The Peter McCormack Show

Latest Episodes:

1000 Years of Inflation with Rune Østgård - WBD658 May 15, 2023

Show notes

Rune Østgård is the Author of 'Fraudcoin: 1000 Years with Inflation as a Policy'. In this interview, we discuss inflation's historical introduction and use as an exploitative tool by elites and how, in various phases of history (most recently, the early 20th century), inflation was not viewed as a required economic phenomenon. To Rune, there is no more important subject to understand than inflation.

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In the 1700s, Scottish philosopher and economist Adam Smith was the first to use the term "inflation" in his book, "The Wealth of Nations." Smith argued that inflation resulted from an increase in the amount of money in circulation, which caused goods and services to be more expensive.

But inflation is not a modern phenomenon. It has been in existence for centuries. And historical analysis shows that it has been used as an exploitative tool by elites throughout the ages. Rune Ostgard has traced the use of inflation back to its use in his home country of Norway in 1050 AD, its use by a tyrant King, and its role in the effective ending of the Viking era.

Rune states that it is this historical knowledge that shows firstly how ruinous inflation can be and, secondly, why it is not an inevitable or necessary feature of economic systems. Famously during the 19th century, there was a sustained period when deflationary growth occurred in the United States.

And yet, for the past 100 years, we have been conditioned to accept inflation as an essential economic driver. Its insidious nature has been hidden by a period of low rates of inflation. Now, however, with inflation rising to double-digit levels across many parts of the world, its destructive compounding impacts are more apparent.

We are now, therefore, at a time when it is necessary to question inflations societal value and whether there are other ways of managing our economies. Whilst Bitcoiners have a viable future mapped out, Bitcoin is still viewed by many with suspicion. But, as the fiat system continues to unravel, the value of Bitcoin becomes ever more easy to explain.

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How Fedimint Scales Bitcoin with Obi Nwosu - WBD657 May 12, 2023

Show notes

Obi Nwosu is a co-founder of Fedimint and a board member of Jack Dorsey's and Jay-Z's ₿trust. In this interview, we discuss the mission of Fedimint: empowering communities around the world by allowing them to take control of their money. We also talk about the importance of trust models in relation to storing Bitcoin in Fedimint.

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It's hard to believe that Fedimint is only 2 years old. Its development is a regular topic of exciting conversation within the community. It is one of a number of important projects that are leading many to believe we're on the cusp of a wave of innovation within Bitcoin: Blockstream Developer Neigut expects there will be a 'Cambrian Explosion' of Bitcoin Layer 2 Protocols in the future.

Obi Nwosu came back to provide some valuable demonstrations of how Fedimint will work in practice. Lightning transactions, encrypted chat and offline payments are just an example of the developments that the Fedi team have been working on bringing to the Fedimint protocol. All of these back and reinforce the Chaumian mint functionality and multisig custody solution on which Fedimint is predicated.

It is now garnering interest from those looking to use it in anger, with a number of Beta applications being tested. Once officially launched, it has the potential to democratise access to financial systems for millions of communities, providing efficiencies and cost savings currently out of reach. Further, it can make the Lightning Network more efficient whilst opening up access to Bitcoin.

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A Philosophical Case for Bitcoin with Bradley Rettler - WBD656 May 10, 2023

Show notes

Bradley Rettler is an Associate Professor of Philosophy, and a member of the Resistance Money, a philosophy research collective focused on Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss the potential ethical implications of AI, philosophical reflections on money creation and governance, the importance of financial literacy, and combating misinformation about Bitcoin.

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One of the important groups to emerge within the Bitcoin community over the past few years has been the philosophers studying Bitcoin, led by members of the Resistance Money collective: Andrew Bailey, Bradley Rettle and Craig Warmke (with Troy Cross as an honorary member). They have added academic weight to the consideration of the importance of Bitcoin in the context of fundamental questions regarding money's role in society.

The Resistance Money collective has been examining Bitcoin from various angles. In the episode, Bradley discusses moral dilemmas posed by a material global transition to this new form of money: the transfer of wealth, energy consumption impacts, the acceptance of privacy for bad and good, and usage by enemies. In addition, considerations about the benefits provided by fiat currency that could be lost: e.g. is there a useful societal function provided by money printing?

But this is where philosophical tools are extremely useful. In a previous episode, Craig Warmke explained the usefulness of the 'veil of ignorance' thought experiment, where one assumes they have no knowledge of what position in society they would have, and, from this position, they then determine what monetary system would best serve society for the great good. It is this perspective that is used to establish the Resistence Money thesis on Bitcoin.

In a scenario where you could fall into any position in society, it would obviously be better that Bitcoin existed. It is the philosophical equivalent of checking your privilege. Whilst Bitcoin's potential impact on society is complex and uneven, it is far easier to understand how Bitcoin acts to mitigate global inequality and inequity when assuming a scenario where you need it and it doesn't exist.

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Busting the GBTC Trust with David Bailey - WBD655 May 08, 2023

Show notes

David Bailey is the co-founder & CEO of BTC Inc. In this interview, we discuss the upcoming Bitcoin Conference in Miami, the ongoing saga with Genesis, Grayscale & DCG, as well as the Redeem GBTC campaign that David has been spearheading.

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Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) is a trust product offered by Grayscale, a company owned by Digital Currency Group (DCG). GBTC allows investors to gain exposure to Bitcoin through more traditional investment channels, and currently, Grayscale manages approximately $18.1 billion across various funds.

However, Grayscale is facing some significant issues. Since early 2021, GBTC has been trading below its net asset value (NAV) at a discount rate of around -36%. GBTC holders are unable to redeem their shares for the underlying asset and must accept this discount if they want to sell their shares on the open market.

To address this, David Bailey has set up the Redeem GBTC campaign to push Grayscale to open withdrawals and allow GBTC holders to access the underlying Bitcoin with minimal impact on the Bitcoin market. Allowing redemptions could also potentially bring the heavy discount to NAV back closer to par.

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Gold, Bitcoin & Inflation with Lawrence Lepard - WBD654 May 05, 2023

Show notes

Lawrence Lepard is an Investment Manager and Austrian Economist. In this interview, we discuss gold and Bitcoin, comparing their relative benefits as assets over short and long time scales. We also discuss inflation, the potential threats to Bitcoin, inequality in society, and the challenges of finding credible leaders in politics.

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As the world grapples with an uncertain financial future, it's becoming increasingly important to diversify your investment portfolio. The two obvious assets designed to weather the coming economic storms are Bitcoin and gold. Whilst the relationship between gold bugs and Bitcoiners has been adversarial over the years, the two assets are two sides of the same coin.

There are important differences between the two: Bitcoin is digital gold, which enables it to be used in ways beyond the capacity of gold; but gold has a 5,000-year head start on Bitcoin, and can therefore provide less volatility in the short to medium term. But, the primary demand for both as a store of value is predicated on the same thesis of limited supply. They both, therefore, serve as a hedge against inflation.

In essence, the investors in both assets are well aligned in terms of their concerns about the global economic system. Goldbugs and Bitcoiners understand the value in sound money, and the risks posed by the current fiat system. Rather than being suspicious of each other, there is much to be said about orange-pilling gold bugs, and similarly, Bitcoiners being open to investing in gold.

The big picture is that both gold and Bitcoin present a risk to the current economic system. It is likely that they will both be subject to attacks and controls by those seeking to reinforce the current system, as the cracks and fissures widen. Any meaningful divisions can and will be exploited: divide and conquer is a military tactic as old as politics and war. We, therefore, need alliances. Lawrence Lepard is one of those seeking to build a bridge between the two groups.

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Escaping Hyperinflation in a Rolls Royce with Freddie New - WBD653 May 03, 2023

Show notes

Freddie New is the Head of Policy at Bitcoin Policy UK. In this interview, we discuss how his childhood experiences living in Zimbabwe and Syria have shaped his understanding of Bitcoin's unique properties. We also discuss his amazing efforts in setting up Bitcoin Policy UK, a new and much-needed advocacy group promoting Bitcoin to policymakers and the wider public in the United Kingdom.

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Danny and I have been very fortunate to travel to a vast array of countries in making this show. In the process, I have been exposed to ideas and experiences that reinforce the importance of Bitcoin. But what strikes me the hardest is coming back to the UK. There is a general lack of interest and consideration for this innovation. It's an attitude that borders on outright suspicion and derision on occasions.

Freddie New is one of the main people behind a new advocacy group: Bitcoin Policy UK. It is a lobbying and educational non-profit that the UK has been in desperate need of. This speaks to the difficulties of getting funding for such initiatives more than anything else. But, as the Bitcoin Policy Institute and Coin Centre attest, it's about getting the right people to work in such organisations.

Freddie is such a person. Whilst he speaks like a typical London professional (which can open many doors in the UK!), his experiences in growing up and escaping Zimbabwe were anything like the typical insular upbringing of many in the UK. At an early age, Freddie was forced to acquire valuable education on the importance of the properties that Bitcoin provides. It is a story that makes you catch your breath.

Bitcoin advocacy is about looking beyond the investment potential of the Bitcoin asset and expressing its value as a technology that can protect people. Advocacy needs to be authoritative and tell powerful stories to persuade people who are blind to the economic transition coming down the road. Having someone who can eloquently attest to the need to have means to protect sovereign wealth could be the lightning rod for Bitcoin advocacy in the UK.

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WBD Live in Bedford with Jeff Booth, James Lavish, Lawrence Lepard & Ben Arc - WBD652 May 01, 2023

Show notes

On the 14th of April What Bitcoin Did hosted a live show in Bedford. The guests were the founder of LNBits Ben Arc, CEO/Chairman of Ego Death Capital Jeff Booth, Investment Manager Lawrence Lepard and Macro analyst James Lavish. Across these interviews, we discussed Nostr, censorship-resistant marketplaces, hyperinflation, debt, deflationary economics, Bitcoin and AI.

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I have taken the What Bitcoin Did podcast all around the world: across the United States, South America and Europe. However, I have always dreamed of hosting a live event in my home town. Never would I have believed that I could have been lucky enough to have 4 of the best voices within the community come to the inaugural What Bitcoin Did Live in Bedford event.

The show covered the main issues affecting not only the Bitcoin community at the moment, but the wider economic and social landscape. We discuss the development of the decentralized censorship-resistant social media network Nostr with one of it's inventors, the amazing Ben Arc, and his work in expanding its application to develop censorship-resistant marketplaces.

Lawrence Lepard and James Lavish set out their analysis of the macroeconomic environment in which the current sovereign debt and deficit situation could result in triple-digit inflation in Western economies within the next few years. We discuss balancing mitigating the resultant risk with investment strategies focused on both gold and Bitcoin.

Finally, Jeff Booth explains his deflationary thesis, where an unmanipulated economic system allows technology and competition to provide productivity gains to flow through society, how Bitcoin is the only way to measure the productivity falling in a system with monetary inflation, and, the potential for AI to create a superintelligence that will be smarter than humans.

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Why Deflation is the Key to Abundance with Jeff Booth - WBD651 Apr 29, 2023

Show notes

Jeff Booth is the Author of The Price of Tomorrow and CEO/Chairman of Ego Death Capital. In this interview, we discuss the effects of prices falling to the marginal cost of production, Bitcoin and its role in a deflationary economy, how inflation and debt distribute wealth unfairly, and the deflationary influence of AI and its impact on the future.

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It is the natural order for prices to fall to the marginal cost of production over time, and this principle applies to all industries. The fiat system works against this by artificially creating scarcity. And it has to work against deflation to maintain its dominance, through manipulation of the monetary system: debt, inflation and an ever more narrow concentration of wealth.

As the fiat system falters, could the concept of a deflationary economy take hold? Whilst it involves a massive shift in economic value that is hard to comprehend, as innovation continues to push the boundaries of what is possible, and AI comes of age, a deflationary economy becomes very more likely. Jeff Booth argues that it makes logical sense as a system to enable society to continue to expand.

The common narrative is that we need inflation, and deflation would harm living standards. However, Jeff argues that whilst prices will fall in a deflationary economy, wages are sticky: people are not willing to accept wage decreases as fast as prices are falling. This would result in a massive transfer of wealth back to productive members of society.

Jeff also promotes Bitcoin as part of an investment strategy as we transition into a deflationary economy: its monetary policy is designed to weather the current inflationary system, it's outside of anyone's control and it has no counterparty risk. Further, in a new period of abundance, a reliable fixed currency will become a necessity. It will be the new measurement for productivity and progress.

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Recession is Coming with James Lavish - WBD650 Apr 27, 2023

Show notes

James Lavish is a Bitcoin advocate and writer of the Informationist newsletter. In this interview, we discuss central banks' manipulation of the monetary system, the eye-melting bailouts to come, an inevitable credit event the Fed will be unable to rectify, why BRICS pressure doesn't currently threaten the dollar, and how the US rejecting Bitcoin may lead to hyperbitcoinisation.

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Last month US Treasury yield curves witnessed their deepest inversion for over 40 years. This means holding bonds over the long term results in a lower return than shorter-duration contracts. It is a classic signal of a looming recession. It is the market expectation that future interest rates will be cut in order to stimulate an economy.

Whilst there are historical precedents for this situation, what sets the current paradigm apart is the level of unsustainable government debt: increasingly, countries are having to deal with debt levels in excess of their respective GDP. Whilst high inflation provides a way for reducing these burdens, such levels of inflation are politically damaging, and further, risk damaging economies and thereby tax income. Moreover, they risk damaging critical banking infrastructure.

Interest rates, as a result, will oscillate: they have accelerated to reduce rampant inflation, then, as is being forecast, they will need to be cut to stimulate a stagnant economy. All the while, commercial banks will be forced to search for yield. And some of these banks will get on the wrong side of the trade. Recent events have shown how quickly such situations can spiral out of control.

But, for how long can governments keep bailing out the banks? James Lavish, a leading market analyst, predicts a precarious situation. For a variety of reasons, the US can't afford to go into a deep recession. As a result, James predicts a "face-melting print" by the Fed to avoid this situation. But, then, at some point the music will stop, and there could be a watershed credit event where the Fed won't or can't step in. The real question is, what comes after this event?

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The Regulatory Threat to Bitcoin with Jason Brett - WBD649 Apr 24, 2023

Show notes

Jason Brett is a former FDIC regulator who worked through the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. In this interview, we discuss the Restrict Act, a proposed piece of US legislation that could enable the Secretary of Commerce to shutter access to Bitcoin. We also talk about Operation Chokepoint 2.0, the banking crisis, and whether Bitcoin is a threat to the banks.

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Last month, a bipartisan group of United States senators introduced a bill called "Restricting the Emergence of Security Threats that Risk Information and Communications Technology Act", which is being referred to as the RESTRICT Act. Principally aimed at mitigating foreign technology threats, the legislation would empower officials to police and restrict Americans' domestic access to a range of technologies, including Bitcoin.

Whilst not principally aimed at cryptocurrencies (it has been drafted with the aim of banning companies like TikTok from the United States), the bill has been widely criticised for its broad language. It would enable the secretary of commerce to take action against any information and communication technology connected to a foreign adversary that posed "undue or unacceptable risk".

The US has recent experience of the original intent of laws being stretched to limit American citizens' rights: the 2001 Patriot Act has been used for increasingly pervasive monitoring and surveillance of Americans that included the implementation of bulk data collection programs by the NSA affecting millions of people.

The issue at hand is that Bitcoin presents a real and present danger to the Fed: it is both a viable alternative to commercial banks, and Treasury debt as a global reserve asset. History shows decision makers will use any tool available to restrict what they view as an undue and unacceptable risk. Whilst Bitcoin is not the primary target of the Restrict Act, it is feasible that one day it may be used to stop access to Bitcoin for Americans. Prepare accordingly.

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