Daf Yomi for Women - Hadran

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Bava Batra 69 - September 2, 29 Av Sep 02, 2024

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Today's daf is dedicated in memory of the six hostages Hersh Goldberg-Polin, Ori Danino, Eden Yerushalmi, Almog Sarusi, Alexander Lobanov, and Carmel Gat, who were murdered just a few days ago. Our thoughts and prayers are with their families and we continue to pray for the release of all the other hostages.

When one sells a field, the stones are included. What are the stones used for in the field and in what circumstances are they included in the sale? There are different interpretations offered. There is an opinion of Rabbi Meir brought in a braita on Bava Batra 78b that all items used for a vineyard are included in the sale of that vineyard. The rabbis disagree. Many of the cases brought in the Mishna that are included/not included in the sale of a field are explained according to Rabbi Meir's understanding and the rabbis' position.

Several questions are asked about items attached with pegs, such as a door frame or a window frame. Would they be included in the sale of a house? Would a stand for a leg of a bed be included in the sale of a bed (or maybe a house)? These questions are left unanswered.

A carob tree or sycamore tree is only included in the sale of a field if the carob tree is grafted and if the sycamore is large enough to cut wood from it. This is derived from a verse in the context of Avraham's purchase of maarat hamachpela from Efron haChiti (Breishit 23:17).

What trees are included in a sale can depend on the combination of the language used in the sale agreement and what actual trees are in the seller's possession. Several examples are brought to explain what would included in different scenarios.

Bava Batra 68 - September 1, 28 Av Sep 01, 2024

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Today's daf is sponsored by Rikki and Alan Zibitt in loving memory of Rikki's father, Mickey Carlin, Shevach ben Avraham z"l on his 20th yahrzeit. "We miss his energy, his vibrant smile, and his fierce love of his children and grandchildren. May his neshama have an aliya."

Today's daf is dedicated to all the teachers and students returning to school!

Does the sale of an olive press include stores that sell other items and are also used for drying out sesame seeds before making sesame oil? On what does it depend? What is included in the sale of a privately owned city? Are Caananite slaves considered like land or movable property? Can we derive an answer to that question from the Mishna? Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel included a santer in the sale of a city. There are two possible definitions for a santer - either a registrar who keeps track of the boundaries of the properties or fields outside the city. The Gemara attempts to resolve which definition is right from the case of beit hashlachin mentioned in the Mishna. However, this suggestion is rejected as there are two different ways to interpret the term beit hashlachin. Another source is brought to determine the correct definition for santer, but that attempt is also rejected. Which types of enclosures for animals are included in the sale of a city and which are not? What does the sale of a field include/not include?

Bava Batra 67 - Shabbat August 31, 27 Av Aug 30, 2024

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An unmarried woman whose father died can claim her dowry from up to one-tenth of the father's estate. However, this amount can only be collected from 1/10 of the land of the father's estate. Rav Nechemia, the son of Rav Yosef accorded a woman one-tenth of her father's estate for her dowry and permitted the value of the estate to include moveable items that were attached to the ground as they are considered like land itself. Rav Ashi also included rental income from the father's properties in the calculation for a daughter's dowry. If one sold a courtyard, an olive press, or a bathhouse, what items are included in the sale, and what items are not included in the sale? Rabbi Eliezer disagrees with the mainstream opinion.

Bava Batra 66 - August 30, 26 Av Aug 30, 2024

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Study Guide Bava Batra 66

Today's daf is sponsored by Sarah & Inna Pasternak, in honor of their first wedding anniversary. "We fell in love studying the daf and look forward to remaining havrutas as we build a home full of Torah together." Today's daf is sponsored by the Hadran Women of Long Island in honor of their friend and co-learner Miriam Eckstein-Koas on the engagement of her son, Daniel. "May Daniel and Talia build a bayit neeman b'Yisrael firmly grounded in Torah and chesed, and may all of Am Yisrael see smachot!"

The Gemara continues to figure out which opinion of Rabbi Eliezer and the rabbis doesn't seem to correspond to the Tosefta Mikvaot that distinguishes between a pipe that was constructed and then attached to the ground and one that was hollowed out from the ground or while it is attached to the ground. After rejecting the first two possibilities (the braita that related to our Mishna and a Mishna regarding a beehive), they find a Mishna Keilim 15:2 regarding a baker's board attached to a wall in which it seems that both Rabbi Eliezer and the rabbis disagree with the Tosefta Mikvaot. Since the Tosefta must fit with one of the two opinions, the Gemara then tries to assess which one. First, they attempt to reconcile it with Rabbi Eliezer, claiming that Rabbi Eliezer was more lenient in the baker's board case as it was only impure on a rabbinic level (a flat wood vessel). However, this is rejected on two accounts. One, mayim she'uvim disqualifies a mikveh by rabbinic law. Secondly, Rabbi Yosi son of Rabbi Chanina's explained that the Mishna in Keilim refers to a metal baker's block, which would make it impure by Torah law. In conclusion, the Gemara establishes that the rabbi's opinion corresponds to the Tosefta Mikvaot, as the issue of mayim she'uvim is only rabbinic. Therefore the rabbis are more lenient there than in the case of a baker's board.

If rain falls on a movable item (vessel) that is detached from the ground and at the same time on food that is inside/on that item, if the owner wants the rain to fall on the item, the food also becomes susceptible to impurity. What if the moveable item was attached to the ground, would it be considered like the ground and the food inside it would not become susceptible to impurity, or would it be considered a vessel and the food inside it would become susceptible to impurity? The question is only asked according to the rabbis (and there is no answer), as according to Rabbi Eliezer, it would clearly be considered like the ground and the food would not become susceptible to impurity.

Bava Batra 65 - August 29, 25 Av Aug 29, 2024

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Today's daf is sponsored in honor of Esther's birthday. "To my big sister, thank you for introducing me to this shiur. I'm so proud of you. Many happy and healthy returns!"

Regarding the debate between Rabbi Akiva and the rabbis about whether a seller sells generously (Rabbi Akiva) or sparingly (the rabbis), Rav ruled like the rabbis, and Shmuel like Rabbi Akiva. The difference of opinion between Rav and Shmuel on this issue is compared to a different debate between Rav and Shmuel regarding the distribution of inherited property. However, the comparison is rejected as the circumstances are unique and not applicable in a regular sale. Rav Huna held like Rav, and Rav Nachman held like Shmuel, but Rav Huna deferred to Rav Nachman as he was an expert in monetary law. If one sells an inner house and an outer house to two different people, both Rabbi Akiva and the rabbis will hold that the inner resident cannot pass through the outer resident's house as the seller has no reason to favor one over the other. However, if the inner one received the house as a gift, there is an assumption that a gift is given generously and therefore the buyer would be able to pass through the outer house without having to purchase an access route. If one sells a house without specifying what parts are included, does it include the door, key, lock, mortar, millstone, oven, etc? The Mishna explains that items that are attached to the ground are included, while those that are moveable are not. The Mishna is not in accordance with Rabbi Meir who held that one who sells a vineyard, any objects that serve the vineyard are included in the sale, even if they are not attached to the ground. A braita similar to the Mishna is quoted, however, there are some differences. In the braita, Rabbi Eliezer and the rabbis disagree about an item attached to the ground after its construction. Tosefta Mikvaot 4:1 is brought regarding a pipe through which water is brought to the mikveh. If it is hollowed out (constructed) and then attached to the ground, it is considered a vessel and disqualifies the mivkeh as the water is considered 'mayim she'uvim,' water that is drawn with a vessel. The Gemara explains that this Tosefta doesn't correspond to Rabbi Eliezer's nor the rabbis' opinions. To which opinion of Rabbi Eliezer and the rabbis is this statement referring? At first, the Gemara suggests it is referring to Rabbi Eliezer in the previous braita, but that suggestion is rejected. Then they suggest Rabbi Eliezer's opinion regarding a beehive as per the Mishna Shviit 10:4. This too, will be rejected.

Bava Batra 64 - August 28, 24 Av Aug 28, 2024

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Today's daf is sponsored by the Hadran Women of Long Island in honor of the birth of a grandson to our friend and co-learner, Tzippy Wolkenfeld. "May the entire family rejoice as they are zoche to raise the new "daf yomi addition" to Torah, chuppah, and maasim tovim. Mazal tov!"

Another attempt is made from our Mishna to support Rav Dimi's position, that when one sells a house, it does not include the airspace above or below unless otherwise specified. However, this attempt is rejected. The Gemara then quotes an opinion of Rav Papa to show that he disagrees with Rav Dimi, but this also is rejected.

Selling a house doesn't include a pit or cistern if it is not specified in the agreement. But can we assume that the seller kept an accessway to get there or does the seller need to buy an access route through the house from the buyer? Rabbi Akiva and the rabbis disagree about this.

What is the difference between a pit and a cistern? A pit is dug in hard soil and is just dug up into the ground, while a cistern is dug in softer ground and therefore needs to be lined with stone to prevent it from collapsing.

The Gemara understands the debate between Rabbi Akiva and the rabbis in the Mishna to be the source of a well-known debate between them. Rabbi Akiva holds that a seller sells with a "good" eye (generously) and therefore does not keep an access route but completely sells the house. The rabbis hold that a seller sells with a "bad" eye (sparingly) and therefore keeps an access route to get to the pit. However, the Gemara suggests that perhaps their opinions in this Mishna are based on different reasoning. Eventually, the Gemara derives the well-known debate from the combination of our Mishna and a Mishna in Bava Batra 71.

Bava Batra 63 - August 27, 23 Av Aug 27, 2024

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If one says yachlok, divide my portion with..., the person gets half, but what is the law if one says "give a chelek, portion, to...? Ravina bar Kisi brings an answer from a braita which rules in a similar case that one gets a quarter as there is a doubt whether the intent was half or a bit and Sumchus rules that when there is money in question, the money is split it between the two parties.

A braita explains that a Levite can sell one property and stipulate that the owner give the seller the Levite tithes. How can one do this if it means selling something that does not yet exist? To answer this question, the Gemara assumes that the seller retains rights to part of the land. Reish Lakish infers from this braita the law for a different case when the seller says he/she is selling the house but retaining the upper floor, as both are cases where there is no real meaning to the statement and it is therefore applied to mean something else. Regarding the Levite, there is no way to retain future produce, so the seller must have meant the land itself. With the house, since there is no need to retain the upper floor, so it must have been referring to something else. Rav Zevid and Rav Pappa each provide different interpretations in the case of the house as to what Reish Lakish understood to be retained by the original owner - either to hang a beam from the roof into the airspace of the courtyard (Rav Zevid) or building rights to build on the roof if the current roof is destroyed (Rav Papa). The Gemara raises a difficulty with Rav Papa's explanation as it is more intuitive to derive it from the next Mishna (Bava Batra 64a) than from the braita. Rav Dimi discusses the difference between a sale with no specification, one where it was stipulated that the buyer acquires the depths and the heights, and one where the buyer acquired from the depths of the earth to the height of the sky. What items are included in each case? The Gemara tries to prove his statement from the next Mishna, but then rejects the proof.

Bava Batra 62 - August 26, 22 Av Aug 26, 2024

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This week's learning is sponsored by Rozy Jaffe and family in loving memory of her father Mickey Muhlrad, משה יעקב בן ר׳ דוד ע״ה on his 11th yahrzeit. "My father was a humble man of incredible honesty and integrity. He never spoke Loshen Hara and though his cheder studies were cut short by WWII- he supported and encouraged Torah learning for his children and others throughout his lifetime!"

Today's daf is sponsored by Gitta and David Neufeld in loving memory of Harlene Appleman, Chaya bat Osna Rachel v'Shmuel. "Harlene, our cherished friend and mentor, was the consummate professional and the ultimate friend. Her clear sechel and her passion for Jewish education and identity continue to "whisper in my ear" as an expression of שפתי ישנים דובבות. May our learning be a zechut for her!"

If one designates the border of a field but one side extends farther than the other, what size field does the buyer get? Rav rules that a line is drawn from the shorter border, but Rav Kahana and Rav Asi say that a trapezoid shape is drawn from the shorter border to the longer one. In what case did Rav concede to the others? A question is asked about three similar cases – where the border delineated is just the corners of a field, or in the shape of an L, or there were two fields on each side and the border delineated skipped every other one. No answer is given to these questions. If three border strips were delineated but the fourth was not, does the seller get the field and the fourth border strip, the field without the fourth border strip, or just a strip of land alongside each of the three border strips? Rav, Shmuel, and Rav Asi each hold a different position. Rava rules and the Gemara brings two different versions of Rava's ruling. The Gemara then summarizes the two different versions of Rava's ruling. The Ramban and others comment that the summary is an addition of Rav Yehudai Gaon and not part of the original Gemara. Raba brings two rulings in which he differentiates between different wording used and their meaning. Abaye disagrees with both differentiations and holds that in each case, there is no difference in the law whether one language was used or another – the meaning is the same.

Bava Batra 61 - August 25, 21 Av Aug 25, 2024

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When one sells a house, it does not include certain parts of the house, unless the seller specifies that the sale includes everything in the house. The Mishna lists the properties not included in the sale – the yetzia, for which the Gemara brings two possible definitions, an inner room used for storage, and a room with a parapet of ten handsbreadths. Rav Yosef quotes a braita that says there are two other synonyms for the word yetzia – tzela and ta – and sources from the Torah and tannaitic sources are brought to show where these words are used. Mar Zutra qualifies the yetzia exclusion to one where the yetzia was four cubits. Ravina questions this but Mar Zutra resolves the difficulty. Why was it necessary for the Mishna to add the case of the room if one could have derived the ruling for the storage room from the yetzia? It teaches that even if the seller designates a border, and the storage room is included in the border, if the seller says "house," the room is not included. This accords with two statements of Rav Nachman that the Gemara proceeds to analyze and establish the circumstances of the cases. Why did Rav Nachman need to teach about both cases – why couldn't we have derived one from the other? The Gemara mentions certain terms and explains what would be included in a sale if that particular term was used, such as ara, arata, zihara, and nichsei.

Bava Batra 60 - Shabbat August 24, 20 Av Aug 23, 2024

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