away, too.

Extreme heat reduces dairy cows’ production Sep 11, 2025

A 12-year study of more than 130,000 dairy cows showed that severe heat reduces their milk production by about 10 percent.

What’s more, that lower production can last up to 10 days after just one sweltering day.

This effect is expected to become more pronounced by 2050, as heat stress worsens. South Asia is likely to feel the most severe consequences, since it’s expected to account for more than half of the world’s increased milk production over the next decade.

Although producers must rely on cooling strategies for their cows, these methods may only be able to reduce heat’s effects on production by about 40%.

A promising experimental treatment for canine hemangiosarcoma Sep 11, 2025

Nearly 50,000 cases of the blood vessel cancer called canine hemangiosarcoma are diagnosed each year in the U.S.

It’s invariably fatal, although removing the dog’s spleen and chemotherapy may extend its life.

Now, an experimental therapy is showing promise. First, a blood test is used to detect hemangiosarcoma cells. Then the affected dog is treated with eBAT [Ē-bat], which consists of two antibodies that target receptors on these cells with a toxic payload. eBAT invades the cancerous tissue, stops protein production and destroys cells that feed the tumor.

Fewer than 50% of dogs diagnosed with hemangiosarcoma live six more months. So far, treatment with eBAT after a splenectomy has increased this rate to about 70%, and that’s significant.

Let sleeping cats lie — on their left side Sep 11, 2025

Cats love their snooze time — in fact, they nap 12 to 16 hours a day. After analyzing hundreds of videos of sleeping cats, researchers found that two out of three cats prefer to sleep on their left side. The question is … why?

When cats sleep on their left side, they see their surroundings with their left visual field when they wake up. This information is then sent to the right hemisphere of their brain, which is best at spatial awareness. This includes analyzing possible threats and coordinating quick escape actions, which could help cats in hunting and evading predators.

So, instead of being a mere fancy, the feline tendency for left-sided sleeping may actually be a survival tactic.

A wounded eagle gets help from an unexpected source Sep 11, 2025

Skin grafts can provide lifesaving treatment for large soft-tissue wounds. That’s true for people and animals, and sometimes these grafts have interesting origins.

In 2024, a wounded adult bald eagle was found by a Good Samaritan who brought it to a veterinarian. There was no healthy skin left to close the infected, gaping wound, making euthanasia an obvious option. But because the bird could still use its claws, the veterinarian decided to try a skin graft — one from an Atlantic cod.

With the help of a company that produces cod-skin grafts for human wounds, the eagle healed in about 10 months. This was the first time cod-skin patches had been used to help a bird of prey.

Given that fish make up about 90% of an eagle’s diet, it seems Mother Nature has a sense of humor.

Honeybee die-offs spell trouble Sep 11, 2025

The last half of 2024 was devastating for U.S. honeybees. Over 60% of commercial colonies were decimated — and that followed a 50% die-off the previous year.

Funding cuts and layoffs earlier this year affected the speed at which the U.S. Department of Agriculture could determine the cause of the deaths. But now the culprit is clear: viruses spread by varroa [vah-ROW-ah] mites. Pesticide exposure and poor nutrition may also have contributed.

Virtually all bees studied were resistant to amitraz [AM-ǐ-traz], the only miticide still safe for bees and historically effective against varroa mites.

If honeybee populations suffer too consecutive die-offs, they may not bounce back. They pollinate more than 90 of the nation’s commercial crops, so that could spell all kinds of trouble.

For better gym progress, take a rest Sep 11, 2025

You’ve likely heard this old adage: No pain, no gain. For some committed gym goers, there are no days off when it comes to staying active.

Sure, every day at the gym is an opportunity to build your level of fitness. But if you find yourself increasingly sore without any improvement, or notice your bench presses plateauing, it may be time to reconsider your approach.

It isn’t intuitive, but many of your “gains” happen between workouts. Rest is a necessary period when your body goes about repairing muscle tissue, replenishing energy and resetting your nervous system.

In forgoing recovery, you are more susceptible to burnout and injury. The cumulative stress leads to consequences like fatigue, persistent stiffness, diminished output and even mood disturbances or disrupted sleep.

Think about it: Have you ever tried to run or lift weights after a poor night’s sleep? You likely labored step after step and rep after rep. A study published in Physiological Reports states that sleep deprivation elevates cortisol levels and reduces muscle protein synthesis. The result? Inefficient tissue repair, delayed muscle growth and more vulnerability to sickness.

Consider a recovery routine to complement your workout regimen. Aim for incorporating both restorative and active recovery into each week. Active recovery involves low-impact movements that help with circulation — think going on a walk, or doing yoga. Restorative recovery is all about breathing and giving your nervous system the attention it needs and deserves.

Sometimes the grind needs to halt. Taking the time to care for your fitness journey in its entirety can help ensure its longevity … one rest day at a time.

Cracking the case of cholesterol (and eggs) Sep 10, 2025

For decades, nutritional guidance has suggested eggs aren’t all they’re cracked up to be. Whether it was raising cholesterol or increasing the risk of heart disease, the fridge staple acquired a bad reputation. But new research suggests the real bad egg might be bacon — or more specifically, the saturated fat in processed meats.

In the study, researchers assigned three separate diets to a group of healthy adults. One diet was high in saturated fat from processed meats like bacon and sausage; another included two eggs a day, but was low in saturated fat; and a third option combined high cholesterol with high saturated fat.

After five weeks, participants who were assigned to the diet high in cholesterol and saturated fat demonstrated the worst cholesterol readings of the group. The runner-up for worst diet? The group of folks who did not eat eggs but had an abundance of bacon or sausage. Finally, the cohort who ate two eggs a day but less saturated fat fared the best, even showing improved levels of LDL, or what we know as bad cholesterol.

The takeaway? Saturated fat — not dietary cholesterol — is the main contributor to higher low-density lipoproteins, or the “bad” kind of cholesterol. Processed meats pack a heavy punch of saturated fat, while eggs provide protein and nutrients without the same negative effect.

For those heart-conscious breakfast lovers who have ditched the eggs and bacon for fruit and yogurt, there’s no longer a need to eschew the delicious dozen. Cutting back on processed meats alone can help protect your cholesterol levels, allowing you to scramble back into the world of egg-forward breakfasts.

Want to feel better? Try going outside (again). Sep 09, 2025

At this point, everyone and their mother are begging you to go outside and spend time in nature. There’s decades’ worth of research to support it making you feel better, both mentally and physically. Now, a research study is drilling down into the details to find that even as little as 10 minutes spent outside could help your mental health.

Published in Ecopsychology, this new analysis scoured three decades of research on how nature impacts mental health. From an initial pool of 14,168 studies, researchers homed in on 45 that involved almost 1,500 adults with diagnosed mental health conditions. These studies ranged from brief urban park visits to extended wilderness immersions.

The results? Well, according to the analyses, whether research participants spent just 10 minutes in a city park or several days in the wild, they reported experiencing positive mental health benefits. Some studies examined frequent short visits into nature, while others looked at longer, continuous exposure. Notably, the analysis indicated that outdoor spaces based around water, like lakes and oceans, and camping and gardening activities, had the greatest positive effect. But all approaches, even urban nature, showed encouraging results. Additionally, nature’s positive effects appeared even greater for those diagnosed with mood disorders, including depression or bipolar disorder.

So, if the idea of a weeklong wilderness trek feels daunting, rest easy. A brief escape to a nearby park is a practical, low-cost option that could be just as beneficial — and you won’t need to bring toilet paper or bug spray.

What is a dopamine deficit? Sep 08, 2025

You experience it while playing the newest edition of your favorite video game. You notice it after a good run or workout. Whether you’re gardening, painting, meditating or even savoring the first spoonful of an ice cream sundae, that feel-good chemical is being activated.

Regardless of what you do to feel good, dopamine is involved. The hormone is connected to your brain’s reward system, and gives you a sense of pleasure. This, in turn, can be the motivation to pursue activities that make you feel good —or even great.

But did you know it’s possible to experience a lack of dopamine? Experts say that certain types of media, food and activities can disrupt our dopamine balance.

This is because dopamine plays a central role in addiction. In short: When we do something that’s feels good, dopamine instructs our brain to do more, reinforcing the behavior. The end result can be a dopamine deficit, which causes us to need more of our reward — not to feel good, but to stop feeling bad.

The classic “offenders” of alcohol and drugs can cause this disruption, but so can sugar, addictive social media and video games.

Experts say the best way to deal with a dopamine deficit is to do a cleanse. Try a month without the activity or source of dopamine. Four weeks is the average amount of time it takes to reset reward pathways in the brain. Yes, you’re going to feel worse before you feel better. Give it 10 to 14 days, and the disconnect between dopamine and the stimulus will dissolve.

After abstaining, reevaluate whether you can do this activity occasionally. It’s all about moderation.

Clean linens do matter to your health Sep 05, 2025

Pardon this nosy question, but how clean are your sheets?

With so much chatter about sleep’s key role in our overall health, it’s notable that the state of our sheets gets scant attention.

A 2022 poll from the global survey company YouGov found that just 28% of British respondents wash their sheets once a week. Many respondents said it was far less than that, sometimes every two months or more.

In the U.S., a 2017 survey of 1,000 Americans found that the average time between sheet-washings was about 24 days.

But does it matter if many of us don’t reach the seemingly high bar of washing our bedding every week?

Microbiologists would likely answer that in one word: Yes.

This is because our bodies are kind of … gross. An unholy combination of icky things, including sweat, body oils, drool, allergens, pollutants, pollen, dust, shedded skin, bacteria and fungi and dust mites sleep with us.

And, if your cat, dog or menagerie sleeps with you, add dander, dirt, fur and maybe a little bit of poop to the party mix.

Some of these items can cause or at least aggravate health conditions. Dust and pollen can obviously make allergies worse, but dust mite droppings are potent allergens that can aggravate asthma and skin conditions, too.

The trick, unfortunately, is to simply wash these well-loved linens more frequently than (it seems) we’d like.

To start: Wash your sheets and pillowcases once a week. If you’re sweating a great deal due to heat or illness, you’ll need to buckle down and ramp that up to every three days.

Hopefully, it’ll make going to bed feel downright luxurious … and encourage us all to pivot to sheets that are not only silky, but squeaky clean.

Why do cool temperatures feel good on your skin? Sep 04, 2025

Stepping inside a perfectly air-conditioned room during the summer sends a pleasant tingle across your skin. It’s refreshing, and a sensation whose mechanisms are now becoming less of a mystery.

A new study in mice from researchers at the University of Michigan is shedding light on how your skin knows the temperature is cool outside — and why your brain cares. The team successfully “traced” the entire pathway that handles cool temperatures, from skin to brain, making it the first time scientists have fully mapped a temperature-sensing neural circuit. Notably, cooler temperatures have their own dedicated neural pathway, meaning your body doesn’t just lump “not-hot” into one category. Rather, it evolved separate routes to detect hot and cold.

Here’s how it works: When the skin feels something in the 59 to 77°F range, tiny molecular “thermometers” get triggered. These activate primary sensory neurons, which ping the spinal cord. There, a previously unknown player steps in: an amplifier neuron, whose job it is to prevent the signal from getting lost in the noise. Then, the signal zooms up to the brain, giving you that delicious “ahh” moment when a cool breeze brushes by on a hot day.

Why does this matter? Well, more than 70% of people on chemo report cold-induced pain, which can happen soon after an infusion. Because the pathway studied here is not involved in that particular type of pain, understanding it better could help scientists figure out which kind is, and how to fix it — without affecting your ability to enjoy the crisp AC during a grocery store run. And, because we must say it: That sounds pretty cool.

Study shows lack of exercise isn’t cause of the obesity epidemic Sep 03, 2025

Scores of Americans increase exercise in the fight to lose weight. Yet, scientists say sedentary behavior isn’t the primary cause of the American obesity epidemic. For that, look to the scourge of the modern supermarket — processed foods.

Indeed, scientists say Americans actually burn more calories than people in developing countries living traditional lifestyles.

A study by scientists at Duke University analyzed data from 34 different populations around the world, totaling more than 4,000 people. These included everyone from Norwegian office workers to Tanzanian hunter-gatherers.

Participants’ physical activity was tracked, and the data offered some surprising findings.

Scientists saw that energy expenditure in developed countries is higher than in developing nations, which was unexpected. Sedentary behavior is often associated with wealthier nations. This finding contradicts the idea that less physical activity is linked to obesity.

In the 25 nations where dietary data is available, the study found that those who ate ultraprocessed foods were, on average, heavier.

These foods include packaged cookies or cakes, ice cream with preservatives, processed meats like hot dogs or luncheon meats, and sugary drinks.

This finding, by itself, isn’t surprising. But it is when coupled with the increased energy consumption in nations where obesity is more prevalent.

None of this suggests you shouldn’t exercise anyway. Doing so prevents heart disease, improves mental health and extends life. And burning calories on a treadmill or bicycle still helps you lose weight … although perhaps not as much as any of us would like.

The risks of drinking in old age Sep 02, 2025

In case you need to hear it: Drinking alcohol at any age is harmful to our health. And, once you turn the page to 65 years old, drinking comes at an even greater cost.

Because older adults tend to have less muscle mass and retain less water in their tissues, imbibing a cocktail or other drink of choice can send their blood alcohol concentration soaring. This means it takes fewer drinks to feel intoxicated. And, though you can stumble at any age, inebriation for older adults leads to a risk of severe injury … and often a long recovery.

A federal survey reported that 12% of older adults reported indulging in at least four drinks during a single sitting over the past month. That number comes out to about 7 million people.

For even the most active among us, alcohol affects nearly every organ system in the body. This includes muscles, blood vessels, the digestive system, the heart and the brain. Drinking alcohol also increases our chances of developing chronic conditions, like dementia, diabetes, cancer, hypertension and heart disease. One key point: It worsens outcomes for older folks dealing with chronic disease.

It’s also important to keep any prescription medications for conditions like diabetes in mind. When the alcohol mixes with the medication, the latter becomes less effective and the side effects can cause a host of issues.

Experts also recommend that adults 65 and older should consume no more than one drink per day and no more than seven per week. Although abstinence doesn’t have to be the answer, those committed to aging healthily should try to avoid multiple drinks in a day.

If you think about it, that’s a small price to pay for a better quality of life — today and tomorrow.

Babies aren’t the only ones affected by airplane noise Sep 01, 2025

You’re sitting at the airport, filled with excitement. People pass by laden with suitcases. Someone sprints behind you, desperate to make a connecting flight. You’re one airborne nap away from some much-needed rest and relaxation.

As you board the plane and take your seat, you notice a fussing baby a few rows over. Your seatmate is playing games on his phone with the sound on. The flight attendant’s voice crackles over the announcement system. You settle in, prepared to endure this oh-so-human cacophony in order to start your vacation.

But it’s the sound we often don’t notice that we might need to pay more attention to.

Despite its ability to fade into the background, the airplane’s engine noise is far from quiet. Inside an airplane’s cabin, the noise typically hovers between 75 and 85 decibels. But during takeoff and landing, the engines can peak at more than 110 decibels. Every three-decibel surge corresponds to double the intensity of the sound reaching our ears. And, for a baseline: Fifty years ago, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health set sound exposure recommendations of 85 decibels for an eight-hour shift for workers. Now, experts say prolonged noise can also be a risk to our hearing.

What can you do? Well, consider your seat location. Avoid seats near the wings and the rear of the plane, as they’re closer to the engines. Earplugs and head phones can help, as can drinking fluids. By sipping water, you lessen the feeling of ear pressure changes whose discomfort can be amplified by the noise.

So plug in, drink up and enjoy the flight. You’re almost there.

Midlife weight loss can lead to a longer life Aug 29, 2025

Losing weight in your 40s can help you fit back into your favorite-but-increasingly-snug-jeans. Beyond flattering your figure, however, midlife weight loss carries a host of other benefits — like adding years to your life.

A recent study found even modest weight loss in your 40s can significantly reduce your risk of developing serious health issues and increase life expectancy. Researchers tracked more than 23,000 adults in their 40s for up to 35 years, gaining insight into the effects of midlife weight loss. Participants who went from overweight to a healthy weight saw a 48% reduced risk of chronic disease and a 19% lower risk of death.

Notably, even modest weight loss was shown to significantly reduce the risk of developing serious health issues while still conveying the benefits of a longer life.

The study was conducted before many of today’s newest surgical and medicinal weight loss interventions were available. That means the study results apply to those who lost weight the old-fashioned way — via diet and exercise.

Losing weight and keeping it off can be a challenge, but researchers emphasized the benefits of putting in the work. As an added incentive, the study found that those who lost weight also typically had lower blood pressure and cholesterol compared with those who remained overweight.

But patience is key. Researchers noted that realizing the full benefit of even modest weight loss in your 40s can take decades to be realized.

So, if you’ve noticed your jeans fitting a bit tighter, know that losing weight could be more than just a cosmetic improvement. It just might be a step toward a longer, healthier life — and it’s never too late to get in shape.

From pharaoh’s tomb to a potential lifesaver Aug 28, 2025

This is a story of tomb curses and a deadly fungus. It’s also a lesson in how science, funded by the federal government, provides hope in the search for new treatments against a cancer that can strike anyone, leukemia.

The fungus is Aspergillus flavus (Pronounced ASS-per-JILL-us FLAY-vus), or A. flavus (A FLAY-vus). It grows worldwide, even in the inky darkness of the tomb.

In the 1920s, a series of untimely deaths by the team that opened the tomb of King Tutankhamun (TOO-tan-KAH-mun) created the myth of a curse that followed anyone entering Tut’s burial chamber.

Decades later, some suggested the curse was actually the work of A. flavus, which is toxic and sometimes deadly.

Then, in the 1970s, a group of 12 scientists entered the tomb of the 15th Century Polish king, Casimir IV (KAZ-uh-meer the Fourth), in Kraków after receiving permission from the local archbishop. Within months, 10 were dead. Again, talk turned to a deadly curse. But scientists found A. flavus around the king’s remains.

More recently, a team led by University of Pennsylvania scientists on the hunt for cancer-killing compounds had a look at this fungal villain. Not a bad idea, considering mold gave us penicillin.

The team’s recent study shows that compounds in the fungus can be modified to enhance its anticancer properties.

Essentially, these modified compounds might block the uncontrolled cell division that is cancer’s signature. The molecules identified were shown to affect leukemia cells.

The researchers say they’re explorers, learning how to defeat disease from nature’s pharmacy. While it’s no supernatural solution, there is poetic justice in working toward a possible cure for the future from a (debunked) curse of the past.

Stress-checking dental floss is in the works Aug 27, 2025

You’ve flossed your teeth and are putting final touches on your makeup when you get an alert letting you know your stress is off the charts.

In a brilliant twist on multitasking, scientists at Tufts University say they have created a dental floss with that can sense and measure the stress hormone cortisol in saliva.

And it does so with extreme accuracy. Down to forty-eight thousandths of picograms (PEE-koh-gram) per milliliter. A picogram, in case you were wondering, is one-trillionth of a gram.

While the product is in its infancy, smart floss could be a game-changer in stress testing. Chronic stress is a big health problem. It contributes to heart disease, mental health issues and weakens immunity.

Doctors typically measure a patient’s stress with psychiatric tests or questionnaires. But some become nervous around doctors and the results aren’t necessarily scientific.

For a more exact measure, the gold standard recommendation is for a patient to take a blood test. While accurate, that’s hardly convenient.

Here’s how the floss works: The FDA-approved suture thread contains tiny molecular templates designed to recognize cortisol. When cortisol binds to them, it alters the sensor’s electrical signal.

In its current state, the signal goes to a small portable device for analysis. For consumers, a much smaller version of the device must be developed. And it needs to be tested by home users, rather than in a lab.

Still, the researchers believe smart floss could someday be used to screen for a host of health issues from the comfort of our bathroom. And that kind of convenience is a stress buster.

Seniors’ marijuana use grows Aug 26, 2025

Papa and Nana may be lighting up, and they aren’t the only ones.

Record numbers of older adults are getting high on marijuana. A recent New York University analysis of survey results found that in 2023, 7% of adults 65 and older reported using marijuana in the past month.

That number is up almost 46% from 2021, when just 4.8% reported using cannabis.

Back in 2006 and 2007, only about 1% of older adults reported using the drug in the past month.

The trend is hardly surprising: Most Americans now live in a state that has legalized marijuana use for medical or recreational use. Or both.

It’s important because many adults with chronic diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, cancer and high blood pressure, reported using marijuana, which can complicate the management of those diseases.

The study relied upon answers from more than 15,000 people who took part in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

The NYU researchers noted sharper increases in marijuana use by white, married, college-degree holders and those with an income of at least $75,000 a year.

Older women also saw a steep increase in use, although older men remain more likely to use the drug.

The researchers made no judgment about whether older adults’ increasing marijuana use is good or bad. But they noted that the physiological changes accompanying aging can include more sensitivity to psychoactive substances, so using the drug can be dangerous if the user isn’t aware of the risks.

Also important to know: Marijuana can also interact with prescription medicines in a way that may cause unwanted side effects or make them less effective.

A new pairing: hallucinogenic mushrooms and therapy Aug 25, 2025

An unorthodox combination may someday help relieve cancer patients’ depression and anxiety.

A treatment with one dose of psilocybin [sai-luh-sai-bin] — a psychedelic, natural chemical found in mushrooms — along with therapy, gave cancer patients relief from depression and anxiety for more than two years.

In the phase 2 clinical trial in Maryland, 28 patients with cancer and major depression had supervision and support from a therapist before, during and after one “trip” on a 25-milligram dose of psilocybin. The study was published in the journal Cancer.

That dose is enough to cause hallucinations and other effects, such as altered consciousness, visual distortion and deep introspective thoughts, for several hours.

Cancer is a life-threatening diagnosis. Estimates of how many cancer patients also then live with anxiety or depression, or both, range between 20 and 50%.

Of the patients in the study, 54% showed a significant reduction in their depression, as noted in clinical interviews two years later. And 50% saw a sustained reduction in their depression and were in remission. Forty-three percent of the patients reported reduced anxiety after two years.

An ongoing randomized, double-blind trial is now evaluating how two 25-milligram doses of psilocybin work against depression and anxiety versus a placebo.

The mental strain of depression and anxiety can affect how well one follows medical treatment as well as quality of life. Other studies have found that being depressed results makes dying from cancer more likely.

So, while it may feel like a throwback to the 1960s, the method may be a modern way to help cancer patients.

Eye on the Fly: What to Know About the Emerging Risk of New World Screwworm Aug 22, 2025

The New World screwworm (NWS) is forecast to reach the United States later this year. Eradicated from the country in 1966, this flesh-eating parasitic fly affects all warm-blooded mammals and animals, has the potential to cause massive harm to the livestock industry, and would cost millions, potentially billions, of dollars to eradicate again. Animal owners throughout the southern U.S. are urged to stay vigilant to identify potential cases. In this episode, Dr. Sally Denotta, UF Veterinary Medicine equine medicine specialist, and Dr. Ted Burgess, UF/IFAS veterinary entomologist, discuss the NWS, what to look for in identifying a screwworm infection and who to call if they suspect their animals or livestock may be affected.

The health cost of a hot dog, soda Aug 22, 2025

Baseball, hot dogs and apple pie. Does it get any better?

Perhaps unsurprisingly, these American summertime staples aren’t the best for your health — especially when it comes to the humble hot dog.

A study published in Nature Medicine emphasizes that there is no safe amount of processed meat to eat. In fact, nutrition experts say that the habitual eating of processed meat leads to an elevated risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease and colorectal cancer.

The cost of eating one hot dog a day is a steep one, equaling an 11% greater risk of Type 2 diabetes and a 7% increased risk of colorectal cancer compared with those who don’t eat any.

The fizzy companion of most processed meat meals is no stranger to health complications, either. Even one 12-ounce soda per day can be linked to an 8% increase in Type 2 diabetes risk.

There are several reasons why these foods are associated with health issues. Sugary beverages and processed meat, which includes bacon, salami and burgers, can increase inflammation, which plays a big part in a variety of chronic diseases.

These foods can also contain trans fatty acids, which reduce your good cholesterol and increase the bad type. This leads to the risk of plaque buildup in your arteries and heart disease.

If you’re worried about avoiding what we’ve come to know as the good stuff, there are plenty of tasty alternative options. Roasted vegetables pack a savory punch, and smoothies heavy on fruit are an easy way to visit some of the most nutrient dense tiers of the food pyramid.

An occasional hot dog won’t be the end of the world, but you might find you miss them less and less.

Muscle fixation leads some to disordered eating Aug 21, 2025

In the 1940s, comic book ads urged “97-pound weaklings” to spend 10 cents on bodybuilder Charles Atlas’ famed workout, bulk up and defend themselves against musclebound beach bullies.

Some 85 years later, it seems young men, especially, still feel intense pressure to sport a muscular physique.

A University of Westminster researcher wrote recently that a social media culture that pushes the idea of having a perfect body via exercise, diet and supplements is leading some to a new kind of disordered eating.

Muscularity oriented disordered eating, or Mode, is a set of problematic eating habits hyperfocused on building muscle. It mostly affects young men and, like anorexia or bulimia, can have serious negative consequences.

Social media produces endless “fitspiration” content, often made by those selling muscle-building supplements, diets or workouts.

Mode-disordered eating includes binging and orthorexia nervosa, a pathological focus on “healthy eating.”

One U.S. study from 2022 showed that more than 80% of male college students reported having used whey protein powders or shakes and more than 50% had used creatine monohydrate, a muscle-building supplement.

Other research estimates that between 3 and 4 million American men have used anabolic-androgenic steroids. That’s synthetic testosterone.

Not all workouts require a protein boost and not all protein supplements are good for you.

It’s a safe bet that most men who sent away for a Charles Atlas workout back in the day didn’t become bodybuilders. And likely, neither will most who guzzle protein shakes today.

Maybe the biggest threat isn’t a sand-kicking bully, but our own egos.

Llama named Winter lends antibodies Aug 20, 2025

A fluffy, long-necked cousin of the camel might be the key to protecting against SARS-like viruses. Yes, you heard that correctly.

In a new study from researchers in Belgium, a team discovered a special antibody that could help protect against a wide range of SARS coronaviruses, including variants of COVID-19.

But what makes these antibodies different? For starters, they’re tiny. And they come from llamas — specifically, one named Winter.

These llama antibodies are much smaller than human antibodies. Appropriately referred to as nanobodies, the tiny protectors pack a big punch. Instead of going after parts of the virus that constantly mutate, like the receptor binding site of a spike protein, the part of the virus that enables it to infect human cells, these nanobodies take a different approach. They latch onto a hidden, essential section at the base of the spike protein. This section is vital because the virus can’t change it without weakening itself.

One way to think about it is to consider these nanobodies like clamps. Once attached, they lock the spike protein into a closed shape, stopping the virus from fusing with and entering human cells. Thus far, they have worked in lab animals at low doses, making it difficult for a virus needing to mutate to escape. Notably, the few successful variants that did escape were less infectious.

While most antibodies are outmaneuvered by new variants, these llama-derived nanobodies might just be one step ahead. By targeting a stable, hard-to-mutate region, researchers say they offer a promising path toward long-lasting antiviral therapies.

How’s that for interspecies collaboration?

Lefties no more creative than righties, study suggests Aug 19, 2025

Much like the belief that artists must suffer for their craft, the idea that left-handed people are born brimming with more creativity than their right-handed counterparts has endured for decades. Now, a new analysis from Cornell University suggests this urban legend is just that — more myth than fact.

After analyzing over a century of studies on handedness and creativity, researchers found no solid evidence that lefties have an edge in creative thinking. In fact, in some lab tests, right-handed individuals scored slightly higher. And when researchers looked at careers that demand the most creativity, like writing, architecture and design, righties were overrepresented.

So why has the lefty-creativity link held on for so long? Well, the study points to a few likely culprits. One is what researchers call “left-handed exceptionalism,” or the idea that rare traits, like being left-handed and being a creative genius, must somehow go together.

Another is the romanticized “tortured artist” stereotype. Since the study found lefties are more likely to work in the arts and to experience conditions like depression or schizophrenia, it’s tempting to connect the dots.

But like most things that come together too easily, those faulty links are a classic case of cherry-picking, according to the study. By focusing on a handful of left-handed painters and musicians and ignoring the broader data, people draw the wrong conclusion. When you zoom out and look at many kinds of jobs, study authors said, the supposed creative advantage disappears.

The takeaway? Being left-handed doesn’t make you more creative. It just makes you, well, left-handed. And sometimes, that’s all there is to it.

Which drink is best for hydration? Aug 18, 2025

The summer sun is beating down on you as you wipe the sweat from your brow. You passed thirsty a mile ago and you’re headed straight for parched. You need liquid — fast.

Your first thought is a cool glass of water. It’s tried, true and certainly reliable. But is that your best option?

Researchers from St. Andrews University in Scotland believe otherwise.

While the study found that water, both still and sparkling, offers quick hydration, certain drinks with a slight amount of sugar, fat or protein perform a more adequate job of replenishing us for longer.

It all has to do with how our bodies digest. The more liquid you drink, the faster it empties from your stomach before being absorbed into your bloodstream.

Another aspect to consider is a beverage’s nutrient composition. In the case of milk, for example, the study found it to be more hydrating than water because it contains a sugar (lactose), protein and fat. These three elements digest slowly and lead to longer-lasting hydration, rather than the tidal wave of rapid absorption associated with drinking water.

You might be wondering how sugar-heavy drinks, like fruit juices and sodas, measure up. Yes, the sugar spends more time in your stomach compared with unmodified water, but its contents and calories don’t fill us up nearly as well. Avoid these beverages, along with alcohol, which acts as a diuretic, causing you to urinate more.

Though more sobering than a martini, caffeine has a similar impact on hydration. More than 300 milligrams of coffee could cause a short-term diuretic effect, leading to lost fluids.

So as the summer ends, consider what you choose to quench your thirst. And if you panic, a glass of water will still do the trick.

Veterinary Community Outreach Program Bridges Education and Community Service Aug 15, 2025

The University of Florida’s Veterinary Community Outreach Program provides valuable synergy between veterinary education and supporting local animal welfare. Veterinary students gain crucial hands-on surgical and medical experience while simultaneously offering services that reduce pet overpopulation, improve shelter animal health, facilitate adoptions and educate the community on responsible pet ownership. On this archived episode, Dr. Simone Guerios will discuss how the program benefits not only the students’ clinical training but also the local sheltering community.

Safe summer hikes and high heat Aug 15, 2025

Summertime is a great time to get outdoors, go hiking and explore nature. Kids are out of school and vacation season is in full swing.

But so is the heat.

High temperatures are no joke and can make any hike dangerous — even deadly. Each year, multiple people die from heat exhaustion during hikes and hundreds more are rescued.

By taking a few safety precautions to heart, you can greatly reduce your chances of injury or death when hiking in hot temperatures.

Be prepared physically. If you know will be undertaking a long, strenuous hike, be confident that you are in good enough physical shape to complete the trek. You can acclimate to the heat by taking shorter, low-impact hikes in warm weather and gradually work up to more difficult hikes in hot weather.

Hikers should also know their sweat rate, which can be determined by weighing yourself before and after a hike. Experts say you shouldn’t lose more than 2% of your body weight during a hike.

Speaking of sweating — an abundant amount of water is critical in high temperatures. A water filter and electrolytes, in the form of tablets or drinks, can also help replace salt and minerals lost from perspiration.

Hikers should wear light, loose clothing to help prevent sunburn and keep body temperatures down. Experts recommend bringing a fully charged phone, extra battery and a friend if possible.

It can be easy to underestimate just how challenging a hike can be when temperatures soar. The reward doesn’t outweigh the risk.

And don’t ignore what your instinct tells you. If you think it’s too hot to hike, turn back.

Chronic-pain relief from a bug? Aug 14, 2025

If you’ve ever swatted a fly, it’s unlikely you wondered before or after the act, “Do flies feel pain?” Scientists think they do, in a sense.

And this fact might help a species that doesn’t sport wings — humans.

Australian researchers discovered that fruit flies that have lost a leg begin to behave as if they are suffering pain. Injured flies will jump frantically off surfaces that wouldn’t normally trigger their escape response.

This behavior shows the fly sensing and avoiding what it perceives as stimuli that can be dangerous. Researchers say it mimics a state of chronic pain.

It isn’t the exact equivalent of human pain. But it’s close.

The heightened escape response even occurred when scientists stimulated the opposite, healthy leg. That made scientists think the fly’s chronic pain response was tied to their central nervous system, not the site of the injury. This, too, is true in humans.

Researchers discovered that the injury triggered the death of cells in the fly’s nervous system that worked to keep the insect’s pain responses in check. They learned that if they kept these specialized cells alive, the flies did not develop this chronic pain-mimicking response.

The biological mechanisms involved in a fly’s chronic pain are similar to those seen in humans. Scientists think that compounds and proteins involved in producing the fruit fly’s response might someday be used to alleviate suffering in people.

Which, when you think about it, is pretty good work for an insect that tends to spend most of its time investigating the clump of bananas you forgot about on your kitchen counter.

Intermittent fasting, calorie counting yield similar results Aug 13, 2025

Some people swear by the keto diet. Others can’t make it past lunchtime without a carb-heavy snack. We know weight loss is far from a one-size-fits-all approach. Now, a new review of nearly 100 clinical trials is evaluating how certain methods measure up against each other.

Of note? Intermittent fasting, where you eat within a specific window of time, might work just as well as traditional calorie counting.

Researchers looked at data from more than 6,500 adults and found that all forms of intermittent fasting, like time-restricted eating, whole-day fasting and alternate-day fasting, led to small drops in weight and corresponding improvements in heart health markers. But one method stood out: alternate-day fasting.

This approach, which involves fasting every other day, showed slightly better weight loss results than both standard calorie restriction and other fasting methods.

Still, there’s a catch. Even the best-performing diets didn’t quite hit the minimum threshold for “clinically important” weight loss, which the study defined as about 4.4 pounds. And when it came to other health markers like blood sugar or “good” cholesterol, no clear winner emerged.

What’s more, most trials were short, about 12 weeks on average, and varied widely in quality. So, while the early results are promising, they’re not definitive.

The take home? Yes, intermittent fasting might work just as well as counting calories, and alternate-day fasting could offer a slight edge. But don’t ditch your diet just yet. The best plan is still the one you can stick with … and one that supports sustainable change.

Many Americans are exhausted even before day begins Aug 12, 2025

A new survey of Americans reveals that a third of us are exhausted even after rolling out of bed in the morning. By lunch, the average person’s energy levels begin to rapidly fade.

In a sense, their workday ends hours before they leave the workplace.

Physicians worry that the continual grind of life in the computer age, with its endless electronic distractions and duties, takes a cumulative toll on the body. If we don’t spend time winding down and relaxing effectively, the stress builds and can adversely affect our health.

The representative survey of 2,000 Americans by Talker Research, a market research firm, shows about half report they feel wiped even after a day off.

How respondents try to combat that midday energy drain is instructive. A quarter of those whose energy is spent by noon turn to caffeine. Another 15% turn up the music on their earbuds. Surprisingly, about the same number sneak off for a nap.

Indeed, a quarter of those polled believe that a minor change in habit, such as drinking more water, can rejuvenate them.

The experts insist that maintaining our energy stores requires we actively seek out what works best to keep us energized. Hydration, better quality sleep and meaningful downtime can, for example, make a significant impact.

The poll also shows that many Americans blame their fatigue on endless household chores, financial woes, bad weather and dull social interactions.

It doesn’t hurt if you love your work. Boredom or lack of enthusiasm is an energy vampire. Happy people, science has shown, live healthier and longer lives.

Cortisone shots for arthritic knees may cause damage Aug 11, 2025

Anyone who’s struggled to stand up straight after a long car ride or felt restless while sitting through a movie knows that arthritic knees are no fun.

And while more than 10% of knee arthritis patients get cortisone or other shots to relieve the pain, a new study suggests the practice may be linked to faster joint damage in the long run.

Researchers from the University of California, San Francisco, analyzed data from more than 200 patients who were part of the Osteoarthritis Initiative, a project that tracked Americans with knee problems from 2004 to 2015.

The team used detailed MRI scans to assess knee-joint health. They evaluated images from two years before injections, at the time of injections and two years after.

Then, they performed a comprehensive assessment of cartilage, bone marrow, meniscus, ligaments and fluid buildup.

Researchers found that patients who received cortisone shots showed more signs of arthritis progression compared with those who either got no treatment at all or a different type of injection.

Meanwhile, patients who got hyaluronic acid injections — a gel-like lubricant for joints — avoided signs of worsening arthritis and showed less disease progression on MRI scans.

The researchers made clear, however, that the findings do not prove steroid injections cause arthritis to progress faster. Their study was observational and could not account for all differences between patients. Still, the results raise important questions.

Current guidelines call for cortisone shots for short-term pain relief and advise against the routine use of hyaluronic acid injections.

Next steps, as they say: Before you go for the needle, talk to your doctor.

Pet Pain Decoded: How to Tell When Your Pet is Hurting Aug 08, 2025

Has your pet shown abnormal behavior lately, such as hiding or growling? Our animals can’t tell us when they’re hurting and assessing pain in our pets can be difficult. It’s important that pet owners are in tune with any changes in behavior, including the way your pet stands, walks or even looks at you. On this archived show, Dr. Elizabeth Maxwell, a surgical oncology specialist, will discuss why pain assessment is so important, why contacting your veterinarian is critical if you suspect your pet is in pain and different methods of pain management.

The life-extending benefits of black coffee Aug 08, 2025

There are those who live to drink coffee, and those who drink coffee to live. Now, a new study suggests that a cup of joe could be doing more than just jumpstarting the day — it could be extending your life.

Adults who drank one to three cups of caffeinated coffee per day had between a 14% to 17% lower risk of dying early, compared with those who skipped coffee entirely.

The study analyzed data from 46,000 adults ages 20 years and older, and categorized consumption based on preferences like whether participants drank their coffee black or added cream and sugar.

Notably, the strongest benefits showed up in those who drank their coffee black or with only small amounts of cream or sugar. When people added large quantities of those tasty extras to their coffee, the longevity benefits disappeared. Additionally, those who drank more than three cups of black coffee per day did not see the same lower mortality risk, especially when it came to heart disease.

With nearly half of Americans reporting that they drink at least one cup of coffee per day, understanding how it impacts our health is important, according to the study. Researchers also pointed out that the health benefits of black coffee are likely derived from the drink’s naturally occurring bioactive compounds.

The study emphasizes that while coffee does convey health benefits, how the coffee is prepared and how much you consume is heavily associated with how much you could profit.

So if coffee is already part of your morning routine, consider keeping it simple. A little less cream and sugar today might mean a few more years to enjoy coffee tomorrow.

Less cheese, better dreams? Aug 07, 2025

There are plenty of old wives’ tales about food before bed. What to eat, what not to eat and whether you should eat all. Now, a new study from researchers in Canada is adding a point against eating cheese just ahead of going to sleep.

The team of scientists studied how diets influence our dreams. In a study that included more than 1,000 participants, 40% reported that certain foods impacted their sleep. One of the standout culprits? Cheese.

The dairy product was associated with some not-so-gouda effects. Specifically, cheese consumption was linked to folks reporting more nightmares than sweet dreams, especially if a participant was lactose intolerant.

Why? Well, it all comes down to digestion.

Cheese is challenging to break down. The amount of fat and protein each morsel of muenster contains means its journey through the digestive tract is slow. At night, we are also not well equipped to digest food. Sleep is an activity that requires your body’s attention in full to achieve its list of hearty benefits. Add in some complicated digestion to the mix, and the focus becomes split between two areas. This affects your sleep quality … and what you get out of it.

Notably, cheese isn’t the only dairy product to impact our sleep. A warm glass of milk before bed can have a benefit. It is easier to digest than cheese, and it possesses the amino acid tryptophan, which helps promote solid shut-eye.

Generally, sleep experts recommend avoiding meals at least two hours before bed. And, if you are lactose intolerant, reconsider dairy consumption of any kind before you hit the hay — it’ll save you the nightmare of a late-night trip to the bathroom.

Obese cats tell a tale Aug 06, 2025

Who knew a bunch of fat cats could teach us so much?

These chunky cats, however, might just help us shed the pounds.

Got an obese cat? You aren’t alone in overindulging your pet. Six out of 10 cats in the U.S. are overweight. Cats don’t know better. Their humans feed them, after all, and have their own problems walking by the food bowl without stopping.

Researchers at The Ohio State University recently found that dieting cats undergo a significant change in the populations of bacteria in their gut. In fact, it’s thought to be like what happens in their people.

Now, it’s important to understand that a cat just doesn’t step on a scale or look in the mirror and decide they need to trim down to fit into that old collar they wore during their lean, stray years.

No, researchers put a group of the overweight, wannabe tigers on a calorie-restricted diet.

The cats dieted in phases for 12 weeks. Investigators tested the kitty litter poop to find out what bacteria live in their gut.

They found increased levels of a short-chain fatty acid that, in other mammals, is known to regulate appetite and reduce fat. It also offers protection against diabetes and obesity. As levels of the fatty acid rose, so too did levels of a certain bacteria linked to weight loss.

This work suggests the human gut might also be altered with therapeutics in overweight individuals. One idea is that probiotics might be found to help. Scientists are studying the question.

Now, don’t be fooled. If your cat insists on extra treats in the name of science — she’s probably just pulling your paw.

Socializing feral kittens: it’s all about timing Aug 05, 2025

A position statement from the Feline Veterinary Medical Association has explained why some feral kittens respond to socialization better than others.

Strong cat-human bonds are usually forged when kittens are socialized before a certain age. For companion kittens — that is, kittens already used to some human contact — that’s before nine weeks of age. If these kittens don’t have positive interactions with people before then, they may be afraid of humans for the rest of their lives.

When it comes to feral kittens that aren’t used to any human contact, attempted socialization is not recommended after four months of age because of the likely emotional distress. Instead, the association recommends using a trap-neuter-release process, where kittens are captured, neutered and returned outdoors.

Can we fight infections without antibiotics? Aug 05, 2025

With antibiotic resistance growing all the time, researchers are looking for alternatives to fight infections — in people and animals, too. They just may have found some hope in a molecule made by pigs.

Swine dysentery is a bacterial infection that causes serious clinical signs and death in growing pigs. There’s no preventative vaccine — only antibiotics to treat the disease.

After years of analysis, researchers found that pigs that produce more of an immune defense peptide called pBD-5 were less likely to get sick from the bacteria. After the researchers created pBD-5 in the lab, they showed that the synthetic version also inhibited bacterial growth.

In pigs, at least, this discovery may help to boost immunity to fight infections, without having to rely on antibiotics.

Catching up with cataracts in dogs and cats Aug 05, 2025

A cataract is a clouding of the eye lens that, although not inherently painful, can lead to bigger issues.

An early cataract is often just an incidental finding on your pet’s veterinary exam — like a pinpoint lesion that’s not causing a problem. However, cataracts grow to involve more of the lens, causing a progressive loss of vision. Cataracts can cause other problems too, like increased pressure or inflammation in the eye, which can be painful.

The most common causes of canine cataracts are hereditary disease and diabetes. In cats, chronic intraocular inflammation is most often to blame.

Other problems can cause the eye to appear cloudy, and any of them warrant a veterinary visit. Treatment is available, but it’s most effective sooner versus later.

Pet care plans become employee perk Aug 05, 2025

In the world of competitive employee benefits packages, pet care has become a valuable perk.

With 70% of U.S. workers being pet parents, pet care costs can take a significant bite out of wages. Balancing work with pet care can also be stressful and adversely impact employee productivity. Now, an increasing number of companies are taking note and offering pet-related benefits and pet-friendly work policies.

These days, employee benefit packages may include pet insurance or stipends to apply toward pet food, supplies or day care costs. And some companies have created pet-friendly environments so employees can bring their fur babies to work. Flexible work hours and increased remote time can also help employees balance work and pet care responsibilities.

Urban peregrine falcons are thriving Aug 05, 2025

Peregrine [peh·ruh·gruhn] falcons are one of nature’s marvels. Achieving speeds of at least 200 miles per hour in a hunting dive, they’re the world’s fastest birds. They’ve also learned to thrive in cities, making nests high on bridges and buildings.

Decades ago, their numbers were decimated by pesticides, and now they’re in another struggle.

This time, the culprit is avian flu. Peregrines hunt other birds, and along the coasts, those include ducks, geese and other waterfowl — the birds most often infected with avian flu. Ironically, while coastal populations of peregrines are declining, their urban brethren that live on songbirds and pigeons are faring much better.

In fact, New York City, with its 30 nesting pairs, may now have the world’s most concentrated population of peregrine falcons.

With young wildlife, hands-off is best approach Aug 05, 2025

In our well-meaning attempts to help wildlife, we often do more harm than good — like when we try to rescue what we assume are abandoned offspring. Most of these animals aren’t abandoned at all.

Many wild animals leave their young alone for relatively long periods as they search for food. For example, cottontail rabbits and deer may check in with their young only every 12 hours or so. And sometimes, fledgling birds and baby squirrels fall out of their nests when their parents are away.

Wildlife parents rarely abandon healthy offspring. If you think a fledgling or another youngster has been abandoned, monitor it from afar for several hours to see if a parent returns. If an animal has an obvious injury or is still on its own, contact your veterinarian or local Fish and Wildlife office.

Equine vaccinations: the basics Aug 05, 2025

Vaccination is one of the best ways to keep your horse healthy. But which vaccinations are necessary?

Every horse needs what are called core vaccinations to protect against highly contagious and often fatal diseases. These include rabies, tetanus, West Nile virus and equine encephalitis. In contrast, risk-based vaccinations may be recommended based on location, activities and exposure risk. Some examples include vaccination against influenza, rhinopneumonitis or Strep equi [Strĕp EE-kwee].

Be sure to follow a vaccination schedule recommended by your veterinarian. Annual rabies vaccinations are the rule, while other core vaccines are generally administered twice a year. The timing of risk-based vaccinations depends in large part on your horse’s exposure risk.

Mycotoxicosis presents lethal dangers to horses Aug 05, 2025

During a single month in the spring of 2025, sixteen horses in Delaware died soon after showing neurologic signs. Testing ruled out infection, and postmortem findings pointed to a toxin. Feed analysis finally revealed the culprit: fumonisin [foo-MON-ah-sin], a fungal toxin.

Fumonisin is produced by mold growing on corn — that is, it’s a type of mycotoxin [my-koh-tock-sin]. Although mycotoxins can harm all kinds of animals, horses are among the most sensitive. Telltale damage involves softening of the brain, which causes a variety of symptoms — like head pressing, blindness and a lack of coordination — and can be fatal.

The only treatment is supportive care, so prevention is crucial. That includes buying feed guaranteed to be mycotoxin-free and storing all feed appropriately.

An innovative way to help horses with asthma Aug 05, 2025

Most horses in the U.S. have some degree of asthma and nearly 15 percent have a severe case. But now, thanks to collaboration between a medical school and a veterinary college, a specially designed equine respirator may help these horses while cutting down on their medications.

Although human respirators cover the mouth and nose, a horse needs its mouth free to graze and drink. After considering many approaches, researchers eventually designed a respirator that covers only a horse’s nose by snuggly fitting on its bridle. A flexible silicone seal keeps it in place, and a foam filter reduces the amount of dust the horse inhales.

Most horses get used to wearing the respirator all the time. That’s important, since they’re constantly exposed to particulate irritants in hay.

Recognizing the threat of H5N1 avian flu Aug 05, 2025

A recent article in a medical journal highlighted the looming threat of the H5N1 avian flu. Virologists from over 40 countries signed on, urging global leaders to increase surveillance, boost biosecurity and prepare for person-to-person transmission.

The paper’s authors cited some sobering facts. Over 995 dairy herds and at least 70 people have been infected with bird flu. Some cases have been severe and at least one person has died.

Among the suggested mitigation strategies are continuous animal and caretaker surveillance, tracking H5N1 evolution that could lead to human-to-human transmission, self-administered diagnostic testing and vaccine development.

The good news is that past pandemics have left us with many tools for preventing viruses’ spread.

How nonprofit helps animals in Indigenous communities Aug 05, 2025

Dogs are an integral part of most Native American communities, but in low-income environments, veterinary needs often run up against financial challenges. That’s when First Nations Vet steps in.

Also known as Friends of the Rez Dogs, this nonprofit group offers free exams, spay and neuter services and wellness care — like vaccinations and flea and tick preventatives — to both dogs and cats. Even microchipping is covered. In addition, First Nations partners with Fences for Fido, which sets up free fences and insulated dog houses.

Grant funding helps First Nations Vet volunteers travel to reservations, where their work prevents about 300 animal births per reservation. This reduces cases of aggression and pet surrenders due to overpopulation, benefiting both pets and people.

Ehrlichiosis: what to know to protect your dog Aug 05, 2025

Ehrlichiosis [air-leek-ee-OH-sis] is a tickborne disease, particularly affecting dogs in Southeastern and Southwestern states.

Rickettsial organisms — a genus of bacteria — spread the disease. The most common carrier is the brown dog tick, but other tick species can also be carriers.

Most dogs are diagnosed in the acute stage of disease, when they may have a fever, swollen lymph nodes, bleeding disorders or neurologic signs. From there, they may clear the infection or progress to a relatively symptom-free stage. The final stage, chronic ehrlichiosis, is associated with a wide range of serious clinical signs.

Prevention of ehrlichiosis is much easier than treatment. That’s why canine tick preventatives are crucial year-round.

Butter isn’t always better Aug 05, 2025

What’s better than butter? Well, probably a longer lifespan.

A major study tracked more than 220,000 Americans over 33 years to learn about how butter and plant-based oils impact mortality. When it came down to the age-old question of buttering or not, the results were clear.

Those who opted to consume butter saw a 15% higher chance of early death versus those who opted for plant-based oils like olive, soybean or canola oil. In fact, the oil-inclined participants even saw a 16% reduction in mortality risk.

That being said, there is some good news for butter-based bakers out there. The study did not find any correlation between using butter in baked goods and an increase in risk of mortality.

For those who like to spread a bit of butter on their bread, swapping out two teaspoons of butter for certain plant oils can reduce the risk of mortality by 17%. Olive, soybean and canola oils were linked to lower mortality risk. Corn and safflower oils did not demonstrate notable benefits.

Researchers also noted that butter intake was associated specifically with higher risk of cancer and heart disease. This could be due to saturated fats in butter increasing harmful cholesterol and promoting inflammation.

The study highlights how dietary substitutions can be important and reminds us that it’s not always about eating less of something — but considering what we might replace it with instead.

The researchers said that even cutting back on butter and adding more plant-based oils to daily diets can deliver real health benefits in the long run.

So remember: When it comes to choosing between butter and plant-based oils for your dinner rolls, it’s OK to spread the love.

Scientists discover ‘youth molecule’ Aug 04, 2025

As the story goes, Ponce de León never found the fabled Fountain of Youth. The Spanish explorer, however, didn’t have a molecular biologist on his team.

He could have used one.

That’s because a modern team of them recently found that a protein released by our muscles can reverse some age-related declines in muscle and bone. As you might expect, the protein surges during exercise.

The protein is composed of the cardiotrophin-like cytokine [Pronounced CAR-dee-oh-troh-fin-like SIGH-toh-kine] factor 1 molecule, or CLCF1. And scientists say it can help even an active 80-year-old outperform a sedentary person half their age.

The hope is that the “youth molecule” might eventually lead to treatments for age-related muscle loss and osteoporosis.

Our CLCF1 levels fall as we age. But even then, exercise can temporarily revive production to more youthful heights.

A team of South Korean scientists recently published a study in which they gave elderly mice the protein. A 20-month-old mouse, by the way, is the equivalent of an 80-year-old human. The mice were then able to regain the bone density and muscle strength of much younger members of their species.

Researchers also learned that, by blocking the protein, exercise lost its anti-aging benefits.

While this is a mouse study, researchers are confident the effects of the protein apply to humans as well. For example, just as in mice, the protein levels decline with age.

That might explain why bones and muscles become weaker as we get older. Supplementing the body’s store of this protein, however, helps counter that natural depletion over time.

Perhaps the Fountain of Youth does exist. It’s in your local gym.

Comparing and Understanding Labels: Pet Food Versus Human Food Aug 01, 2025

Pet food labeling is regulated at the federal and state levels to ensure product safety, but there are key differences in how human food and pet food are labeled, contributing to consumer confusion about what they’re really feeding their animals. On this archive episode of Animal Airwaves Live, Dr. Richard Hill, a veterinary internal medicine and nutrition specialist at the UF College of Veterinary Medicine, explains key differences in pet and human food labeling, how to understand what to look for, and what’s most important to keep in mind when choosing a pet food to ensure your dog or cat is receiving optimal nutrition to meet dietary needs.

AI falls behind human brain in key area Aug 01, 2025

Ever looked at a photo of a river and instinctively known you would be able to swim in it? Or seen a trail on your drive to work and thought, “I could walk there”? It’s a neat trick our brains do without us consciously asking them to — and one that AI struggles to emulate.

A new study from researchers in Amsterdam shows that our brains automatically recognize “affordances,” a term used to describe opportunities for action, when we look at scenes in the world around us. Common ways this manifests might include the knowledge of climbing stairs or cycling down a path, or even being aware when you should not move forward.

Using MRI scans, researchers tracked brain activity while participants viewed photos of various settings, like mountain trails and city streets. Then, they pressed buttons to indicate how they thought they could move through each scene. Even without explicit instruction to think about moving, participants’ brains still lit up in ways that suggested they were evaluating different possibilities of action.

Specifically, parts of the visual cortex activated based not only on what the participant saw, but what they could envision doing. So, while you’re looking at that forest trail, your brain is already considering your next step — literally.

The kicker? Researchers also tested how well AI models performed at the same test. The result? Not great. While AI could label objects, it struggled to “see” what humans see: action, movement, potential.

Why does this matter? Well, as we build AI for real-world tasks, like disaster-response robots or self-driving cars, understanding how we move through space has the potential to make systems more efficient … and more like how a human would behave.

It’s July, time to review UV safety Jul 31, 2025

July is the peak of the heat. The month brings the scorching “dog days” of summer, a season of perspiration.

When most of the northern hemisphere isn’t taking refuge in air-conditioned places, it’s a time many of us spend outdoors, at barbecues, pool parties or trips to the beach.

Hence this reminder that July is also UV Safety Month.

Ultraviolet rays cause most skin cancers. Groups like the American Academy of Dermatology and the American Cancer Society offer plenty of tips for protecting yourself from the sun’s penetrating rays.

First, the basics: Find the shade and stay in it when you can. Wear clothing that protects you from the sun and liberally apply a broad-spectrum water-resistant sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more. And reapply as the manufacturer’s instructions suggest.

There’s more to it than that, of course.

Know that the sun’s UV rays are strongest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.

If you’re in or on the water, sand or snow, the sun’s rays will be reflected and more intense. Protect your eyes with UV-blocking sunglasses and wear UV-blocking clothing. Rule of thumb: If you can see through a garment, it’s too sheer to protect you. For those with the fairest complexions who are most vulnerable to the sun, some companies make clothing that’s both comfortable and protective.

Even on a cloudy day, UV rays still cause problems. Watch for forecasts that include a UV index. In general, the higher the number, the more caution you need to take.

So, get your sun-protection game in order this month and get through summer safely. And don’t forget to put sunscreen on your ears. They burn, too.

Watch out for sleep-deprived teen drivers Jul 30, 2025

The next time you curse out the driver who cut you off or mutter expletives at the speed demon next to you, consider the fact that the driver might be a sleepy teen.

A National Sleep Foundation study found that the large number of teens who drive while tired poses a serious health concern.

The study surveyed U.S. teens ages 13 to 17 to assess the prevalence, frequency and perceived risk of drowsy driving. They were asked if they had driven while so tired they struggled to keep their eyes open and how often. They were also asked about their beliefs on drowsy driving and what prevented them from getting the necessary sleep to stay alert.

The study found that 1 in 6 teen drivers reported having driven while drowsy and estimated that over 400,000 teens drive drowsy at least once a week. Those with paying jobs were twice as likely to admit to drowsy driving compared with teens who didn’t work.

The study also found that 95% of teens agree that drowsy driving is risky, but they ranked it as having the lowest risk of death or serious injury behind drunken, drugged and distracted driving. In reality, drowsy driving accounts for a large portion of crashes. The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety found that 21% of fatal crashes involve a drowsy driver.

Study participants blamed work and school schedules for their lack of sleep. Researchers found that these time demands mean about 1.7 million teens have driven droopy-eyed and are at greater risk for drowsy driving-related consequences.

Vehicle crashes are the second leading cause of death among U.S. teens, but accidents caused by drowsy driving are preventable.

Before your teen hits the road, make sure they hit the hay.

A Mediterranean berry shows promise for calming gut inflammation Jul 29, 2025

Ulcerative colitis is one of those chronic conditions that doesn’t just cause discomfort — it can deeply disrupt daily life, with symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea and weight loss.

Now, scientists may have found a surprising potential ally in the fight: the strawberry tree, a traditional Mediterranean plant more commonly known for its fruit than its medicinal power.

In a recent study, researchers gave lab rats an extract made from strawberry tree fruit (likely not the strawberries you’re used to picturing) and found that it significantly protected against a form of colitis, that, for the purposes of the study, mimicked the sort found in people. The extract didn’t just reduce visible damage to the colon; it also lowered inflammation and preserved antioxidant enzyme levels. In short, the rats were in better shape after treatment, especially at higher doses.

Initially, researchers put rats into groups, with some receiving different doses of the plant extract and others getting a common anti-inflammatory drug. A third group just water. Those treated with the highest dose of extract saw nearly the same protection as the drug-treated group — 80% versus 75%.

And it wasn’t just about markers of inflammation. The extract also helped maintain the colon’s antioxidant defenses and reduced signs of oxidative stress.

But before you rush to brew strawberry tree tea, it’s worth noting that researchers intend to study this extract in people, too. More research is needed before we can say if this fruit has a future on the pharmacy shelf. For now, it’s a promising start — with a lot left to learn.

Stepping up to a longer life Jul 28, 2025

Walking up a flight of stairs won’t just get you to the second floor. It might also help get you to your golden years.

The elevator apparently doesn’t stop on that floor.

It’s not surprising that such exercise is healthy. Carrying the groceries up to a third-floor apartment might not sound like a workout at the gym. But taking the stairs works the leg muscles intensively and gets the heart beating faster. And walking up a staircase can be a more convenient way to fit some physical activity into a busy day.

British scientists recently decided to see just how much of a health benefit stair-steppers enjoy. The degree of the boost to the heart in particular raised investigators’ eyebrows.

They analyzed health data from 480,000 adults from their mid-30s into their 80s. The study found that those who habitually climbed stairs were almost 40% less likely to die of heart disease compared with folks who didn’t regularly do so. The risk of dying from any cause was also reduced by 24%.

This was an observational study. So, scientists warn about drawing any conclusions of cause and effect.

One of the study’s authors says the type of movement required to walk up stairs takes nearly 10 times more energy than sitting. Overcoming gravity, they say, is no easy feat. Ask any Saturn Five rocket.

Other exercises like swimming, rowing and bicycling, done vigorously, can probably achieve the same result, the study says. As always, check with a doctor before beginning a new exercise regimen, especially if you face health challenges.

So, don’t pass a stairway by. Save the elevator for the Empire State Building’s observation deck.

Paw-sitive Preparedness: Tips for Animal Disaster Preparedness from UF VETS Jul 25, 2025

With hurricane season in full swing, Dr. Larry Garcia, Clinical Associate Professor and Medical Director of UF’s Veterinary Emergency Treatment Service (VETS), is roaring the readiness alert on disaster preparedness and the importance of planning for the safety of pets before disaster strikes. Every tail, paw, hoof and claw deserves a disaster plan that includes evacuation plans, pet-friendly shelters, an emergency evacuation kit and more. Under Garcia, the UF VETS team is composed of experienced professionals who provide disaster response and animal technical rescue in the face of emergencies like hurricanes, disease outbreaks and more. When a state of emergency knocks, UF VETS doesn’t just answer – they show up for our agricultural and animal companions with the boots, brains, skills and strategic expertise to deliver critical logistical support and mutual aid.

Nutrition could make or break sleep quality Jul 25, 2025

Are you feeling sleepy today? Already on your second cup of coffee and still fighting a yawn? You may be inclined to think it stems from tossing and turning on your pillow for hours, but others are beginning to believe that a good night’s sleep begins first thing in the morning … during breakfast.

Foods with the right nutrients can help you fall asleep and stay asleep throughout the night, allowing you to wake up refreshed and ready to start your day.

As with many other health-related problems, the solution is eating your fruits and vegetables. That’s right — research indicates a balanced, whole-food diet is the most conducive for deep, restful sleep. That means fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fiber and protein. And the lower in saturated fat, the better.

Legumes such as chickpeas, lentils, tofu, nuts, seeds and beans, which are all good sources of the amino acid tryptophan (trip-toe-fan), benefit you as well. You’ve likely heard of melatonin, key player in falling asleep, you’ll be interested to know that its production relies on tryptophan.

And there’s no shortcuts here: As a supplement, melatonin doesn’t necessarily provide the right dosage to optimize your sleep. Like most naturally occurring vitamins, nutrients work best when paired together, and supplements often supply the nutrients by themselves.

If you’re feeling overwhelmed, take a breath. You don’t need a massive overhaul of your life to sleep better. Small changes geared toward a healthier life are often additive. Adjusting one meal here and another snack there can make a great difference … one night of sleep at a time.

Sitting at work is healthier than sitting at home Jul 24, 2025

You might want to sit down for this. It turns out, while too much sitting can be bad for your health, not all kinds of sitting are equal.

How’s that? We’ve all been told that sitting too long raises the risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems. But research suggests that leisure-time sitting has a greater risk of heart disease than sitting at work.

For more than eight years, Columbia University researchers followed nearly 4,000 people who reported how much time they spent sitting at home and how much they sat at work. They also reported how much time they spent exercising each week.

Those who watched TV for four or more hours a day had a 50% greater risk of heart problems and death compared with those who spent less than two hours a day in front of the TV. But those who sat the most at work had the same health risks as those who sat the least.

The difference appears to be what you do when you’re not sitting. Even moderate exercise like walking cut the risk of heart attacks and strokes for those who spent the most time sitting around at home. And those who exercised the recommended 150 minutes or more each week had no greater health risks even if they were glued to the tube for four or more hours a day.

The researchers said it could be that people who watch TV for hours rarely get up, while those at work move around more. Any kind of exercise, even walking around at work, is beneficial.

As for those workers who can’t get up and stretch, like truck drivers, the key may be to offset those down hours with as much physical activity as possible. What you do outside of work may be what really counts.

Morning showers are better. And here’s why. Jul 23, 2025

It takes a microbiologist to answer this one. For good hygiene and health, what is better, showering in the morning or the evening?

Think there isn’t a difference? Not according to science.

Primrose Freestone, a clinical microbiologist from Great Britain, notes in a recent online essay published on the website, The Conversation, that mornings are best for keeping squeaky clean. You can try to “wash the day away” right before bed as a coping mechanism for a stressful day.

But Freestone says you’ll wake up a little less clean.

First off, a shower is never a bad thing. Take one at 7 a.m. or midnight or any other hour. Whatever the time, you’ll wash dirt and oil from your skin. And that will help prevent skin rashes and infections, reduce sweat and keep body odor at bay.

Freestone notes that odor isn’t actually caused by sweat. She says sweat is actually odorless. The real culprit is the bacteria on our skin.

Showering at bedtime won’t do anything for any sweating during sleep. Whether it’s hot or cold, humans do this. We can’t help it. So, even if you’re freshly showered, skin microbes are going to digest that sweat and cause body odor.

You also leave microbes on the bedsheets. Unless you are changing the sheets each night, that compounds the problem, especially as it accumulates over several nights.

A morning shower, by contrast, washes away the sweat and bacteria you’ve slept with.

Is it the end of the world if you keep to a nocturnal wash? No, of course not. But Freestone suggests regularly changing the bed linen regardless of your routine.

Either that, or take two showers a day.

Onion-like particles from jet engines might endanger health near airports Jul 22, 2025

Scientists have discovered a nanoparticle produced by jet engines that could be endangering human health. The pollutant reminds some researchers of an onion.

An international team of investigators discovered “onion-like” particles in aircraft jet exhaust while testing engines in Switzerland. Experts have long known that soot particles are produced by aircraft, typically found in higher concentrations closer to the engine.

But more than 15 meters from the engine, or just under 50 feet, about 99% of exhaust is composed of these never-before-seen particles. That means they’re a greater respiratory hazard for neighborhoods around airports.

Why does the study compare the particles to onions? That’s what they look like under an electron microscope. Investigators say they have concentric circular internal structure, resembling the layers of an onion.

And they’re small — 10 to 20 nanometers. That’s the size of a molecule or virus. So they can become deeply embedded in the lungs and potentially pass into the bloodstream.

The study says the particles appear to be created by a jet engine’s lubrication oil as it evaporates and decomposes in high temperatures. Their concentration varies with the type of engine.

It’s all cause for concern when it comes to public health policy and airport management, especially with the global growth of air travel. We already know that those living near airports have a higher risk of respiratory problems.

Even so, the health impact of the new particles is yet to be studied. Scientists, however, believe they might already contribute to health ills.

Pollution, after all, is rarely, if ever, harmless.

Lower back pain meets a natural remedy Jul 21, 2025

About 16 million Americans deal with chronic back pain issues, a whopping 8% of the population. And a staggering 65 million report dealing with some kind of lower back discomfort in particular, meaning you more than likely know someone who grumbles about the pitfalls of having a spine.

In short: Lower back aches can be a real pain. But a simple solution might lie just outside your front door.

In a new study from the University of Plymouth, people who suffer from chronic lower back pain were asked whether nature has any impact on helping them manage their condition. Those who spent time in nature reported positive impacts in their ability to handle back pain.

Participants reported a wide variety of reasons as to why being out in nature led to some relief. For many people, just going outside provided them with an avenue for social interaction. It also offered a level of escapism and distraction from their pain that they could not get at home. Additionally, being out in fresh air or around water helped give participants a sense of calm, relieving some of the stress their pain triggered.

Ultimately, the researchers recommend both providers and people who suffer from lower back pain consider how nature can play a positive role in their wellness journey. The team also plans to explore how virtual reality can be used to gain some of the benefits of being in nature for those unable to easily access the outdoors.

For those dealing with lower back pain, strolling through the forest may seem like a monumental task. But it might be less of a pain (in the back) than sitting at home.

Lab Results Unleashed: Why Laboratory Testing Matters to Pet Health Jul 18, 2025

Although a clinical pathologist’s role is primarily behind the scenes, bloodwork and general lab testing are critical for disease diagnosis and prevention in pets. When you visit the veterinarian, chances are you’ll be asked to have samples taken from your pet’s blood, urine and stool to assess his or her health status. Dr. Chris Lanier, a board-certified veterinary clinical pathologist, will discuss the types of tests that typically take place in veterinary clinical pathology, and what they mean to you and your pet.

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