Lex Fridman Podcast

Latest Episodes:

#192 – Charles Hoskinson: Cardano Jun 16, 2021

Show notes

Charles Hoskinson is the founder of Cardano, co-founder of Ethereum, a mathematician, and a farmer. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– Gala Games: https://gala.games/lex
– Allform: https://allform.com/lex to get 20% off
– Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit
– ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free
– Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings

EPISODE LINKS:
Charles’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/IOHK_Charles
Charles’s YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/charleshoskinson
Cardano Website: https://cardano.org/
IOHK Website: https://iohk.io/

PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips

SUPPORT & CONNECT:
– Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast
– Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
– Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
– Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman
– LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
– Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
– Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(09:12) – What programming language is the simulation written in?
(14:17) – Favorite philosophers
(23:18) – Theory vs engineering in cryptocurrency
(34:27) – What programming languages should everyone learn
(42:42) – Haskell and beyond
(46:26) – Plutus: Cardano’s smart contract platform based on Haskell
(50:53) – What is a blockchain?
(55:05) – Hybrid smart contracts
(1:00:55) – Proof of work vs proof of stake
(1:09:42) – Cardano’s proof of stake consensus algorithm
(1:20:14) – What is Cardano?
(1:28:55) – Cardano vs Ethereum vs Bitcoin
(1:38:50) – The problem with Bitcoin
(1:48:24) – Bitcoin Conference
(1:52:05) – Ergo and Alex Chepurnoy
(1:59:15) – Cardano’s Extended UTXO Model
(2:06:27) – Chainlink and Oracle Networks
(2:13:40) – Cardano and Wolfram Alpha
(2:18:35) – The future of video games
(2:27:10) – Smart contracts timeline for Cardano
(2:34:40) – Decentralized exchanges
(2:40:21) – Jack Dorsey and Bitcoin
(2:46:33) – Elon Musk and Tesla: Cardano, Ethereum, Bitcoin
(2:49:50) – Dogecoin and Elon Musk
(3:01:11) – Hydra vs Lightning Network
(3:08:45) – Non-Interactive Proofs of Proof-of-Work (NIPoPoWs)
(3:12:39) – Cardano failure modes
(3:21:00) – Cardano vs Polkadot
(3:26:05) – Vitalik Buterin
(3:34:16) – Corrupting nature of power
(3:44:26) – Satoshi Nakamoto
(3:50:37) – Cardano’s vision for decentralized governance
(4:03:31) – Cardano in Ethiopia
(4:07:33) – El Salvador and Bitcoin
(4:13:50) – Cryptocurrency will inject capitalism with long-term incentives
(4:23:42) – Day in the life of Charles Hoskinson
(4:30:59) – Mushrooms
(4:37:07) – Joe Rogan
(4:42:00) – Video games
(4:54:14) – Advice for young people
(4:57:23) – Meaning of life

#191 – Daniel Schmachtenberger: Steering Civilization Away from Self-Destruction Jun 14, 2021

Show notes

Daniel Schmachtenberger is a philosopher interested understanding the rise and fall of societies and individuals. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– Ground News: https://ground.news/lex
– NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour
– Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off
– Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off
– BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off

EPISODE LINKS:
Daniel’s Website: https://civilizationemerging.com/
The Consilience Project: https://consilienceproject.org/

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(08:05) – Aliens and UFOs
(26:50) – Collective intelligence of human civilization
(34:46) – Consciousness
(46:08) – How much computation does the human brain perform?
(49:47) – Humans vs ants
(57:04) – Humans are apex predators
(1:04:08) – Girard’s Mimetic Theory of Desire
(1:24:05) – We can never completely understand reality
(1:27:29) – Self-terminating systems
(1:37:52) – Catastrophic risk
(2:08:04) – Adding more love to the world
(2:35:29) – How to build a better world
(2:52:41) – Meaning of life
(3:00:23) – Death
(3:06:04) – The role of government in society
(3:23:29) – Exponential growth of technology
(4:09:10) – Lessons from my father
(4:14:46) – Even suffering is filled with beauty

#190 – Jordan Ellenberg: Mathematics of High-Dimensional Shapes and Geometries Jun 13, 2021

Show notes

Jordan Ellenberg is a mathematician and author of Shape and How Not to Be Wrong. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– Secret Sauce: https://wondery.com/shows/secret-sauce/
– ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free
– Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium
– Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit

EPISODE LINKS:
Jordan’s Website: http://www.jordanellenberg.com
Jordan’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/JSEllenberg

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(06:44) – Mathematical thinking
(10:21) – Geometry
(14:58) – Symmetry
(25:29) – Math and science in the Soviet Union
(33:09) – Topology
(47:57) – Do we live in many more than 4 dimensions?
(52:28) – How many holes does a straw have
(1:01:53) – 3Blue1Brown
(1:07:40) – Will AI ever win a Fields Medal?
(1:16:05) – Fermat’s last theorem
(1:33:23) – Reality cannot be explained simply
(1:39:08) – Prime numbers
(2:00:37) – John Conway’s Game of Life
(2:12:29) – Group theory
(2:15:45) – Gauge theory
(2:23:47) – Grigori Perelman and the Poincare Conjecture
(2:33:59) – How to learn math
(2:41:08) – Advice for young people
(2:43:13) – Meaning of life

#189 – David Sinclair: Extending the Human Lifespan Beyond 100 Years Jun 07, 2021

Show notes

David Sinclair is a geneticist at Harvard and author of Lifespan. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit to get up to 10% off
– Clear: https://clearme.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 2 months free
– National Instruments (NI): https://www.ni.com/perspectives
– SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex and use code LEX to get a free security camera
– Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit

EPISODE LINKS:
David’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/davidasinclair
David’s Website: https://lifespanbook.com

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(09:34) – Staying young at heart
(13:31) – Bringing people back to life
(19:05) – Wearables and tracking health data
(28:18) – How to solve aging
(38:23) – Why do we age?
(43:50) – Genetic reset switch that reverses aging
(46:20) – AI in biology
(48:52) – Health data
(56:58) – Fasting
(1:04:29) – Diet
(1:12:41) – Exercise
(1:18:01) – Sleep
(1:26:29) – Data
(1:32:00) – Extending lifespan
(1:34:42) – Immortality
(1:40:28) – Denial of death
(1:43:45) – Meaning of life without death

#188 – Vitalik Buterin: Ethereum 2.0 Jun 03, 2021

Show notes

Vitalik Buterin is the co-founder of Ethereum. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil
– Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off
– Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit
– Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off
– BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off

EPISODE LINKS:
Vitalik’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/VitalikButerin
Vitalik’s Blog: https://vitalik.ca/

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(08:18) – Shiba Inu story
(25:35) – Regulation
(29:48) – Crime
(34:54) – Proof of stake vs proof of work
(47:43) – Miner extractable value
(53:19) – Scaling
(54:42) – Bitcoin blocksize wars
(1:00:51) – Hard fork vs soft fork
(1:04:34) – Craig Wright
(1:11:18) – Scaling: Sharding
(1:18:07) – Scaling: Rollups
(1:26:30) – Polygon and other Layer 2 technologies
(1:34:11) – Merging PoS and PoW chains
(1:43:49) – Lessons learned from Ethereum 2.0 failure incidents
(1:52:35) – Bitcoin vs Ethereum
(1:58:30) – Dogecoin
(2:04:38) – Elon Musk
(2:07:15) – Chainlink
(2:10:35) – Charles Hoskinson and Cardano
(2:18:08) – AI safety
(2:23:07) – NFTs
(2:25:57) – Scams
(2:35:34) – Longevity
(2:44:55) – Does death give meaning to life?
(2:50:38) – Lex and Vitalik speak Russian
(2:54:29) – Meaning of life
(2:59:48) – Dan Carlin’s Hardcore History and WWII

#187 – Frank Wilczek: Physics of Quarks, Dark Matter, Complexity, Life & Aliens May 29, 2021

Show notes

Frank Wilczek is a Nobel Prize winning physicist at MIT. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– The Information: https://theinformation.com/lex to get 75% off first month
– NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour
– ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free
– Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium
– Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings

EPISODE LINKS:
Frank’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/FrankWilczek
Frank’s Website: https://www.frankawilczek.com/
Fundamentals: Ten Keys to Reality (book): https://amzn.to/3vLPyQB

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(08:39) – Are there limits to what physics can understand?
(17:31) – Beautiful ideas in physics
(25:59) – Space and time are really big
(29:47) – There are billions of thoughts in a human life
(37:09) – Big bang
(45:31) – How life emerged in the universe
(51:33) – Aliens
(1:01:25) – Consciousness
(1:08:53) – Limits of physics
(1:14:29) – Complimentary principle
(1:23:34) – Free will
(1:29:47) – Particles
(1:35:10) – Nobel Prize in Physics
(1:48:24) – Axions and dark matter
(2:03:50) – Time crystals
(2:08:42) – Theory of everything
(2:18:10) – Advice for young people
(2:23:52) – Meaning of life

#186 – Bryan Johnson: Kernel Brain-Computer Interfaces May 24, 2021

Show notes

Bryan Johnson is the founder and CEO of Kernel, OS Fund, and previously Braintree. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off
– NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour
– Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium
– ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free

EPISODE LINKS:
Bryan’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/bryan_johnson
Bryan’s Website: https://www.bryanjohnson.co/
Kernel’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/KernelCo
Kernel’s Website: https://www.kernel.com/

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(06:57) – Kernel Flow demo
(16:10) – The future of brain-computer interfaces
(49:39) – Existential risk
(55:18) – Overcoming depression
(1:10:36) – Zeroth principles thinking
(1:18:50) – Engineering consciousness
(1:25:03) – Privacy
(1:29:33) – Neuralink
(1:39:11) – Braintree and Venmo
(1:54:54) – Eating one meal a day
(2:01:07) – Sleep
(2:20:49) – Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro
(2:27:47) – Advice for young people
(2:32:23) – Meaning of life

#185 – Sam Harris: Consciousness, Free Will, Psychedelics, AI, UFOs, and Meaning May 20, 2021

Show notes

Sam Harris is an author, podcaster, and philosopher. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– National Instruments (NI): https://www.ni.com/perspectives
– Belcampo: https://belcampo.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off first order
– Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil
– Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit

EPISODE LINKS:
Sam’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/SamHarrisOrg
Sam’s Website: https://samharris.org/
Sam’s YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNAxrHudMfdzNi6NxruKPLw

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(08:18) – Where do thoughts come from?
(14:18) – Consciousness
(31:50) – Psychedelics
(41:14) – Nature of reality
(58:09) – Free will
(1:56:55) – Ego
(2:05:59) – Joe Rogan
(2:08:59) – How will human civilization destroy itself?
(2:16:27) – AI
(2:37:10) – Jordan Peterson
(2:45:12) – UFOs
(2:53:02) – Brazilian Jiu Jitsu
(3:02:47) – Love
(3:13:50) – Meaning of life

#184 – Katherine de Kleer: Planets, Moons, and Asteroids in Our Solar System May 17, 2021

Show notes

Katherine de Kleer is a professor of Planetary Science and Astronomy at Caltech. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– Fundrise: https://fundrise.com/lex
– Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium
– ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free
– Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off

EPISODE LINKS:
Katherine’s Website: http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~dekleer/

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(07:07) – Pluto
(12:14) – Kuiper belt
(16:12) – How to study planets and moons
(19:54) – Volcanoes on Io – moon of Jupiter
(32:25) – Is there life in the oceans of Europa?
(41:46) – How unlikely is life on Earth?
(52:15) – Life on Venus
(54:30) – Mars
(1:01:17) – What is interesting about Earth as a planet?
(1:11:55) – Weather patterns
(1:17:04) – Asteroids
(1:26:06) – Will an asteroid hit Earth soon?
(1:34:50) – Oumuamua
(1:50:00) – Book recommendations
(1:56:37) – Advice for young people

#183 – Po-Shen Loh: Mathematics, Math Olympiad, Combinatorics & Contact Tracing May 14, 2021

Show notes

Po-Shen Loh is a mathematician at CMU and coach of the USA International Math Olympiad team. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
– The Jordan Harbinger Show: https://jordanharbinger.com/lex/
– Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit
– BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off
– Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings
– LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack

EPISODE LINKS:
Po’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/poshenloh
Po’s Website: https://www.poshenloh.com/
Daily Challenges: https://daily.poshenloh.com/
NOVID: https://www.novid.org/

OUTLINE:
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(08:51) – Planes and bridges
(12:28) – Writing a computer game from scratch
(14:54) – Programming competitions
(18:28) – Math is hard
(23:59) – Contact tracing that preserves privacy
(1:01:16) – Math Olympiad
(1:16:57) – Hard math problem
(1:24:14) – Is math discovered or invented?
(1:29:09) – Intelligence
(1:35:59) – Math education
(1:40:10) – How to learn math
(1:49:06) – Combinatorics
(1:52:13) – Voting trees
(2:02:36) – Stochastic coalescence
(2:12:23) – P=NP
(2:16:39) – Tolkien and WWII
(2:19:00) – Advice for young people
(2:21:05) – Meaning of life

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