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    Education

    Derek Sivers podcast

    Derek Sivers very short articles and audiobook chapters, read by Derek Sivers. Transcripts at https://sive.rs/blog

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    Copyright: © 2022 Derek Sivers

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    Latest Episodes:
    A business model with only two numbers Jul 05, 2011
    Show notes

    Like most people, I had no idea what to charge.

    So I went to the local record store in Woodstock, where they had some local musicians’ CDs on the counter. I asked the woman at the store, “How does it work if I sell my CD here?”

    She said, “You set the selling price at whatever you want. We keep a flat $4 cut. And we pay you every week.”

    So I went home and wrote, on my new cdbaby.com website, “You set the selling price at whatever you want. We keep a flat $4 cut. And we pay you every week.”

    I figured if it worked for her, it was fine for me.

    Because it was taking me about forty-five minutes of work to add a new album to the site, I also had to charge $25 per album as compensation for my time. (Shows you how much I thought my time was worth in those days.) A few days later, I realized that $35 feels about the same as $25, so I bumped it up to $35 per album, which left me room to give discounts and still make a profit.

    And that’s it! Six years and $10 million later, those same two numbers were the sole source of income for the company: a $35 setup fee and a $4 cut per CD sold.

    A business plan should never take more than a few hours of work. Hopefully no more than a few minutes. The best plans start simple. A quick glance and common sense should tell you if the numbers will work. The rest are details.


    Make a dream come true Jul 04, 2011
    Show notes

    Selling my friends’ CDs was starting to take up a lot of my time. I realized I had accidentally started a business. But I didn’t want to start a business! I was already living my dream life as a full-time musician. I didn’t want anything to distract me from that.

    So, I thought that by taking an unrealistically utopian approach, I could keep the business from growing too much. Instead of trying to make it big, I was going to make it small. It was the opposite of ambition, so I had to think in a way that was the opposite of ambitious.

    I wrote down my utopian dream-come-true distribution deal from my musician’s point of view. In a perfect world, my distributor would...

    1. Pay me every week.
    2. Show me the full name and address of everyone who bought my CD. (Because those are my fans, not the distributor’s.)
    3. Never kick me out for not selling enough. (Even if I sell only one CD every five years, it’ll be there for someone to buy.)
    4. Never allow paid placement. (Because it’s not fair to those who can’t afford it.)

    That’s it! That was my mission. I liked it. It was a worthy hobby. I named it CD Baby, and put my friends’ CDs there.

    Those four points were like a mission statement. I wrote them on the site, talked about them at every conference, and made sure everyone I worked with knew them.

    The key point is that I wasn’t trying to make a big business. I was just daydreaming about how one little thing would look in a perfect world.

    When you make a business, you get to make a little universe where you control all the laws. This is your utopia.

    When you make it a dream come true for yourself, it’ll be a dream come true for someone else, too.


    Just selling my CD Jul 03, 2011
    Show notes

    This story begins in 1997. I was a professional musician, age 27. I was making a full-time living just playing music — playing lots of gigs around the U.S. and Europe, producing people’s records, playing on people’s records, and running a little recording studio. I was even the musician and MC for a circus.

    My bank account was always low, but never empty. I made enough money to buy a house in Woodstock, New York. I was living a musician’s dream.

    I made a CD of my music, and sold 1500 copies at my concerts. I wanted to sell it online, but there were no businesses that would sell independent music online. Not one. I called up the big online record stores and they all told me the same thing: The only way I could get my CD into their online stores was through a major distributor.

    Music distribution was an awful racket. Getting a distribution deal was as hard as getting a record deal. Distributors were notorious for taking thousands of CDs, and paying you a year later, if ever. Record labels with deep pockets would buy expensive promotional placement, and the rest of us would just sit in the bin. If you didn’t sell well in the first few months, you were kicked out of the system.

    It’s not that distributors were evil. It was just an awful system, and I wanted nothing to do with it.

    So when the big online record stores told me they couldn’t sell my CD directly, I thought, “Ah, screw it. I’ll just set up my own online store. How hard could it be?”

    But it was hard! In 1997, PayPal didn’t exist, so I had to get a credit card merchant account, which cost $1000 in setup fees and took three months of paperwork. The bank even had to send an inspector out to my location to make sure I was a valid business. Then I had to figure out how to build a shopping cart. I didn’t know any programming, but I copied some examples from a programming book, with lots of trial and error.

    Finally, though, I had a “buy now” button on my website! In 1997 this was a big deal.

    When I told my musician friends about my “buy now” button, one friend asked, “Could you sell my CD, too?”

    I thought about it for a minute and said, “Sure. No problem.” I just did it as a favor. It took me a couple hours to get him added into my system. I made a separate page for his CD on my band’s website.

    Then two other friends asked if I could sell their CDs. Then I started getting calls from strangers saying, “My friend Dave said you could sell my CD?” The calls and emails kept coming. I said yes to all.

    Two popular online music leaders announced it to their mailing lists. (Bryan Baker from Gajoob, and David Hooper. Thanks, guys!) Fifty more musicians signed up.

    This was meant to be just a favor I was doing for a few friends. Hmmm…


    What’s your compass? Jul 02, 2011
    Show notes

    Most people don’t know why they’re doing what they’re doing. They imitate others, go with the flow, and follow paths without making their own.

    They spend decades in pursuit of something that someone convinced them they should want, without realizing that it won’t make them happy.

    Don’t be on your deathbed someday, having squandered your one chance at life, full of regret because you pursued little distractions instead of big dreams.

    You need to know your personal philosophy of what makes you happy and what’s worth doing.

    In the following stories, you’ll notice some common themes. These are my philosophies from the ten years I spent starting and growing a small business.

    • Business is not about money. It’s about making dreams come true for others and for yourself.
    • Making a company is a great way to improve the world while improving yourself.
    • When you make a company, you make a utopia. It’s where you design your perfect world.
    • Never do anything just for the money.
    • Don’t pursue business just for your own gain. Only answer the calls for help.
    • Success comes from persistently improving and inventing, not from persistently promoting what’s not working.
    • Your business plan is moot. You don’t know what people really want until you start doing it.
    • Starting with no money is an advantage. You don’t need money to start helping people.
    • You can’t please everyone, so proudly exclude people.
    • Make yourself unnecessary to the running of your business.
    • The real point of doing anything is to be happy, so do only what makes you happy.

    What do these statements mean? What’s the context? How are you supposed to apply them to your own situation?

    Well… I don’t love talking about myself, but for the lessons to make sense, I have to tell you my tale.


    Ten years of experience in one hour Jul 01, 2011
    Show notes

    From 1998 to 2008, I had this wild experience of starting a little hobby, accidentally growing it into a big business, and then selling it for $22 million. So now people want to hear my thoughts.

    People ask me about that experience, so I tell stories about how it went for me. Many of them are about all the things I did wrong. I made some horrible mistakes.

    People ask my advice on how to approach situations in their lives or businesses, so I explain how I approach things. But my approach is just one way, and I could argue against it as well.

    I’m not really suggesting that anyone should be like me. I’m pretty unusual, so what works for me might not work for others. But enough people thought that my stories and the philosophies I developed from this experience were worth sharing, so here we are.

    This is most of what I learned in ten years, compacted into something you can read in an hour.

    I hope you find these ideas useful for your own life or business. I also hope you disagree with some of them. Then I hope you email me to tell me about your different point of view, because that’s my favorite part of all.

    (I’m a student, not a guru.)


    Projecting meaning Jun 23, 2011
    Show notes

    Chinese characters look complicated, but they’re mostly made up of smaller, simpler characters. For example:

    • language 语 = words 讠 + five 五 + mouth 口
    • thanks 谢 = words 讠 + body 身 + inch 寸
    • younger sister 妹 = woman 女 + not-yet 未
    • you 你 = person 人 + bow 𠂉 + small 小
    • name 名 = evening 夕 + mouth 口

    I love learning these because every character is like a tiny poem.

    A language is words that five mouths speak?

    When you say “thanks”, you speak words that give a body an inch of space?

    Your name is what’s spoken by a mouth in the evening? That’s kind of romantic.

    The stories are so vivid. I try to imagine the historical or cultural meaning behind each one.

    …

    Talking Heads was a great band from 1975 to 1988. Their lyrics were evocative and mysterious — specific but vague — and made you wonder what they were really about.

    David Byrne, the main songwriter of Talking Heads, later said that most of their lyrics were just random. He would write little phrases on pieces of paper, throw them into a bowl, and shuffle them. Then he’d randomly pull some out of the bowl and put them into the song.

    He did this because he liked how the listener creates meaning that wasn’t intended. Hearing one phrase next to another makes you assume they’re connected in a meaningful way. But nope. It was just random. You made that meaning yourself.

    …

    I got a Chinese dictionary to find out the meaning behind the words I was learning. I found out that many of them are just phonetic! Those components were not chosen for their meaning; they were chosen just for their sound! So I’ve just been putting the meanings into them myself. They actually had no meaning.

    But even knowing that, I choose to keep doing it. It’s poetic. It’s beautiful. Making stories helps me memorize them.

    But how many other things in life really have no meaning?

    She was born April 12. He was born September 12. What does it mean?

    One day you ride your bike instead of taking the bus. That day your usual bus gets into a big accident. What does it mean?

    A black cat crosses your path as you walk under a ladder on Friday the 13th. What does it mean?

    Nothing at all. Nothing has inherent meaning. It is what it is and that’s it. We just choose to project meaning onto things. It feels good to make stories.

    Even if presented with proof that an event is totally random or neutral, we decide it has meaning anyway. It makes life more poetic and beautiful.

    And what if you’ve projected some bad meaning onto something and it’s getting you down? Know that none of it is true. You’re the one who put the meaning into it. You can just as easily take all the meaning out of it.


    Fish don’t know they’re in water Jun 19, 2011
    Show notes

    Fish don’t know they’re in water. If you tried to explain it, they’d say, “Water? What’s water?” They’re so surrounded by it that it’s impossible to see. They can’t see it until they jump outside of it.

    This is how I feel about culture. We’re so surrounded by it that it’s impossible to see. Many things we think are true are really just our local culture. We can’t see it until we get outside of it.

    I was born in California and grew up with what I felt was a normal upbringing with normal values. I’ve been surrounded by artists and entrepreneurs for most of my life.

    Last week I was speaking to a business school class in Singapore. I asked, “How many people would like to start their own company some day?” In a room of fifty people, only one hand reluctantly went up. I was surprised and confused. If I had asked this question in California, every hand would have gone up! I thought maybe the Singapore students were just being shy, so I asked individuals in the room, “Really? Why not?” Some of their answers were:

    • “Why take the risk? I just want security.”
    • “I spent all this money on school and need to make it back.”
    • “If I fail, it will be a huge embarrassment to my family.”

    Then I realized that I was seeing the question through my local American culture. I had heard that America was the land of entrepreneurs and overconfidence, but I couldn’t really see it until I was outside of it.

    All of my Singaporean friends live with their parents. Even pretty successful ones, even married ones, even up to age thirty-five, live in their parents’ homes. When I told a friend that I left home at seventeen, she was horrified. She said, “Isn’t that insulting to your parents? Weren’t they devastated?”

    Then I noticed my local American culture again. I had heard that Americans emphasize individualism, rebellion, and personal expression, but I couldn’t really see it until I was outside of it.

    My culture isn’t in the center. It’s off on the edge, like one petal in a flower, like they all are. Not right or wrong — just one of many options.

    So I’m just a fish who didn’t know he was in water. And in some aspect of your life, you probably are, too.


    Don’t be a donkey Jun 08, 2011
    Show notes

    Are you trying to pursue many different directions at once?

    Are you frustrated that the world wants you to pick one thing, because you want to do them all?

    The problem is thinking short term — assuming that if you don’t do all the things now, they won’t happen.

    The solution is to think long term. Do just one thing for a few years, then another for a few years, then another.

    You may have heard this story: Buridan’s donkey is standing halfway between a pile of hay and a bucket of water. It keeps looking left and right, trying to decide between hay and water. Unable to decide, it eventually dies of hunger and thirst.

    A donkey can’t think of the future. If he could, he’d clearly realize that he could first drink the water, then go eat the hay.

    Don’t be a donkey. You can do everything you want to do. You just need foresight and patience.

    If you’re thirty now and have six different directions you want to pursue, then you can do each one for ten years, and have done all of them by the time you’re ninety. It seems ridiculous to plan to age ninety when you’re thirty, right? But it’s probably coming, so you might as well take advantage of it.

    You can fully focus on one direction at a time, without feeling conflicted or distracted, because you know you’ll get to the others.

    We’ve all done this on a small scale. When something is urgent and needs to be done that day, you focus. For a minute, you get distracting thoughts, like “Wow, it would be nice to go watch a movie now.” But you put it out of your mind because you know that if you just focus on this one thing now, you can get it done and do the other stuff afterwards. So, expand that situation into months or years. Focus on one thing at a time, knowing you can do the other stuff afterwards.

    Most people overestimate what they can do in one year, and underestimate what they can do in ten years.

    Think long term. Use the future.

    Don’t be short sighted. Don’t be a donkey.


    Delegate or die: the self-employed trap. Jan 23, 2011
    Show notes

    Most self-employed people get caught in the delegation trap.

    You’re so busy, doing everything yourself. You know you need help, but to find and train someone would take more time than you have! So you keep working harder, until you break.

    Here’s my little tale of how I broke into the delegation mindset.

    In 2001, CD Baby was three years old. I had eight employees but I was still doing everything else myself. Working 7am to 10pm, seven days a week, everything still went through me.

    Every five minutes, my employees had a question for me:

    • “Derek, some guy wants to change the album art after it’s already live on the site. What do I tell him?”
    • “Derek, can we accept wire transfer as a form of payment?”
    • “Derek, someone placed two orders today, and wants to know if we can ship them together as one, but refund him the shipping cost savings?”

    It was hard to get anything done while answering questions all day.

    I felt like I might as well just show up to work and sit on a chair in the hallway, just answering employees’ questions, full-time.

    I hit my breaking point. I stopped going to the office and shut off my phone. Then I realized I was running from my problems instead of solving them. I had to fix this, or I’d be ruined.

    After a long night of thinking and writing, I got myself into the delegation mindset.

    I had to make myself unnecessary to the running of my company.

    The next day, as soon as I walked in the door, someone asked, “Derek, someone whose CDs we received yesterday has now changed his mind and wants his CDs shipped back. We’ve already done the work, but he’s asking if we can refund his set-up fee since he was never live on the site.”

    This time, instead of just answering the question, I called everyone together for a minute.

    I repeated the situation and the question for everyone.

    I answered the question, but more importantly, I explained the thought process and philosophy behind my answer.

    “Yes refund his money in full. We’ll take a little loss. It’s important to always do whatever would make the customer happiest, as long as it’s not outrageous. A little gesture like this goes a long way to him telling his friends we’re a great company. Everyone always remember that helping musicians is our first goal, and profit is second. You have my full permission to use that guideline to make these decisions yourself in the future. Do what makes them happiest. Make sure everyone who deals with us leaves with a smile.”

    I make sure everyone understood the answer.

    I asked one person to start a manual, and write down the answer to this one situation, and write down the philosophy behind it.

    Then everyone went back to work.

    Ten minutes later, new question. Same process:

    1. Gather everybody around.
    2. Answer the question, and explain the philosophy.
    3. Make sure everyone understands the thought process.
    4. Ask one person to write it in the manual.
    5. Let everybody know they can decide this without me next time.

    After two months of this, there were no more questions.

    Then I showed someone how to do the last of the stuff that was still my job. As part of learning it, they had to document it in the manual, and show it to someone else, too. (Learn by teaching.)

    Now I was totally un-necessary.

    I started working at home — not going into the office at all.

    I had even taught them my thought process and philosophy about hiring new people. So our two newest employees were entirely found, interviewed, hired, and trained by other employees. They used that manual to make sure every new employee understood the philosophy and history of CD Baby, and knew how to make decisions for themselves.

    I’d call in once a week to make sure everything was OK. It was. They didn’t even have any questions for me.

    Because my team was running the business, I was free to actually improve the business!

    I moved to California, just to make it clear that the running of things was up to them.

    I was still working 12-hour days, but now I was spending all my time on improvements, optimizations and innovations. To me, this was the fun stuff. This was play, not work.

    While I was away, my company grew from $1M to $20M in four years — from 8 to 85 employees.

    There’s a big difference between being self-employed and being a business owner.

    Being self-employed feels like freedom until you realize that if you take time off, your business crumbles.

    To be a true business owner, make sure you could leave for a year, and when you came back, your business would be doing better than when you left.

    (If you’re interested in this stuff, read a book called “E-Myth Revisited” by Michael Gerber.)


    Obvious to you. Amazing to others. Nov 21, 2010
    Show notes

    Any creator of anything knows this feeling:

    You experience someone else’s innovative work. It’s beautiful, brilliant, breath-taking. You’re stunned. Their ideas are unexpected and surprising, but perfect.

    You think, “I never would have thought of that. How do they even come up with that? It’s genius!”

    Afterwards, you think, “My ideas are so obvious. I’ll never be as inventive as that.”

    I get this feeling often. Amazing books, music, movies, or even amazing conversations. I’m in awe at how the creator thinks like that. I’m humbled.

    But I continue to do my work. I tell my little tales. I share my point of view. Nothing spectacular. Just my ordinary thoughts.

    One day someone emailed me and said, “I never would have thought of that. How did you even come up with that? It’s genius!”

    Of course I disagreed and explained why it was nothing special.

    But afterwards, I realized something surprisingly profound:

    Everybody’s ideas seem obvious to them.

    I’ll bet even John Coltrane or Richard Feynman felt that everything they were playing or saying was pretty obvious.

    So maybe what’s obvious to me is amazing to someone else?

    Hit songwriters often admit that their most successful hit song was one they thought was just stupid, even not worth recording.

    We’re clearly bad judges of our own creations. We should just put them out there and let the world decide.

    Are you holding back something that seems too obvious to share?


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