Ending Human Trafficking

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212 – Can We Really End Homelessness? Dec 01, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak are joined by Larry Haynes to discuss effective models and attitudes to end homelessness. Larry is the Executive Director at Mercy House with over 30 years of experience working to end homelessness.

Key Points

Changing the perspective of actions surrounding homelessness from charitable to systemic change in order to make a societal difference.
The difference between a shelter and housing extends more than just the period of time but includes more rights that extend beyond socioeconomic lines.
Academic studies have exhibited that “It costs society more in actual dollars to just walk past a person and let them decompose in the street than it does to simply subsidize their housing for the rest of their life.”
There are more challenges in housing the Transitional Age Youth (TAY) population, but Larry discusses some key systems that can create a positive outcome.

Resources

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. This is episode number 212 – Can We Really End Homelessness?

Production Credits [00:00:09] Produced by Innovate Learning, Maximizing Human Potential.

Dave [00:00:31] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:37] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:40] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, we have talked about the topic of homelessness many times on this show because there are so many connections, of course, to human trafficking. And today, we are so glad to be able to welcome a longtime friend of the Global Center for Women and Justice, and someone who is just really an expert on this issue. I know he’s going to teach us so much. I’m glad to welcome Larry Haynes to the show today. He is a longtime homeless advocate and executive director of Mercy House. Mercy House is a shelter and housing organization spanning throughout Southern California and parts of Arizona. Larry was also a former adjunct professor at Vanguard University and former lay preacher at Trinity Episcopal Church in Orange, California. Larry, we’re so glad to welcome you to the show.

Larry [00:01:38] Oh, it’s great to be here. Thanks for having me, guys.

Sandie [00:01:40] Well, and I’m excited because Mercy House was recognized at our Priceless event as the organization receiving our Diamond Award. And Larry was the representative to accept that award. I’ve known Larry since I came to Vanguard, I trust his leadership. He was on our very first advisory board to keep the center going during some very lean times. So, if we get a little emotional, everybody, this is a really fun bonding time. So, let us start off with how long have you been working to end homelessness, Larry?

Larry [00:02:19] Well, so I actually started in 1988, so a little over 30 years. And I started at Mercy House, I’m not its founder, but I am its original employee. And I started at Mercy House in 1990, so this next year, we’ll be celebrating my 30th year as the executive director of Mercy House

Sandie [00:02:36] Congratulations.

Larry [00:02:38] Thanks, thanks very much.

Sandie [00:02:39] So, what have you seen happen in those 30 years in how you address homelessness?

Larry [00:02:48] Well, you know, I think there’s a lot that’s changed, right? Everybody thinks they know how to help because intuitively, you see somebody homeless, you think of shelter, or food kitchen, or you know, that sort of thing. And that’s all understandable, but I think the most significant change from today, as opposed to when I first started, is this notion and it was in your title and we end homelessness. And, you know, when we first started the 80s, that would have just simply been, you know, an absurd conversation. It wouldn’t even have it on the table. So, consequently, because of that, a lot of our actions when it came to homelessness, was really from the perspective of charity, not justice. It was more I’m going to do this thing that feels nice and is charitable and it has some goodness to it, but not really serious about in making a societal difference. Right? You know, maybe like, you know, the old slogan, you know, “one person at a time” kind of thing, but not real systemic or structural change. Well, several years ago, you know, a number of us had sort of this epiphany, which is that you know, what if we changed our consciousness? What if we change the conversation to, you know, nor are we going to manage homelessness, but what would happen if we actually tried to end it? And from that, all sorts of things that happened, you know, more of an emphasis on getting people into housing right away as opposed to shelter.

Sandie [00:04:12] Stop right there and tell us the difference between shelter and housing.

Larry [00:04:17] Well, the biggest difference and the most obvious difference is the length of stay. I mean, you go to a shelter and it’s for a certain period of time, generally speaking. Whereas housing, it’s your home, right? You are there. You are a tenant. But it’s really more than that. It’s also sort of psychological for the person as well. As long as you are in a shelter, you are sort of at someone’s mercy. You are sort of there because someone’s allowing you to stay there. While housing, properly speaking, actually comes with all sorts of different rights. I mean, once you are a tenant, you have tenant’s rights, it doesn’t matter if you’re very rich or very poor. I mean, one of the great things about this country is that rights are supposed to extend beyond socioeconomic lines. And that is something that is a bit of a game-changer. Also, we also have to be really specific when we talk about we’re going to end homelessness and we get them in housing. Housing is the end of homelessness. That’s the end goal that we’re all trying to reach. Also, I was referencing, and I think you picked up on it, was and it is probably one of the biggest innovations in the last several years, at least the last 10 years, has been this concept of the housing first philosophy. And that’s a monumental change. And prior to housing first, what we did was- we would get somebody in one of our shelters and we try and fix them. We would say, OK, we’re going to get you clean and sober, we’re going to get you a job, we’re going to get you financial literacy. You bring in, you know, skills classes. But whatever it might be, we’re going to hold you at the shelter for a long time, and if you improve, if you get fixed, well then you are entitled to get into housing, and you go on your merry way. The housing first concept actually inverts that whole process. Housing First wants to say, housing ...

211 – Why Is There a Public-Private Partnership Advisory Council? Nov 18, 2019

Show notes

The White House has officially announced President Trump’s intent to appoint Dr. Sandra Morgan, the Director of the Global Center for Women and Justice (GCWJ), to a two-year term as a Member of the Public-Private Partnership Advisory Council to End Human Trafficking. Sandie and Dave Stachowiak discuss the purpose of the advisory council and what it means moving forward.

Key Points

The Public-Private Partnership Advisory Council was established by Senate Bill 1312, a bipartisan legislative mandate of the reauthorization of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA).
The Advisory Council ensures US government policies and programs use best practices in their victim prevention, rehabilitation and aftercare efforts.
Sandie is honored to join the Advisory Council and will advocate for victims and encourage a victim-centered, trauma-informed approach to national anti-trafficking efforts.

Resources

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. This is episode number 211 – Why Is There a Public-Private Partnership Advisory Council?

Production Credits [00:00:11] Produced by Innovate Learning, Maximizing Human Potential.

Dave [00:00:32] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:38] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:40] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, I was in my email box a few days ago as I tend to be four or five hours a day, it seems like. And I pull up an email, which I had a little heads up on was coming. But here’s how the email starts, “The White House has officially announced President Trump’s intent to appoint Dr. Sandra Morgan, the director of the Global Center for Women and Justice, to a two-year term as a member of the Public-private Partnership Advisory Council to End Human Trafficking. The Public-private Partnership Advisory Council was established by Senate Bill 1312, a bipartisan legislative mandate of the reauthorization of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act. The Advisory Council ensures U.S. government policies and programs use best practices and their victim prevention, rehabilitation and aftercare programs. Dr. Sandra Morgan is recognized globally for her expertise in combating human trafficking and working to end violence against women and children. She brings together diverse stakeholders to collaborate effectively for research, education, and advocacy directly related to the exploitation of women and children. Her Ending Human Trafficking podcast has listeners in 92 countries and is now housed in the Library of Congress as a resource to practitioners and the public.” Sandie, I don’t know if I’m legit enough anymore to be on this episode with you. Congratulations.

Sandie [00:02:12] Thank you. Thank you. You know, it is such an honor to be invited to be part of this advisory council where I get to use the rich background, a lot I’ve learned through our listeners, all of our guests, our partners in our local community, in order to be part of a voice for change and for strengthening our victim centered, trauma informed approach to our own national anti-human trafficking efforts right here in the USA.

Dave [00:02:48] It’s really an amazing opportunity for you, for the Global Center for Women and Justice, most importantly for victims of trafficking, that this not only your involvement, but more importantly, that this has been formed and work together to bring people in partnership together. And I have so, many questions about it, Sandie, and you had given me a heads up that this may be coming up. Before we get into what it is, how did this happen? How did this come up for you that the White House reached out to, you know?

Sandie [00:03:17] I think it is a very old principle. I remember way back in our, Jean and my, college days, sitting in church one day and Dr. George O. Wood said he had a poem he wanted the entire community to learn. And he said, let’s start with the first verse and we’ll practice it. And he said, “plod on, plod on, plod on, plod on, plod on, plod on.” He said, “Now we can do the second verse if you want to plod on, plod on” and you get the drift. And so, the reason this happened isn’t because I was like a rising star. It’s because I’ve been doing this for a very, very long time. And along the way, I’ve incorporated other people in my journey, I’ve brought people together. But my own background in pediatric nursing was a great foundation. My leadership in my church, my opportunity to teach in an academic setting, and then to serve in my own local Orange County Human Trafficking Task Force. You bring all of those pieces together and you have just the right pieces, the convergence of those streams to be able to actually have something to input in an advisory council that is about public-private partnerships. We talk a lot at the Global Center about research, education, advo...

210 – Collaboration: There Will be Challenges Nov 04, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak are joined by Erin Albright, the former Director of the New Hampshire Human Trafficking Collaborative Task Force. She has over 12 years of experience in the anti-trafficking field and specializes in building organizational capacity and multidisciplinary collaboration through leadership, training, and consultation with service providers, law enforcement, task forces, and lawmakers. Together they look at building a multidisciplinary collaboration to respond to human trafficking.

Key Points

Collaboration is a process that is difficult and will take work.
Three critical elements of building a task force are leadership, structure, and culture.
Subcommittees or any substructure should develop an overarching purpose statement and some specific goals in order to help keep people aligned with each other.
Setting the tone within a group that collaborates can truly make or break the group because it sets the stage for growth in really positive ways.
Reasons to understand roles and responsibilities: 1) It mitigates conflict within a multidisciplinary team. 2) Roles help avoid confusion for the victim. 3) It can help identify gaps in manpower and training. 4) It helps individuals maintain role integrity. 5) Lastly, roles help manage expectations across the team.

Resources

Developing Your Labor Trafficking Threat Assessment Webinar

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. This is episode number 210 – Collaboration: There Will be Challenges.

Production Credits [00:00:08] Produced by Innovate Learning, Maximizing Human Potential.

Dave [00:00:30] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:35] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:38] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, a word today that has come up a lot in our conversations over the years, and the word is collaboration. But I think we’re going to dive in a bit further than we have in the past on collaboration.

Sandie [00:00:58] Absolutely.

Dave [00:00:59] I am glad to welcome to the show today, Erin Albright. She is the former director of the New Hampshire Human Trafficking Collaborative Task Force. She has over 12 years of experience in the anti-trafficking field and specializes in building organizational capacity and multidisciplinary collaboration through leadership, training, and consultation with service providers, law enforcement, task forces, and lawmakers. She recently completed a three-year visiting fellowship with the U.S. Department of Justice Office for Victims of Crime, where she focused on improving victim-centered response strategies, developing capacity-building tools and training for labor trafficking, and building multidisciplinary collaboration to respond to human trafficking. Erin, we’re so glad to welcome you to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast.

Erin [00:01:48] Thanks so much. It’s good to be here.

Sandie [00:01:50] Well, and I met you when you were in New Hampshire, and I was out there doing some healthcare provider training, I think. And I have followed you because Derek Marsh was kind of the B.J.A. Counterpart to your O.V.C. Fellowship Training Task Forces. And so, this idea of collaboration for task forces is very directive in the grant world. So, now human trafficking task force grants are often labeled enhanced collaborative model because we have people from very different sectors with competing agendas. So, you have law enforcement and maybe their big goal is to find the bad guy and put him in jail. And victim services who want to do the very best they can to do a rescue and restoration, and they may be very focused on protecting their client. And so how do you build a collaborative model? I studied quite a bit of William Wilberforce’s efforts to end the trans-Atlantic slave trade. And he talked about overlapping networks and can really inform how we can build better and stronger collaborations by understanding this idea of overlapping networks. It doesn’t mean we all join the same circle and do everything the same way. We still maintain our individual identities and we work to figure out how we can work together to achieve a greater goal. So, that’s kind of my intro to frame this conversation. And I’d love to hear from you, Erin, about the pieces of that process that are significant for you.

Erin [00:03:53] Yes. Well, I had actually never heard of that overlapping network analogy in the past. And I think it’s brilliant. It definitely describes exactly what we’ve recognized to be necessary in the anti-trafficking world. And you’re right that in the grant-funded world, with respect to trafficking, over the past probably decade and a half, folks have really recognized that no one can do it alone. So, this term collaboration keeps popping up and it very much does look like there are overlap networks. And I think for me and the work that I do is about untangling some of those networks where they do overlap with each other and figuring out exactly how they work, why they’re not working, what some of the challenges are. So, you’ll hear a lot of folks talk about, you know, collaboration, it’s heavily dependent on building relationships with other fields. And that’s true. But a lot of the work I do try to dig even deeper into that, where I’m looking at some of the more minutia parts, how are these folks in this group that come from these different worlds, how are they actually interacting with each other? And what are the really subtle problems that maybe nobody’s recognizing because they are coming from these different spaces and sometimes, they need a little bit of help and support to tease out what those issues are because more often than not, they’re not readily apparent. So, that’s a lot of work that I do. And like you said, it’s critical to making the human trafficking task forces work, which in turn are critical to being able to actually identify and support victims and hold perpetrators accountable.

Sandie [00:05:26] So, when I have reviewed this a bit more, I’ve noticed that you emphasized structure. What is it about structure that is so important, especially in leadership?

Erin [00:05:39] Well, I think that there are three really critical elements of building a task force. And like you just said, leadership and structure are two of them, and then I think culture is the third one. But for me, you know, you need a strong leader to be able to navigate all the twists and turns and complication of bringing together these disparate parties who have similar and overlapping interests, but not the exact same interests. But then what that does is then speak to a structure. You need a leader and a team structure that’s going to be supporti...

209 – Who’s Watching the Watchdog? Is Supply Chain Transparency Working? Oct 20, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak are joined by Benjamin Thomas Greer. His role at the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services is as a Subject Matter Expert in the field of human trafficking and child sexual exploitation; specifically instructing and developing human trafficking courses for law enforcing and emergency personnel. They discuss the complexities and challenges of the California Supply Chain Act and how consumers can be advocates for ending modern day slavery within supply chains.

Key Points

As the global economy extends, consumers are likely less aware of where the products they purhcase come from and how they’re assembled, but it’s more important than ever to remain thoughtful of the supply chain.
The California Supply Chain Transparency Act does not require a company to affirmatively investigate their supply chain, but it does require the businesses to post on their website home page what efforts, if any, that they do to ensure that forced labor or exploitation is not a part of their chain.

Resources

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. This is episode number 209, Who’s Watching the Watchdog? Is Supply Chain Transparency Working?

Production Credits [00:00:11] Produced by Innovate Learning, Maximizing Human Potential.

Dave [00:00:31] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:37] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:39] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, for you to be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, I’m really interested in this conversation today as I am in virtually every conversation we have because we’re going to dive in on supply chain transparency. And this is something we’ve talked a lot about, and yet I don’t have a clear answer in my mind as to the question that we’re posing in this title, which is who’s watching the watchdog? This is a big question, right?

Sandie [00:01:09] It’s going to be a great interview.

Dave [00:01:11] I am glad to welcome to the show today, Benjamin Thomas Greer. He is in the role at the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services as a subject matter expert in the field of human trafficking and child sexual exploitation. Specifically, he’s instructing and developing human trafficking courses for law enforcement and emergency personnel. Before joining Cal OES, he served as a special deputy attorney general with the California Department of Justice, office of the attorney general. There he led a team and a comprehensive report for the California attorney general entitled The State of Human Trafficking in California back in 2012. He has published numerous American law review and international journal articles and has presented and lectured in 10 different countries. Benjamin, so glad to welcome you to our show.

Benjamin [00:02:02] Thank you very much for having me.

Sandie [00:02:03] Well, I’m really excited to have you because I’ve been really impressed with how many articles you’ve researched and written and published, and I’ve especially been interested and followed your writing on supply chain transparency. And one of the articles that were really gripping was “Who’s watching the watchdog?” So, I thought we could have a conversation today about the efficacy of supply chain transparency. Are you up for that?

Benjamin [00:02:33] Absolutely, I’d love to.

Sandie [00:02:34] Okay. So, let’s just start with, would you explain why we support this idea of supply chain transparency? What does that mean to ending human trafficking?

Benjamin [00:02:49] Well, as we’ve seen in the last couple of decades, as the global economy extends and reaches into farther regions of the globe, consumers are probably less aware of where the products that they purchase come from and how they’re assembled. And that is individuals who want to exploit labor, the opportunity to coerce or force victims around the world in either the mining or manufacturing of raw minerals, manufacturing or assembly of products. And so, it’s really important for consumers if they want to be thoughtful and impactful consumers to understand the supply chain of the products that they’re purchasing.

Sandie [00:03:35] Okay. So, I was very excited when California passed the California Supply Chain Transparency Act. What does that actually do for us?

Benjamin [00:03:51] Well, first of all, California was the first government, either local, state or federal in the world to require such a disclosure. There are maybe some fundamental misunderstandings about what exactly what the California Supply Chain Transparency Act does. It does not require a company to affirmatively investigate their supply chain, but what it does do, is it requires the businesses to post on their home page what efforts, if any, that they do to ensure that forced labor or exploitation is not a part of their chain. So, a company would be in full compliance if they would literally post on their home page, we do nothing to investigate our supply chain. In my reading of the law, they would be in full compliance.

Sandie [00:04:41] That’s really disturbing. But with the focus on cause related marketing, corporate social responsibility. Are there some big companies that are actually going beyond the stated compliance requirements?

Benjamin [00:05:01] Absolutely. There are, you know, many companies have seen this as an opportunity to demonstrate to their consumer base and potentially new consumers that they are good corporate citizens, that they have meaningful oversight and procedures in place. And that was really kind of the design legislatively behind the California law is that it really wanted to provide the consumer with the information so that the consumer can influence corporate behavior through the use of their money and which products they wanted to support.

Sandie [00:05:38] OK, so this is basically a legislative initiative that encourages moral business behavior, right.?

Benjamin [00:05:50] Yes. By giving the consumer information and then the consumer can choose which corporate moral behavior they want to support.

Sandie [00:06:00] So, I’ve been the consumer and gone to a Webpage and not found anything that inspires me to be loyal to that brand. And I’ve called and usually all I get, and they are in compliance, is we have a zero-tolerance policy against slavery. Well, my next question is, so what do you do? And they don’t have an answer for that. And so that was part of the reason I was really interested in your article on opaque transparency. You’re very goo...

208 – The Intersection of Children’s Rights and Combating Human Trafficking Oct 06, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak are joined by one of our 2019 Priceless speakers, Rabbi Diana Gerson. Diana is the associate executive vice president of the New York Board of Rabbis. She advocates for confronting issues such as family violence, sexual abuse, and the exploitation of children by reaching across faith communities. This episode focuses on the intersection of children’s right and human trafficking and how our community, especially faith-based ones, can influence this battle.

Key Points

One of the largest initiatives globally is the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which was written and ratified by the United Nations in 1989. This is the most widely ratified human rights treaty in the history of our global society, yet the only country who has not ratified this document to date is the United States.
We need to be mindful of the images we share of our children, because they are susceptible to becoming child abuse material.
The whole community, not just parents, has to be aware of the risks and the behaviors of people that might take advantage of their position. For every one adult that has training, at least ten children are safer in their communities.

Resources

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. This is episode number 208, The Intersection of Children’s Rights and Combating Human Trafficking.

Production Credits [00:00:10] Produced by Innovate Learning, maximizing human potential.

Dave [00:00:31] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:36] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:38] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, our regular listeners will remember hearing about the Priceless event that we host every year. And also, today we’re going to really dive in on one of the speakers from the event, aren’t we?

Sandie [00:01:01] Yes, I’m so excited to host Rabbi Diana Gerson.

Dave [00:01:06] Rabbi Diana Gerson is the associate executive vice president of the New York Board of Rabbis. She has been a leading advocate with the New York Board of Rabbis role in confronting family violence, sexual abuse, and the exploitation of children by reaching across faith communities. Rabbi Gerson has developed programs for the New York City’s mayor’s office to combat domestic violence and has provided prevention education to thousands of community leaders and clergy, whose roles she considers critical to ending sexual exploitation and all forms of violence against children. In addition, she also serves on the international steering committee for the interfaith forum on child dignity in the digital world. She received her master’s degree and rabbinic ordination in 2001 from the Hebrew Union College Jewish Institute of Religion in New York City. Diana, we’re so glad to welcome you to the show.

Diana [00:02:00] Thank you so much for having me. You guys are doing incredibly important and critical work bringing people together for a common cause.

Sandie [00:02:08] And many of our listeners will remember Ernie Allen. And so big shout out to Ernie because he’s the one who introduced Diana and I. And that’s how she came to Vanguard to speak for our Priceless event this year. And it was such a great program and her message was right on target, and the response was incredible so welcome today.

Diana [00:02:37] Thank you so much for having me. And absolutely, Ernie Allen always brings the best people together, he’s really one of the great connectors.

Sandie [00:02:45] So, talking about connections. Let’s talk a little bit about how our work intersects, my work on human trafficking and your work on children’s rights. What do you think are the most common denominators there?

Diana [00:03:02] Well, we’re talking about vulnerable populations, Sandie. Wherever we look there are vulnerable people amongst us, whether they understand that or not, whether they identify as bad or not. And it’s our job really to create safe spaces and opportunities for prevention, and effective responsible response, as well as collaboration.

Sandie [00:03:26] So, one of the big initiatives globally is the Convention on Children’s Rights, right?

Diana [00:03:36] Absolutely. Celebrating its 30th anniversary this November 20th.

Sandie [00:03:40] Do you want to kind of break that down for people who haven’t heard of that before? What is it? What’s its purpose? How does it help our initiative?

Diana [00:03:51] So, the Convention on the Rights of the Child is written and ratified by the United Nations voted on and by the United Nations November 20th of 1989, if you can remember back that far. And it brought together all the countries of the world and was saying that children’s rights are human rights, and we need to do our utmost to protect children because they are vulnerable, and they have no effective voice in government. After all, a five-year-old isn’t going to be able to reach their elected officials or their leader and say, “hey, someone’s got to protect me over here.” And so, it’s set forth a number of policies and protocols for governments to basically set a bar to protect children within community. And it really was a remarkable day, as it went around the world and it is the most widely ratified human rights treaty in the history of our global society.

Sandie [00:04:48] I did not know that. Wow.

Diana [00:04:50] Yes. There’s only one country who has not ratified this document to date.

Sandie [00:04:55] Wow.

Diana [00:04:55] And that’s the United States, very frustrating.

Sandie [00:04:57] We really need to investigate what that is all about.

Diana [00:05:03] Well, I’ve had many many conversations with children’s rights experts and legal experts, and I have heard all kinds of reasons thrown around as to why the Convention on the Rights of the Child has not been ratified by the United States. It was signed at the time, by the president, but it was never ratified by Congress. And while there’s always a movement afoot to try and get it through Senate, which is where we ratify all international treaties that are binding, we don’t seem to have any political will to get this done at this point and not quite sure why but I can posit many guesses, which makes me a great you know guesstimater but not a real critical answer to the question. But it doesn’...

207 – The Harms of Institutionalizing Children Sep 22, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak are joined by Leonie Webster, a U.K. trained healthcare and clinical professional. They discuss the downfalls of institutionalized living and a harm reduction model that could provide a solution.

Key Points

Typical consequences of institutional living can include disturbances or delays in psycho social relationships,learning, cognitive development, physical growth, speech, social development, emotional intelligence, or boundary setting.
Having a primary caregiver to respond to infants will promote healthy cognitive development, but in institutional settings there lacks consistency of employed caregivers, which promotes one of the greatest challenges in long term institutional living.
Leonie considers introducing a harm reduction model that includes three preventative subgroups, and is evidence-based in its approach, while remaining child-focused and trauma informed.

Resources

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. This is episode number 207, The Harms of Institutionalizing Children.

Production Credits [00:00:09] Produced by Innovate Learning, maximizing human potential.

Dave [00:00:30] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:35] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:38] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, one of the things that I so appreciate about our work together is just how many amazing and wonderful partnerships you have built around the world. And not only are those partnerships and friendships, but just how much we are able to learn from so many of the different people and organizations that you’ve had the privilege to work with over the years, and today’s no different right.

Sandie [00:01:09] Absolutely. And I have to say too, Dave, that it was such a pleasure to be on your podcast to talk about overlapping networks and this is an example of overlapping networks. I have been partnering with Open Gate International and then they introduced me to our guest today, Leonie Webster, who is a UK trained health care clinical professional, a certified nurse, midwife practitioner, and she has academic and professional expertise in neonatal, and attachment deinstitutionalization, trauma-informed care, policy and reform for prevention of child maltreatment, and it goes on and on. And she’s got 20 years of experience serving internationally. And in fact, lived in Honduras for seven years. I’m very excited to welcome Leonie to our show.

Leonie [00:02:12] Thank you for having me.

Sandie [00:02:14] Alright. So, we’re going to talk about some of your work, but let’s talk a little bit about your own personal experience and especially what you learned by living in Honduras for seven years and one of the biggest takeaways.

Leonie [00:02:30] Yes wow, where do we start? That’s a loaded question. Yes, I first went to Honduras in 2003, mainly for a short time missions’ trip to go and observe clinical need within the remit of midwifery and obstetrics. And I was thrown into the arena of orphan and vulnerable children because the clinic that I worked in was next door to an orphanage, a residential facility. And I quickly became aware of the huge needs for legally orphaned and vulnerable children at high social risk, especially in a country with high conflict and political instability.

Sandie [00:03:22] So, you were there. And were you working all the time in the orphanage?

Leonie [00:03:30] I was invited to partner with some international missionaries who were looking after 17 children in a very small beautiful Christian orphanage. And I quickly saw the realities of early institutional living for children who were legally abandoned or orphaned.

Sandie [00:03:55] And what were some of those consequences for those children in their development?

Leonie [00:04:01] So, when I was working in the orphan place, a typical affects and consequences of institutional living largely depends on the age of the entry and how long the child remains in the residential [00:04:15] facility. But I saw a catalogue of symptoms and behaviors amongst the children psychosocial relationship problems, learning delays, cognitive development delays, disturbances and delays in physical growth, speech, social development, low emotional intelligence, and inappropriate lax or absent boundaries setting. [26.5s] Many of these behaviors just seemed normal amongst the children. Also, just incidences of anxiety, withdrawal, depression. It was really quite apparent very quickly that all was not well within the walls of a Christian residential facility.

Sandie [00:05:03] And I think I want to make it really clear that all of this is well-intentioned and the basic life needs are there. There’s food, there’s a place to lay your head, there’s safety, the doors are locked, but something happens in the institutionalization of children that interferes with their normal development. And we took a team here from Vanguard to Romania one year, and one of the activities that our students did as part of touched Romania, we visited a hospital, a state-run hospital, and spent two hours holding and playing with babies and toddlers. And this was an everyday outreach activity because in the state-run facility for those babies and toddlers, there was very little staff to do that for those babies. And that’s an important aspect of their normal development, play and being held is important.

Leonie [00:06:18] Absolutely. And not only being held but being seen and being valued. And I think one of the greatest challenges of long-term institutional living is for the most part it’s run by lay personnel employers, so the children remain in a constant state of uncertainty and anxiety because they’re not parenting. And then also, there’s no guarantee that that primary caregiver the employment of the orphanage is not going to leave. So, these children who are already vulnerable and have often have symptoms of PTSD, they have no certainty that the one person who was caring for them right now will remain, so obviously an orphanage losing employers have large amounts of children to look after and certainly chose and needs of the organization often supersede the needs of the child. So, lack of autonomy, lack of individuality, lack of connection and one on one care is really lacking. Subsequently, the harmful effects on the children.

Sandie [00:07:36] Well and some cultures have a different way of approaching child rearing as well. I lived in Greece for 10 years and my background in p...

206 – Leveraging the Data in the Trafficking in Persons Report Sep 08, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak are once again joined by Chad Salitan to discuss this year’s Trafficking in Persons Report. Chad is the Deputy Senior Coordinator at the Trafficking in Persons Office of the U.S. Department of State. Chad brings knowledge on not only what the TIP Report is, but key differences in the 2019’s edition.

Key Points

Tier rankings are exclusively measuring government effort to combat human trafficking, starting at the highest with Tier 1 to the lowest at Tier 3.
There is movement every year between tiers, for 2019 specifically, there were 25 downgrades 24 upgrades.
The Tier rankings are also a good resource for grant fundings and financial aid in order to help focus available resources to countries that have the highest needs.

Resources

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. This is episode number 206, Leveraging the Data in the Trafficking in Persons Report.

Production Credits [00:00:10] Produced by Innovate Learning, maximizing human potential.

Dave [00:00:30] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:36] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:38] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, one of the resources that has been just tremendous to all of us who want to study the issues, so we can really make a difference on this issue is the Trafficking in Persons Report that’s released annually from the State Department. And we have talked about it a number of times on past episodes. And today we are pleased to welcome back to the show Chad, who’s going to really assist us in really diving in and in more detail on the most recent report.

Sandie [00:01:14] Yes and I’m, so excited to have Chad Salitan. He’s the Deputy Senior Coordinator, Trafficking in Persons office in Washington D.C. And when I started reading this year’s report, I knew we had to bring him back. He was on a podcast in March in podcast number 192, What is the Trafficking in Persons Report. And we immediately followed that with podcast 193, Child Institutionalization and Human Trafficking. So, Chad, welcome back.

Chad [00:01:47] Thank you for having me.

Sandie [00:01:49] So, let’s start off with what were your feelings about releasing this report? What was that one thing that you were the most excited about?

Chad [00:01:59] Oh, well this was report number nineteen for our office. So, we were very pleased to get this one out. Each year, it’s frankly a Herculean effort to produce this report over 500 pages. As you may have noticed your arms got heavy if you were carrying it. Well, we were producing a really comprehensive report this year and we’re really proud of our introduction, which covers the theme of encouraging governments to address all forms of human trafficking with a special emphasis on trafficking that takes place exclusively within the borders of the country. So, absent any transnational movement and it’s sometimes an overlooked part of the global human trafficking sites, that’s what we want to focus on this year.

Sandie [00:02:40] Well let’s talk about that because sometimes when I’m traveling internationally, I have this conversation and people feel that I’m not talking about human trafficking, that I’m talking about something else. And, so for me anybody that has been obtained or recruited through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for any purpose, sex or labor, that’s human trafficking. So, why would there be some confusion?

Chad [00:03:10] And I ever see the same confusion. I’ve been in countless meetings with foreign government officials where we initially have to start the conversation by really defining the type of vulnerable populations that we’re really looking to protect with our work. What we’re talking about is reinforced through international law though. The United Nations Palermo protocol is very clear that each state party of which there is over 170 countries that are part of it should establish a domestic law that explains the trafficking that occurs both within and between their borders. So, it’s already there in international law, and more importantly when you talk to practitioners, when you talk to the ILO, you look at global estimates it actually just suggests that traffickers exploit a majority of victims without moving them from one country to another. So, it’s a huge population of victims of vulnerable people that are not going across borders that we need to keep an eye on.

Sandie [00:04:08] So, can you give us a couple of examples?

Chad [00:04:11] Yes, of course. And I should add that we didn’t want to, of course, minimize the importance of transnational human trafficking, but we want to call attention to some of the phenomena that we are seeing that’s happening purely within borders. So, if you’re to say in Cambodia, for example, you know areas where there’s lack of jobs in rural areas you know try to find work in the tourist cities where there’s more foreign money coming in. Traffickers may exploit them in sex trafficking, underground massage parlors, karaoke bars, beer gardens, things like that. So, there was movement, but it wasn’t transnational, right? Another example, say in Ethiopia, where you see sadly traffickers deceiving parents of their children that live in areas where opportunities are scant and they’re sending their children with these traffickers unknowingly thinking that their children going to major cities to have a decent work, have living conditions, food security. The traffickers promise the families that the children will go to school receive wages for their work, but of course the reality is much different. We see even in places like the United Kingdom where gangs are forcing British children to carry drugs. And you know the UK National Crime Agency is reporting that the largest group of potential victims actually is U.K. nationals, that are being referred to the human trafficking network. So, cases like this where you see kind of things that are even more extant examples like in Yemen where you see the ongoing armed conflict and there’s of course a range of human rights violations. But of course, you have many parties that are using child soldiers, 842 verified cases in the last year of boys as young as 11 years old being forced to work in paramilitary groups. In the United States, not to leave us out, you know we have a huge problem with internal trafficking in traffickers preying on children, especially those coming fr...

205 – Influence Through Overlapping Networks Aug 25, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak revisit the topic of partnerships to create a larger impact. They discuss the necessity for diverse partners and how to create successful and lasting partnerships.

Key Points

Culture often changes from the top down. Engage “elites” who are outside of the centermost position of prestige.
Find avenues of agreement instead of focusing on differences.
Influence happens in exciting ways when the networks of elites and the institutions they lead overlap.
Change will mean conflict — don’t be scared of this.
The more diverse your partnerships are, the stronger your net is going to be.

Resources

Coaching for Leaders Podcast
To Change the World by James Davison Hunter
How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnegie
Global Center for Women and Justice
2019 Trafficking in Persons Report

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. This is episode 205, Influence Across Overlapping Networks.

Production Credits [00:00:10] Produced by Innovate Learning, maximizing human potential.

Dave [00:00:30] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak. And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Some of you know that I am also the host of a podcast called Coaching for Leaders. I’ve been hosting it just about as long as we’ve been producing and Ending Human Trafficking, it began back in 2011. And I help leaders to discover wisdom through insightful conversations. Sandie, has been a great partner on that show and that she has been a guest before and listens regularly. And recently, we decided to have Sandie back on to talk about how to really influence across overlapping networks. And as you’ve heard here on this show many times, Sandie is just so brilliant in how she engages in partnerships with organizations around the world. And recently I sat down with her and we did a detailed interview on how to really influence across overlapping networks and we’re sharing that interview here also as Episode 205. So, here is my interview with Sandie Morgan on Coaching for Leaders:

Dave [00:01:49] Sandie, I am so glad to have you back on the show.

Sandie [00:02:44] Thank you so much, Dave. I love listening to Coaching for Leaders and often share it as a resource to my friends that are trying to figure out how to lead well.

Dave [00:02:54] Well, I am so grateful to have you as a friend, first of all, and as a professional partner in so many capacities. And you and I, I don’t know if I guess we’ve said this maybe on the Ending Human Trafficking show, but we talk a lot on how to collaborate and share ideas. And you, I know, are borrowing things from Coaching for Leaders, and I am often borrowing your wisdom and expertise and thinking about partnerships and collaboration. And that’s I think the focus of our conversation today, is how can we, any of us as leaders, do a better job at this. And one thing that you run into a lot in your work as you have become known across the world really for your expertise in helping the world address this huge issue with human trafficking. And a lot of people reach out to you for advice and for mentorship. And actually, before that, maybe we should say a bit for those who don’t know about the issue of human trafficking. Could you frame it a little bit for us of what is the issue and why do you and so many people have your attention on it?

Sandie [00:03:58] Well I think human trafficking is not something new, it is old. If you go back to ancient literature you can find examples, in biblical stories think of Joseph whose brothers sold him. But in modern contemporary culture, we have now identified slavery as against basic human rights and human dignity, and so many traditional forms of labor exploitation are no longer tolerated, not just in the West but internationally. So, in 2000, the Palermo protocol identified when anyone was recruited or obtained for the purpose of slave labor or commercial sexual exploitation, they would be held accountable and prosecutable. And that the victims would be eligible to receive support. So, educating our community has been almost 20 years from an international perspective. The U.S. passed our Trafficking Victims Protection Act in 2000 and the Trafficking in Persons Report now that came out in June is the 19th report that they have produced. And it’s chronicled, the global rise to understanding by governments as well as not NGOs and other organizations communities of education and faith-based communities to understand not just how to identify and prosecute the bad guys but really a redirection to how do we prevent this and build communities that are safe for everyone.

Dave [00:05:55] There has been so much more attention given to this issue in recent years as you just mentioned, which is wonderful because the focus of the world has become more on this issue as a problem that needs to be addressed. My sense is this is created also an interesting scenario for you personally and leading the Center in that because so much more attention is being painted this issue, a lot of people reach out to you on a regular basis and say, “Hey I’d like to help, and oh, by the way, I’m going to be starting an organization to address this and to reach out to you for mentoring or advice.” That happens a lot, doesn’t it?

Sandie [00:06:33] Oh it does. And it’s actually one part of my job that I don’t like because I have to tell people, “I don’t think you should start something. I think you should become partners with someone who’s already doing something.” My sense is that there are so many nonprofits now all fighting human trafficking that the overhead alone could probably fund an anti-human trafficking program in one single country. This is not the best way to do something. And I actually remember having this conversation walking along the streets in Athens with a close friend and mentor saying, “should I start a non-profit, or work for the government, or work in education?” And I was at that time working as the coordinator for the Global Center for Women and Justice at Vanguard University and it became very clear in that conversation that the academic house was the b...

204 – Is Your Organization Trauma Informed and Why Should It Be? Aug 04, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak further address the importance of having a trauma-informed framework in organizations, agencies, and even in communities. Asking different questions that are trauma-sensitive can allow you to better interpret behaviors and empower individuals.

Key Points

SAMHSA identified trauma as resulting from an event, a series of events, or set of circumstances experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally harmful or life-threatening with lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and mental, physical, social, emotional, or spiritual well-being.
Trauma-informed just means that your organization has a framework to understand that the people you serve may or may not be victims of some sort of trauma in the past.
With a trauma-informed approach and using asset-based development principles, we can give clients skills to become self-sufficient and empower them to live a more positive and resilient life.
Everybody can learn from trauma-informed care principles because we all have to start thinking about how we interpret behaviors and ask different questions to better our communities.

Resources

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If you enjoyed this episode, please take a moment to subscribe or rate the podcast on iTunes by clicking here. Click here for FAQs about podcasts and how to subscribe.

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast, this is episode number 204, Is Your Organization Trauma-Informed and Why Should It Be?

Production Credits [00:00:10] Produced by Innovate Learning, maximizing human potential.

Dave [00:00:31] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:37] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:39] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in human trafficking. Sandie, we’ve certainly mentioned the word trauma on the show before. Today we’re going to dive in a lot more on what it means to be trauma-informed and why organizations should care about that. This is something that you’ve done a lot of thinking on yourself and then also with the partners, we’ve worked with, right?

Sandie [00:01:03] Yes. And over the last well since the semester ended, I’ve been to New York City, to the U.K. – five cities there, Washington D.C., and then took a team to Obera, Argentina. I had so many conversations with leaders, with organization leaders, government folks, and just sitting on the airplane talking to people, or in the airport waiting for your delayed flight to re-board. And over and over again trauma came up. It’s a word that people are talking about. We’ve talked in the past about adverse childhood experiences, which are part of the trauma that informs how a child develops. So, I thought let’s talk about it from more of a systems level. What about organizations and how they address preparing their staff to deal with people who have a past of trauma.

Dave [00:02:07] And I’m really curious of the folks you mentioned, where you’ve had those conversations on travel and with other partners and organizational leaders. What context is the word trauma coming up for them? What are you hearing?

Sandie [00:02:22] Well, a lot of frustration was what I was hearing. We rescue people and you know from previous podcasts I really try not to use the word rescue because you can recover someone and then it’s a long healing process. And so many of my conversations were around “we rescued them and now you know they’re not making the progress we thought”. Or and I know that this probably doesn’t sound very nice but sometimes people in the service industry and in the nonprofit world they get tired, they become disillusioned and they begin to question well if they don’t want to change, I guess I can’t do anything about that. So, they take a rather fatalistic approach, they may even begin to blame the victim. By that I mean, “well if they’re not going to do what we told them to do, then we can’t help it if we’re not getting the results.” And so, they want to know what we should do because we’re not making the progress that we wanted to make.

Dave [00:03:37] You mentioned the distinction between the word rescue and recovery, and we’ve talked about this on the podcast before that the language we use is really important as far as our mindset. When you think about language and just what we mean by trauma, there are things that come up for me when I think of the word trauma but I’m guessing that’s limited in comparison to the things that we really should be thinking about with trauma.

Sandie [00:04:05] Well and I want to distinguish between PTSD and just generalized trauma. And PTSD, we’ve talked about in the previous podcast that can be part of the trauma response that we may have. But I just want to focus on basic general trauma and how to be trauma-informed. And so in this definition, which is from the SAMHSA website, which is our Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration, and they have great resources I’ll put some links in the show notes, but they identify trauma as resulting from an event, a series of events, or set of circumstances experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally harmful or life-threatening with lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and mental, physical, social, emotional, or spiritual well-being. So, we’re not talking just about physical abuse or just about psychological abuse, it could be anything, but if it causes a lasting effect on that person’s sense of well-being then it’s defined as trauma. And we have a significant ability to remember the feelings that we had and not necessarily remember the circumstances.

Dave [00:05:40] When trauma shows up, what does it look like?

Sandie [00:05:43] Well, and this is what becomes very frustrating for people who are working in difficult circumstances as a service provider, a law enforcement officer, a teacher, even a university teacher. It looks like difficulty following through on commitments, or avoiding meetings and other isolating behaviors, and engaging in a lot of interpersonal conflict, being really easily agitated and becoming aggressive, and often demonstrating the lack of trust and even kind of a conspiracy thing everybody’s against me- they’ve all targeted me. And then it just doesn’t make sense, but they end up in those same kinds of abusive relationships and often to completely escape that, they start using substances.

Dave [00...

203 – The 5th P: Policy Jul 22, 2019

Show notes

Dr. Sandie Morgan and Dave Stachowiak welcome Derek Marsh to the show again to talk about the importance of policy. Derek reveals how policy makes things explicit within the Five P Model. Policy is significant in creating a human rights focus that promotes sustainable anti-human trafficking efforts.

Key Points

The Online Anti-Human Trafficking Certificate concentrates on the Five P Model: partnership, prevention, protection, prosecution, and policy.
The policy component was added to address unique issues in implementation in order to create a human rights focus.
Law is not enough, we need to develop policies and procedures that allow legislation to be effectively implemented.
Policy can also protect the viability of partnerships by creating an understanding of what everyone’s roles and responsibilities are.
Your last step in actually working on the Five Ps is to have a written policy that addresses each individual P more directly, which then achieves the goal to support and sustain anti-human trafficking efforts.

Resources

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Transcript

Dave [00:00:00] You’re listening to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. This is episode number 203: The Fifth P: Policy.

Production Credits [00:00:09] Produced by Innovate Learning, maximizing human potential.

Dave [00:00:29] Welcome to the Ending Human Trafficking Podcast. My name is Dave Stachowiak.

Sandie [00:00:35] And my name is Sandie Morgan.

Dave [00:00:37] And this is the show where we empower you to study the issues, be a voice, and make a difference in ending human trafficking. Sandie, the topic today, The Fifth P: Policy. There’s a fifth P?

Sandie [00:00:49] There’s a fifth P.

Dave [00:00:52] Wow.

Sandie [00:00:52] Yeah, I’m excited about it. I’m also excited that we have as our guest, the Assistant Director of the Global Center for Women and Justice.

Dave [00:00:59] We do. I don’t know how many times Derek Marsh has appeared on the show, Sandie, but I’ve lost count- it’s that many times, certainly three or four times since, and in a couple of capacities. We’re so glad to welcome back to the show Derek Marsh today. He is the assistant director of the Global Center for Women and Justice. And he was previously with the Westminster Police Department, and in 2003 he retired as Deputy Chief after more than 26 years of service. In 2004, he co-founded the Orange County Human Trafficking Task Force, which you hear about often on the show. He served as the co-chair of the task force from 2004 to 2012, at which time he developed and taught courses in human trafficking locally and across the state of California, supervised human trafficking investigations, and assisted in creating anti-human trafficking DVDs for state and federal grants, and wrote and managed multiple grants and provided congressional testimony twice as an expert witness. Today, with our Global Center for Women and Justice, Derek’s work focuses on the Online Anti-Human Trafficking Certificate Program, grant writing, budget, and developing and providing local, national, and global outreach and training programs and opportunities for first responders and frontline workers. Derek also has a M.A. in Human Behavior and an M.B.A. In Police Management and Leadership. Derek, so glad to welcome you back to the show.

Derek [00:02:24] Well, thanks for having me back again. I appreciate it.

Sandie [00:02:26] Well, it’s good cause Derek and I just got back a few days ago from Argentina, where he was implementing all of that training knowledge that he has- training law enforcement, community leaders, along with the rest of our team. So, it’s always great to share his expertise with our Ending Human Trafficking partners.

Derek [00:02:47] It’s always great to have a chance to go global a little bit and apply what we learned here and show that it’s applicable no matter where we go.

Sandie [00:02:55] And one of the things I’ve really appreciated at the Global Center is how you have intentionally designed and really enhanced the Anti-Human Trafficking Certificate. So, since you’ve been the Assistant Director, we’ve added a labor trafficking course, which kudos to you for that. And now we’re actually in the Fall, revising the whole program. Do you want to talk about what that’s going to look like?

Derek [00:03:27] Sure. What we’re trying to do is trying to kind of mesh our courses with other courses that are being offered in the online format, so that we can be actually a concentration for other majors that are currently being offered in the online course format. So, we’re going to have five weeks and we’re going to have all of our courses work on the Five Key Model. So, we’re going to be looking at partnership, prevention, protection, prosecution, now policy as being each week an overall theme for the different topics that we’re going to be talking about and the different courses, and of course labor trafficking being the newest topic but we’re also still doing our commercial sexual exploitation of children, our human trafficking ethics, our human trafficking course, our aftercare course, all those courses contribute to our Anti-Human Trafficking Certificate. We’re looking forward to fine tuning these courses and adding more in the future.

Sandie [00:04:19] Okay. I’m excited about that. For those of you who are listening while you’re driving, when you get home please go to the Webpage and pull up the PDF of the Enhanced Collaborative Model for Human Trafficking Task Forces. This diagram that Derek has developed is color coded so that you can get an idea of the holistic nature. And it starts with a victim-centered trauma-informed approach and the partnership component is wrapped around the prevention, protection, prosecution, and policy. But our ultimate goal is to prioritize people over process. And do you want to explain your thinking in how you designed this model?

Derek [00:05:13] Sure Sandie, and I would like to say I’d love to take full credit for this on my own, and the bottom line is I’ve been working all these years on trying to represent as succinctly as I can the federal model that’s been espoused since I started getting involved in 2004 and really was created back in 2000-2001 book by the United Nations and by our federal government. So, the idea here is that the background for our Enhanced Collaborative Model has always been the victim-centered trauma-informed approach. Our victims come first, we want to make sure we don’t re-traumatize them when we find them. And so are our move from our criminal justice system, where we focus on ou...

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