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    Software How-To

    The Computer Tutor

    Computer repair, personal computer instruction in Safety Harbor, Clearwater, Tampa, St Pete

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    Latest Episodes:
    Free alternatives to expensive software Apr 13, 2015
    Show notes

    If you buy a new computer, part of your purchase decision is what software you need to also purchase. If you have a lot of specialized needs, you could probably spend more on the additional programs than you did on the computer itself. But the fact is, you don’t necessarily NEED to do that – there are free alternatives to almost every program available today.

    free software

    First a big word of warning – don’t go on Google and start searching for “free software”. If you do that, just about every website you find in the search results will almost certainly infect your computer with all kinds of malware and viruses. Searching Google for “free” anything (games, music, software, screensavers, etc.) is one of the most common ways to choke your computer with bad stuff. You need to know specifically what you’re looking for, which is what I’m going to tell you about here.

    Expensive software: Microsoft Office (shelf price $115 – $200 depending on version, or by subscription)
    Free alternative: LibreOffice (get it here)
    LibreOffice is the suite of programs that I usually install on the refurbished laptops that I sell. It allows you to create, open or edit just about any document that would normally be associated with Office programs such as Word documents or Excel spreadsheets. So if you create a document in Word format and email it to someone, they will be able to open it in Word. There’s another program called Open Office, also free, which has been around for quite some time as an alternative to MS Office. For me, I just find LibreOffice to be more intuitive and easier to use. They have similar functionality, so you can try each one and see which you prefer.

    Expensive software: Adobe Photoshop ($1525 for an older version, or newer one by subscription)
    Free alternative: Gimp (get it here)
    Gimp has been around forever and has quite a following. If you have used Photoshop before, you will probably catch on to Gimp fairly easily. However, they are both full of features that can take some practice to learn well. But there are lots of tutorials online if you are dedicated to learning it and taking advantage of all that it can do.

    Expensive software: Microsoft Outlook ($110 alone, or also available as part of certain versions of Microsoft Office)
    Free alternative: Windows Live Mail (get it here)
    One of the most popular email programs ever used was Outlook Express, which came installed as part of Windows. But the last version of Windows that included it was XP, so Outlook Express is no more. However, Microsoft replaced it with Windows Live Mail and I think it’s just as good or better than Outlook Express. It does just about everything you would want an email application to do. But it’s not included with your Windows installation now – you have to go and download it as part of the Windows Essentials group of programs.

    Expensive software: Adobe Audition ($800, or by subscription)
    Free alternative: Audacity (get it here)
    These programs are for creating and editing audio files. If you have any occasion to record your voice or someone else’s voice (or both), either of these would work well. Audition has a lot of “bells and whistles” that the average person would not need, which is one reason it’s pretty costly. For most people, Audacity is sufficient (and it has quite a few features itself). One of the most common uses for an audio editing program is to create a podcast, and both of these programs are very popular with podcasters around the world.

    Expensive software: Acronis True Image ($50)
    Free alternative: Macrium Reflect (get it here)
    These programs are for backing up your computer files and folders. I use Macrium for 2 types of backup every day:
    First, I clone my primary hard drive to a second internal drive in my desktop computer. So if the first one dies, I just switch over to the second one and I’m back in business. Second, I have Macrium create a system image that gets stored on an external drive. This means that everything on my computer is compressed and put into one file, in case I need to put all of it on a new hard drive after a crash. Yes, it’s sort of a duplicate effort. I do 2 other different backups each day as well – after preaching “back up your files” for so many years, it would not look good if I lost anything in a crash!
    To be fair, Acronis is not that expensive at $50. And Macrium Reflect is only free for personal use, and they do have other versions with extra features that they do charge for. But for most people, the free version will work fine.

    Expensive software: Windows ($75 – $200 depending on version)
    Free alternative: Linux (get it here)
    I know you’re probably not likely to make this switch, but I had to include it. If you have a computer that needs an operating system and you don’t want to spend money on it, this is a viable alternative to buying Windows. Works especially well on older computers that might not even have the power to run Windows. I especially like the version called “Cinnamon” – it’s very intuitive, and actually works very similarly to Windows 7, so it’s not like you have to be a programmer to be able to use it. But like most people, my primary computer runs Windows 7.

    There’s one exception!
    There’s one area where I cannot recommend the free alternatives: antivirus/antimalware software. I see lots of computers that still use free ones like Security Essentials, AVG, Defender, etc. The best I can say is that those things are better than not having ANY protection. But they are definitely not sufficient, and chances are you will eventually purchase a good strong antivirus solution anyway. My Managed Service Plan (details) is the best protection I know of – it not only includes strong software, but it also includes unlimited virus removal and a constant monitoring to make sure your OTHER software stays up to date and safe. I currently have over 190 clients using it and it works great.

    listen to my podcast in iTunes

    The post Free alternatives to expensive software first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    Recovering from your online backup – don’t make this big mistake! Apr 06, 2015
    Show notes

    I recently got a phone call from a business client. I’ll call him Matt for this story. Several months ago, Matt had a hard drive crash on his business computer. For a lot of people, this would have been a disaster. But thankfully, Matt had allowed me to set up an automated online backup for him, so all of his important files were safely stored away from the computer. I replaced the hard drive and reinstalled Windows, and Matt said that he and his partner could download his backed-up files and get them back on the computer. So that was the last I heard of that situation, until this past week when Matt called me.

    cloud backup

    As soon as he asked me the question, I knew what had happened.

    He said, “Back when we had the new hard drive put back in the computer, we downloaded all the documents from the online backup and they were all there, no problem. Now we want to go back and download the pictures, but we can’t find them. Do you know how we can get them from the backup account?”

    Not good. Those pictures are now gone.

    Here’s what happened:

    1. Matt’s computer crashed.

    2. Replacement hard drive was installed, and Windows was reinstalled on the new drive. At this point, it’s a functioning computer but all of the backed-up files are still not back on the computer.

    3. Matt logs into the online backup account and downloads the Documents folder to his computer. These are the important files that he needs for his business, so he gets those documents and decides to just come back and get the rest of the files (pictures) later.

    4. Now the computer starts doing the online backup again. But what does it back up? The important files that are on the computer (as it’s supposed to do). But at this point, the only important files on the computer are the Documents. So the pictures are not getting backed up.

    5. Online backup services typically only save backups for 30 days. So when you do a backup today, the backup you did 30 days ago gets bumped off (deleted). So 30 days after the crash, the backup that had ALL the original files got deleted and now the only thing to be found in the online backup account is the Documents folder.

    So today’s lesson is this:

    When you are recovering your files
    from your backup service after your hard drive crashes,
    make sure you recover ALL of them at the same time –
    NOT just the ones you need right away.

    Or, if you aren’t sure what to do, just call me.

    listen to my podcast in iTunes

    The post Recovering from your online backup – don’t make this big mistake! first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    Can’t go online straight out of Sleep Mode? Here’s the fix Mar 30, 2015
    Show notes

    I got this question from one of my clients, Jim, recently: “Scott, whenever I move the mouse to wake up my laptop from Sleep Mode, I can’t access any website. I open Internet Explorer and it just says “Page cannot be found”. If I close Internet Explorer and wait a minute or two, I’m always able to connect to a website on the second try. Why is it doing this?” This probably happens to a lot of people, but they don’t bother trying to figure it out because they know after a couple of minutes it will start working properly anyway. But there’s actually a pretty easy fix for it.

    sleeping wifi

    To know how to fix this issue, we have to first know why it’s happening. If you have seen this happen with your computer, it’s just because it’s configured to save power.

    You read that correctly. If you want to wake up your laptop and access a website, you might have to wait 1 or 2 minutes, but overall it’s worth it because you are saving multiple pennies off your electric bill each month. (Yes, that was me being sarcastic.)

    What’s happening is that your wifi adapter – the thing that connects your computer to your wireless router in order to access the internet – gets shut off when the computer goes into sleep mode. In a way, this sort of makes sense, because obviously if the computer is in sleep mode you won’t be using it to view websites, get your email, or anything else really. So there’s no reason to be connected to the internet either.

    But when you “wake up” your computer, it isn’t online immediately. It has to find the wifi signal and go through the process of connecting to the internet. In some computers that happens quickly, and in others it can take a minute or so.

    For Jim, it seemed like the connection was successful just because he tried a second time. But that’s kind of misleading. The reason it always works on the second try is simply because enough time has passed so that the wifi adapter has had time to connect to the router again. It really has nothing to do with how many times he tries.

    It’s kind of the same idea that drinking coffee can help you sober up after you’ve had too much to drink. In reality, coffee does not speed up the process. But it does give you something to do while time passes – and really it’s only the passage of time that gets the alcohol out of your system.

    So you could just wake up the computer, wait a minute, then go about the tasks that require an internet connection. But if you’re like me, that wait is just wasted time – and that time is far more valuable to me than the extremely tiny amount I’m saving in electricity each month or each year. If that’s you, then you’ll probably want to turn off this “feature”.

    How to turn off wifi power-saving mode:

    1. Go to Control Panel, set the view in the top right corner to “Small icons”, and double click on the “Device Manager” icon.

    2. In the list, look for the “Network Adapters” section, and click on the little triangle next to it to expand the items under that section. Then you want to look for any item in the list that includes the words “wifi” or “wireless”:

    wifi adapter

    3. Now, for each of the wifi or wireless entries, do a right click on the name and choose “Properties”. This will open a new window where you will click on the “Power Management” tab, and UN-check the box that says “Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power”:

    wifi adapter

    4. Click OK, close the open windows, and you’re done. You just need to make sure you do this for each wifi or wireless device in the list.

    Now, whenever your laptop goes into sleep mode, it will stay connected to the internet. And when you wake it up, you can immediately start getting your work done because you have access to the internet right away.

    listen to my podcast in iTunes

    The post Can’t go online straight out of Sleep Mode? Here’s the fix first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    3 cool things you can do with Google Maps Mar 23, 2015
    Show notes

    I use Google Maps all the time. By far, the feature I use most is the GPS aspect. When I make an appointment on my Google Calendar, I put the address in the “Location” bar. Then, when it’s time to go to that address, I open up my Waze app on my phone, and the address is listed there so I just tap it and follow the verbal street-by-street directions. It’s really an amazing process that we just take for granted now.

    Google Maps

    BUT – there are some other things that you can do with Google Maps that are really interesting. It seems like Google is always trying to come up with something new and exciting, so I wanted to share a few of these things with you today.

    First we have Street View with History – http://tinyurl.com/ml3lvc8

    Most people already know how Street View works. You plug in an address in Google Maps, and find that address. Then you click on Street View, and instead of looking at a map, you now have the view as if you’re standing in the street looking at that address. It’s helpful if you’re traveling to someone’s house for the first time, because now you know what their house actually looks like.

    In fact, back when Street View, wasn’t quite so widely known, I would kind of enjoy freaking people out a bit. They would be giving me directions to their house by phone for an upcoming appointment, and at the same time I would be looking up their address and seeing the street view. So before they had even finished with their directions, I might say something like, “Oh, okay – so your house is the brown one with the 3 bushes in front of the screened porch?” Not such an amazing trick today, but a few years ago it was pretty awesome.

    Now that Google has been sending their little Street View cars all over the place for several years, they have an archive of older street views which is pretty interesting. I believe it goes back to as early as 2008, but it really depends on the actual address being viewed.

    Here’s an example that’s in my little city of Safety Harbor, Florida. This first picture is the most recent one taken by Google, and it was about a year ago. There were some condos being built at that time (they are now fully built and occupied):

    Google Maps

    But if you want to see what that lot looked like before the construction started, you just have to go to Street View for that address, then look up in the top left corner of the screen for the little clock and click it:

    street view with history

    That gives you the option to choose a date and see what the Street View picture was for that date, at that location. In my example, I can go back to 2011 for this address, and back then it looked like this:

    street view with history

    Next, Google Maps offers us the ability to Explore a Sunken Ship – http://tinyurl.com/lvz5ulo

    The USS Mohawk was originally launched in 1934. She was used extensively during World War II, and then became a pilot boat on the Delaware River for over 30 years. You can get more details about this ship at this Wikipedia entry.

    Currently, the Mohawk enjoys the status of being the first military ship reef dedicated to veterans. She was sunk in 2012 off the coast of Captiva Island. This memorial sign is on the side:

    google maps ship

    And if you click this link, that sign is one of the first things you’ll see. Google has created a “Street View” of the sunken ship so you can navigate all around just like you can use Street View in your local neighborhood. Pretty cool.

    And finally, you can explore the moon. Yes, Google Maps has mapped the moon.

    To do that, just go to maps.google.com and start zooming out (so your view is getting farther and farther away from the earth). When you’ve gone out as far as you can go, look in the lower left corner and click on the little window that says “Earth”:

    google maps

    After it changes to Earth view, keep scrolling out until you see the 3 options in the lower left corner: Earth, Moon and Mars. Click on Moon:

    google maps moon

    Now you can go exploring on the Moon just like you went to astronaut school. But without the bulky suit and breathing apparatus. Or if you choose Mars, you can visit there too.

    If you’re really into this idea of exploring the world and space using your computer, you should consider getting Google Earth. Google Earth itself is not new, but they are updating it all the time. In the current one (version 5.0) here are some of the moon-related features:

    google earth

    And for bonus points – in the comments below, enter the phrase that this man is saying to this woman:

    google maps

    The post 3 cool things you can do with Google Maps first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    Your email actually DID get hacked? You need to change more than just your password Mar 16, 2015
    Show notes

    Last week we talked about the fact that even though it might appear that your email got hacked, it probably didn’t. In most cases it’s just a spammer using your email as the “From” address. But what about when your email actually DOES get hacked into – meaning some malicious person has gotten into your account and has control of it? What should you do?

    email hack

    The easiest solution to this problem is also probably the most obvious – take precautions so that it doesn’t happen in the first place. This means having a strong, unique password for your email account. These are some of the most commonly used passwords today, and they are really weak:

    weak passwords

    A good password is just a series of random numbers, upper and lower case letters, and maybe a character like a dollar sign or pound sign thrown in somewhere. I try to usually make mine 10 or 12 characters in length. The longer the better!

    Good passwords:

    • zP#CuY&^Bnt8
    • e7PpW6!m$2vq
    • Rs3*JA5N&PB6

    And of course you won’t be able to remember that password, so you will need to have a good password manager program to generate good passwords and keep track of all of them for you. I use LastPass and it works great.

    But for today, we’re assuming it’s past the “prevention” point – your email has been compromised. Some scammer or spammer, somewhere in the world, has been able to log in to your personal or business email account. And you need to take action – quickly.

    I sometimes see people with this problem, wondering what they should do next. It’s very common to see this question asked on Facebook: “My email has been hacked into. What do I do?” And the one answer offered by all of their friends (none of whom are computer security experts of course) is: “Change your password!”

    Yes, you do need to change your password. But that is only part of the solution. Just changing your password does not solve the problem. A lot of people will change their password (and even the new password will be one that is easily guessed and one that they have used on dozens of other accounts). Then they’re surprised to find out that their email gets hacked into again after a short time.

    In order to keep your email account safe, you also need to change your security questions.

    You know what I’m talking about – the questions that your email provider asks to confirm your identity, that only YOU should know the answer to. Or at least the answers would be ones that some spammer in Russia wouldn’t know about you.

    When you log into your email account online, you should see a link to your profile. That’s usually where you go to change your verification questions. In Gmail it looks like this:

    email security

    The reason you MUST change your security questions is to prevent the same hacker from getting in again. One of the ways to hack into an email account is to click the “Forgot password” link, and answer the security questions. If the questions you chose originally have already been easily answered by a hacker, then they can be easily answered again by the same hacker or even a different one. In a lot of cases, the answers to those security questions can be found just by going through your Facebook page! Hackers just have it too easy these days – we need to make things at least a little difficult for them.

    Bonus security: answer the security questions incorrectly

    This is a trick some people use as an extra layer of security. You can answer the security questions with answers that are wrong, or even answers that don’t make sense.

    Here are some examples of this:

    Question: What is your mother’s maiden name?
    Answer: September

    Question: In what city were you born?
    Answer: Peanut butter

    Question: What is your favorite sports team?
    Answer: Saving Private Ryan

    Do you see the power in this? A hacker could guess every sports team name in the world but he would never get it right. Same for the other answers.

    Obviously, just like a strong password, you won’t instinctively remember these nonsense answers. So you will need to keep a record of them. This is another great feature of LastPass – there is a whole section for each account where you can store information like this and always have access to it.

    In addition to the security questions, you should also have on file:

    • A current phone number (preferably a cell phone that can receive text messages)
    • An alternate email address that you can access

    With these, your email provider can send you a text message to confirm your identity, or they can email you a link to change your password if it gets compromised. HOWEVER – just like it’s too late to buy fire insurance when the house is burning down, you need to set up these things in your email account while you still have access to it. Once some lowlife gets in and controls your email account, it could be too late. Because a smart hacker, once in control, will go in and change the security questions to things that YOU won’t know how to answer.

    And one final word: if you are desperate and cannot get anything done to restore your account, don’t make the mistake of searching Google for a “tech support” phone number for your free web-based email account. Most of the results that come up in a Google search like that are going to be FAKE tech support – they will want to charge you lots of money to “fix” all of the problems your computer supposedly has, and they still won’t be able to get you into your email account.

    listen to my podcast in iTunes

    The post Your email actually DID get hacked? You need to change more than just your password first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    Help – my email got hacked! No, it probably didn’t Mar 09, 2015
    Show notes

    A few times each month, I’ll get a phone call or an email from someone who thinks their email account has gotten hacked into. And why do they think that? Because their inbox is filling up with emails that are bouncing back, that say “This email message could not be delivered”. They might get a few of these bounced emails, or a dozen, or even a hundred. At first glance, it looks like all of these emails were sent from this person’s email account. But in most cases, no one has hacked into their email account.

    email hack

    Let’s say I wanted to send someone an email, and I wanted to make them think it came from someone else. For example, maybe my friend Maria is a big fan of Oprah Winfrey and I want to play a little prank on Maria by sending her an email “from” Oprah Winfrey. Do you know how easy this is to do? Pretty easy.

    You do need an email program though, such as Outlook. If you don’t have Outlook, you can use Windows Live Mail (which is free). My email program is Outlook so I will use that for the example screenshots.

    If you already use Outlook for your email, it’s already set up with all of your genuine account information – that’s how it’s able to send and receive your email. But for this little trick, you need to go into the email settings and change a few things. The settings window looks like this:

    email hack

    You can see there are 3 main sections. In order for your email to send and receive properly in your account, the “Server Information” and “Logon Information” sections cannot be changed. However, with few exceptions, you can put whatever you want in the first section, “User Information”.

    So if we want to pretend we’re someone else that sent the email, we just change the information in that top section. It might look like this (I don’t actually know Oprah’s email address):

    email hack

    With those settings in place, I can send out an email to impersonate Oprah. When my friend Maria receives it, she would see something like this:

    email hack

    If she clicks “Reply”, her Reply email will be addressed to Oprah@oprah.com (not to me, even though I actually am the one that sent the email). If the email that I sent bounces, it will bounce back to the “From:” address (not to me, even though I sent it). That’s the important thing to note here – anytime an email bounces, it bounces back to whatever address is listed in the “From:” field.

    So with that example in mind, let’s look at how this is used in the real world – by spammers.

    A spammer might have a list of a million email addresses that he wants to send to. He wants to send his spam email out to those millions of people, but of course he doesn’t want them to know that HE is the one that sent it. So he puts a different email address in the “From:” field. He might even put YOUR email address as the “From:” address.

    See where we’re going with this?

    He sends out those million emails, and most of them get delivered to the proper recipient (even if they go to the Spam folder, they at least made it to the right email address). But with that many emails, some of them are going to be outdated or incorrect. So they bounce. And guess where they bounce? You guessed it – they bounce back to the “From:” address, and if that’s your email, they start showing up in your inbox.

    That’s how you end up with all those bounced emails in your inbox, that appear to have been sent from you, but they really weren’t. And the spammer didn’t have to hack into your email account in order to make that happen. All he needed was an email address, and he happened to use yours. Bad luck for you, but at least your email account hasn’t been compromised.

    It’s like if you mailed out 100 letters by snail mail, and instead of your own address in the top left corner of each envelope, you put your neighbor’s address. If the Post Office returned any of those, they would be returned to your neighbor, not you.

    How to verify that your email account is safe: just look in the “Sent” folder and see if any of those bounced emails show up there as actually having been sent from your account. If they aren’t there, your account didn’t send them.

    Disclaimer: there are exceptions (although very unlikely) to this explanation. And the scammers and spammers are constantly dreaming up new ways to game the system. But for the most part the scenario I talked about is the most common procedure.

    And as always, if your email password consists of one or more pronounceable words, or is easy to remember, it’s going to be easy for the bad guys to guess – so change it to a strong one today!

    listen to my podcast in iTunes

    The post Help – my email got hacked! No, it probably didn’t first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    What information does Google store about you? You might be surprised Mar 02, 2015
    Show notes

    Many millions of people have Google accounts. I have several myself. And whenever I want to look something up on the internet, I use Google because it seems to come up with the most accurate search results, which means I don’t have to waste a lot of time weeding out stuff that is not relevant to what I was looking for. But did you know that Google stores your history of searches – for quite some time?

    Google search history

    There are two points I want to make you aware of today:

    1. Google stores your search history for kind of a long time
    2. You can control the amount of information that is being stored

    To show how this works, I’ll use my own Google account. The first step is to open your web browser and go to:

    http://google.com/settings/accounthistory

    That will bring you to a page that shows the 6 different things that Google can keep track of for this account. Those are:

    1. Your searches
    2. Places you go (like if you used Google Maps for GPS)
    3. Your voice searches and commands (usually this is the “OK Google” function, which you might not even use or be aware of)
    4. Information about your devices (contacts, calendars and apps on your laptop, smartphone, tablet, etc.)
    5. Videos you search for on YouTube
    6. Videos you watch on YouTube

    That’s quite a bit of web activity that is possibly being tracked. Those 6 areas are displayed in sections on the page, like this:

    Google history

    As far as the way the “history storage” works, each of these categories works pretty much the same way so I’ll just explore the first one, “Searches and browsing history”. First step is to click on “Manage History”.

    Google history

    When you do that, you’ll see a list of your most recent Google searches (assuming you did those searches while you were signed in to your Google/Gmail account). And it’s a very detailed and accurate list. In fact, it shows the search term you used, and then under that is the actual site(s) you clicked on in the search results. For example, someone this afternoon was asking me about a site called Ixquick, so I did a quick Google search on it, then clicked on the Ixquick site. These two actions were recorded and stored in my Google account history, like this:

    Google history

    Above the list of searches, there are a couple of graphs. These show your search activity by the hour, and by the day. As you can see, I do more Google searches on weekdays rather than weekends, and I don’t do many searches between midnight and 4 am:

    Google history

    Now let’s get to the more interesting part. To the right of those graphs is an Activity calendar.

    Google history

    You can click on any day on that calendar, and it the page will show you your complete list of Google searches and clicks for that day. As you can see, it’s also color coded. Light blue means fewer searches, darker blue means more searches:

    Google history

    Obviously I use Google quite a bit. So I started clicking to go back to previous months, to see how far back this history goes. I was surprised to see that it goes back to May of 2013.

    Almost 2 years of my Google search history – 8,044 searches to be exact.

    Why does Google need to have that much detail about what I search on? Because most of their billions of dollars of revenue each year comes from advertising. And the more they know about what I’m interested in (based on what I search for), the more targeted they can make the ads, which means they can charge advertisers higher prices.

    One thing you’ll see to the left of each listed search in your history is a little checkbox. If you want, you can check the searches you don’t want stored in your history, and click on “Remove items” at the top of the list. You could remove all of them if you wanted to.

    In fact, if you go back to the initial screen where you clicked on “Manage history” you see another button there: Pause. This means you can actually turn off the storage of your Google searches if you want to. But if you click that, Google will really try to persuade you to leave it on. This is the explanation they give before having you confirm your decision to pause:

    google history

    You can pick and choose which areas you want to have paused or enabled, or you can just pause all of them if you prefer.

    So there you have it. The purpose of this is not to rekindle the continuous debate about how much privacy we do or don’t have. I just wanted to make sure that you are aware of what is happening, so that you can make an intelligent decision about how you want to handle it. More information is always a good thing.

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    The post What information does Google store about you? You might be surprised first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    How to make the Wikipedia page look much more exciting! Feb 23, 2015
    Show notes

    Wikipedia (Wikipedia.com) is one of the most often visited websites on the internet. Virtually any topic you want to research, any well-known person, almost any city – it’s hard to imagine anyone or anything of importance not having a Wikipedia page. However, Wikipedia was launched back in 2001 – and the layout and design of the website seems to have not changed since that date.

    wikipedia

    It’s usually pretty easy to spot a website that has not been updated in a long time. In some cases, a business might have paid someone to create their website a long time ago, and now they lost contact with that person and they have no idea how to change the site or update it. Or, the website owner might just be unaware that the site looks very dated. But to most people it’s obvious.

    One of the very popular sites that is extremely outdated is Craigslist. The owner of that site, Craig Newmark, doesn’t care about how it looks, and he has said so. Craigslist was started back in 1995 – can you believe it’s been 20 years? – and the site design is still virtually the same as it was then.

    That’s the situation with Wikipedia. Even though Wikipedia gets millions of website visitors, the owner, Jimmy Wales, has never seen the need to update the site design to make it look nicer and more modern. It’s still the same boring layout that it’s had for the last 14 years.

    But it doesn’t have to be that way on YOUR computer.

    Thanks to a wonderful browser extension for Chrome and Firefox, Wikipedia can have a great new design that’s much more pleasing to the eye. The extension is called Wikiwand, and you can get it at www.Wikiwand.com. It’s free of course.

    To show you how it makes a difference with the way Wikipedia pages are displayed, I took some before-Wikiwand and after-Wikiwand screenshots.

    Here’s what the Wikipedia page for the Milky Way looks like usually:

    wikiwand

    Pretty bland, right? Here’s what it looks like after the Wikiwand is applied:

    wikiwand

    Having the large image across the top of the article really makes a big difference in presentation. But also, the content itself is just easier to read. It’s actually the same words on the page, but the font size is larger and clearer in the Wikiwand version.

    How about this one – the Mt Everest page, before Wikiwand:

    wikiwand

    And after Wikiwand:

    wikiwand

    To get Wikiwand working in your browser, just go to Wikiwand.com and click the button to install it:

    install wikiwand

    You will not see that installation button if you’re using Internet Explorer, though – it doesn’t work with that web browser. Reason #842 to quit using Internet Explorer.

    And you should also know this – even after you have Wikiwand installed, if for some reason you want to go back and just see the old boring version of Wikipedia, you can. At the bottom right corner of every Wikipedia page there’s a big W, and when you mouse over it, you’ll see a slide switch to enable or disable Wikiwand:

    wikiwand

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    The post How to make the Wikipedia page look much more exciting! first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    Do you need a new router? Feb 16, 2015
    Show notes

    Most households and small businesses use a router to distribute the internet signal. You might have purchased the router, or your internet provider may place it with your for you to use, but they still own it. Also, your modem may also be a router (all in one box) or your router might be a separate unit. There’s really no “normal” configuration for all these factors.

    router

    What happens when your internet service provider’s router becomes old, outdated, or just worn out? That’s when they’ll call you up and say, “Hey there Mr. or Mrs. Customer – we need to get you a new router, so your internet connection is the best it can be!”, right?

    Uh, no. It doesn’t usually work that way.

    More often, you start to notice your internet connection speed get slower and slower, and sometimes you might get the familiar “This page cannot be found” error because the internet connection has dropped altogether. A lot of times restarting the computer or the router (or both) takes care of the problem. But if the router is just too old, that’s just a temporary fix. When a router is no longer working like it should, it needs to be replaced.

    But when an ISP has many thousands of customers and a big chunk of them have old routers that need to be replaced, doing that all at once would represent a huge expense. Why would they want to spend all that money on new equipment when a lot of those people haven’t even complained about it?

    Instead, they will handle each customer complaint on a case by case basis and replace the routers as needed. So you need to be proactive about it.

    BUT – you can’t just call them up and say, “My internet is too slow”. That’s just an opinion. You need to have measurable proof that the internet speed is sub-par before you ever make the call.

    Here’s how you check your internet connection speed:

    1. Go to the website SpeedTest.net. If you don’t use an ad blocker, you’ll see some ads that will try to get you to click on them to check your speed or download something. Ignore all those ads. The only thing you want to do is run the actual internet connection speed test right in the middle of the page. After the page has fully loaded, you’ll see a big button in the middle that says “Begin Test”:

    Speedtest

    2. As you can see, the site figures out where you are located and puts a green triangle there (I’m in the Tampa Bay area of Florida). When you click “Begin Test” the analysis can get started. It only takes about 30 seconds.

    3. What you want to pay attention to (you should write them down) are the download speed and upload speed. When the test is finished, it will look like this:

    speedtest

    That’s the information you want to have on hand when you call your internet provider. But there’s a RIGHT way to ask them about this, and there’s a WRONG way.

    The wrong way: “I just checked my internet speed, and I’m getting ___ download and ___ upload. Is that normal?”

    This is wrong because then it’s really easy for the internet provider to say, “Oh yes, that’s right in the range of what your speed should be based on the package you have purchased.” In addition, they now have the perfect opportunity to try to UPsell you on buying a faster package. You have already indicated that you want faster speed, so you are obviously the perfect candidate for that sales pitch.

    The right way: “Can you tell me, based on my monthly internet package, what kind of internet speeds should I be expecting?”

    When you phrase it that way, they have to give you a number first. If it matches what Speedtest said you are getting, then you’re getting what you’re paying for. But if the ISP says you should be getting 50-60 download, and the test says you’re getting 30-40, then you have something to complain about. At that point, your internet provider has already said that you should be getting a certain level of speed and your test proves that you’re not getting it.

    If that happens, usually the ISP will either have a technician come out to check your installation, or they’ll do some diagnostics on the router and/or modem (whichever is provided by them) and probably give you a new one if yours is too old or outdated.

    What if YOU own the router?

    If they run their tests and it comes back that the modem is working fine, the problem could be the router that you purchased and installed. It may need to be replaced. Fortunately, they are not that expensive so it might be time to get a new one. For home use, a router in the $50 – $75 range is almost always sufficient. Personally, I like Linksys routers because they’re really easy to set up, but other brands such as Netgear or Belkin will usually work fine. If you have any trouble with the installation, they’ll have a phone number for you to call their Tech Support and they can walk you through it (you’ll most likely be speaking to someone whose first language is not English though).

    If you’ve had your router for a while, getting a brand new one could mean a world of difference for your internet connection.

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    The post Do you need a new router? first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

    Where’s a good hacker when you need one? Feb 09, 2015
    Show notes

    Want to find out your roommate’s Facebook password? Need to have a few “below average” grades removed from your college transcript? Would you like to have some embarrassing pictures removed from Google search results? If you find yourself in need of these or similar services, what you really need is… a hacker!

    hacker

    One thing you need to realize is that the term “hacker” has evolved over the years, and now it doesn’t necessarily mean a bad thing. In the past, if someone mentioned a hacker, it would conjure up images of someone trying to use their own computer to break into another computer somewhere, like the Pentagon or something. Of course, there are still people that try to do that, and they are still pretty much referred to as hackers.

    But “hacking” has now taken on a whole new range of meanings. These days, it often means that someone has figured out a way to do something that makes it easier, or a process that just seems to make more sense.

    For example – if your microwave has old particles of dried food on the inside because of splatter that has accumulated, and you want to easily clean it, here’s a kitchen “hack” – fill a bowl with water and microwave it for a couple of minutes. The steam will loosen the dried-on food, making it easier to clean off.

    Here’s another one – if you notice little pieces of debris or dirt down between the keys of your computer keyboard, just take a single Post-It note and drag it in between the rows to pick up some of that junk. That’s a “hack” that I’ve been doing for a long time.

    There’s actually a very popular website devoted to hacks in all areas of life – it’s Lifehacker.com. There are some great ideas on there.

    BUT… what if you need one of the old-style hackers? You know, the kind of sneaky person that knows how to get into some other computer and change things around or manipulate some information in your favor? That’s when you need Hackerslist!

    You can find this at Hackerslist.com, and what it’s supposed to be is just what the name indicates – a list of hackers advertising their services for whatever type of computer hacking job you need to have done.

    You can post your hacking job request, and what you’re willing to pay, and then the “hackers” on the site can bid on your job. In browsing the site, here are some of the hacking jobs being requested:

    Fiance Gmail Password:
    “I would like the current password of my fiancé’s GMAIL email account due to work issues he is having that he will not let me help him with that are affecting our relationship. Obviously remaining discreet and professional, thank you.”
    Willing to pay: $200 – $300

    Need to hack a dating website:
    “I want access to a person’s account on a dating website. I know the person’s full name as well as their username. I am not sure if this project is even possible. I want to be able to see/read this person’s messages and friends. If possible, I want this done without them finding out so that I can access the account multiple times.”
    Willing to pay: $100 – $1000

    Clean driving record:
    “I need a hacker to clean my driving record in AZ. recently received a DUI and got an “Admin per se” diving with BAC > .08. Also remove any driving tickets i may have. Remove my suspention currently in place”
    Willing to pay: $100 – $1000

    Project Justice:
    “I have been cheated by my business partner and He has managed to disconnect me from all business contracts. I wanted to find how he swindled the money.”
    Willing to pay: $500 – $2000

    Credit Report:
    “Fix credit bureau information and erroneous data stored.”
    Willing to pay: $500 – $2000

    Frankly, I don’t know of some of these things are even possible. I’m sure a lot of people would like to just pay some money and have their driving record cleaned up, but my guess is that the Department of Motor Vehicles has their computer system pretty well locked down so that stuff like that just doesn’t happen. Of course, the big exception would be if the “hacker” is really just someone that works at the DMV and has access to make those changes. But would they really risk their job (and possibly jail time) just for $1000? I guess some people would.

    And what about the one about removing erroneous information from a credit report? That’s something that the owner of that credit report can do for free, but I suppose some people don’t know that.

    And what if someone SAYS they can hack into Gmail and get someone’s password, but then you pay the money and it turns out they are unable to do the job? The website has anticipated that problem and taken a few steps to protect its users:

    1. If a hacker doesn’t maintain at least a 3-star rating or if he has too many disputes, he is removed from the site.

    2. The website administrators have to approve a hacker before he is even allowed to bid on any projects.

    3. Hackers with low ratings are charged a higher percentage, so they have a financial incentive to have more positive reviews.

    4. Escrow – you can choose to have your payment held in escrow, so that the hacker doesn’t get paid until you say you are satisfied that he completed the job.

    One of the interesting things on the site is their disclaimer – “Hackerslist is intended for legal and ethical use. If you feel a project violates our terms of service please report the listing immediately. We do our best to moderate projects however we rely on the community to aid in this process.” Of course they have to put something on there so that they can claim innocence when they are inevitably sued. But it seems to be just a formality, since I’m sure a large percentage of the jobs up for bid on the site are actually illegal, and many of them were posted several weeks or months ago.

    It’s a fun thing to check out anyway, even if you would never actually hire a hacker. I’m no marriage counselor, but I would think hacking into your fiance’s email is probably not a good start for a lifelong relationship.

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    The post Where’s a good hacker when you need one? first appeared on The Computer Tutor.

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