Daf Yomi for Women - Hadran

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Ketubot 57 - September 1, 5 Elul Sep 01, 2022

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Rami bar Hama's sister-in-law lost her ketuba. Rav Yosef wanted to let it go based on the rabbi's opinion who thought it was not a problem since anyway a ketuba is a stipulation of the court so she had a way to demand her ketuba money in the end. But Abaye quoted Rav Nachman saying that we hold like Rabbi Meir when he has a takana and he has held that one who stays with a woman without a ketuba is like one who engages in licentious behavior. Rav Dimi and Ravin each had a different tradition about a debate between Rabbi Yochanan and Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi regarding at what stage do Rabbi Yosi and Rabbi Yehuda disagree about the ability of the woman to verbally forgo her ketuba. However, Rabbi Avahu has a different tradition that Rabbi Yochanan and Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi don't disagree - they just used different terms to describe the same thing. Rav Papa accepts Rabbi Avahu's tradition, but points out a weakness regarding it and says that were it not for Rabbi Avahu's explanation, he would have preferred to say the debate was between Rabbi Yochanan and Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi and Rav Dimi and Ravin said the same thing, just used different terms to describe the same thing. What is the amount of time given to the bride and groom to prepare for the wedding after the groom proposes marriage? Twelve months for a woman not previously married and thirty days for a woman previously married. Once that date is reached, the man is obligated to provide sustenance for the woman and if she is betrothed to a kohen, she can eat truma. Can he give her all her food from truma produce or only part, as some of the month she will be impure and cannot eat truma? What are the laws if the time period was split between a man and his yabam (in the event that he died)? The Mishna states that law regarding truma changed over time and now a woman can only eat truma after the chuppa. The twelve-month period derived from the verses about Rivka before she was taken to Yitzchak to be married. If the woman is a minor, she or her father can push off the marriage more than twelve months. Why? If the girl is a minor, the girl or the father can decided can decide not to get married even after the twelve months have past. Why would the father want to do that if the girl is willing to get married? Even though a father can betroth his daughter at a young age and marry her off, Rabbi Abba did not allow this until she is of age to be married. Rav Huna said that a woman who is a bogeret, only gets thirty days to prepare for the wedding. Three sources are brought against him - two are resolved but one is not. By Torah law, a woman betrothed to a kohen can eat truma but the rabbis forbade it. Two reasons are brought - either because her family may come to eat truma by accident, or because the husband may find blemish in the wife and will not in the end marry her.

Ketubot 56 - August 31, 4 Elul Aug 31, 2022

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Today's daf is sponsored by Lisa Lowe Denker in honor of the engagement of Alissa Gold and Alexander Denker. "May the joy and love you have today always fill your life." What is the root of the debate between Rav and Rabbi Natan - whether or not they hold by Rabbi Elazar ben Azaria regarding the ketuba of a betrothed woman - does she receive only the 200/100 zuz, but not the additional amount? In later generations, they also grappled with the question of how to rule in this case. however, the Gemara concludes that we hold like Rabbi Elazar ben Azaria. Ravin asked about a case where they had the wedding but didn't yet have relations, would that be similar to the case of a betrothed woman or not? Rav Ashi asked what if she was a nidda at the time of the wedding and therefore couldn't have relations, would that also be similar to the case of a betrothed woman? Rabbi Yehuda said that a woman can write that she received part of her ketuba money, even if she hadn't. Two questions are raised against Rabbi Yehuda. Firstly, his opinion states that one can write a receipt. However, regarding a loan, Rabbi Yehuda doesn't allow a receipt to be written if the loan was partially paid off, in case the borrower loses it and the creditor will demand the full amount. Rabbi Yirmia and Abaye each bring a different resolution. The second question is based on an inference from the words of Rabbi Yehuda. He states that the woman can write a document, which presumes that she could not state it orally. Presumably, this is because she would be making a stipulation against what it says in the Torah. However, Rabbi Yehuda himself holds that regarding monetary laws, one can make a stipulation against what it says in the Torah. This is resolved by saying that a ketuba is rabbinic and the rabbis needed to strengthen rabbinic law more than Torah law so that people would take it seriously - therefore he was stricter with rabbinic laws than with Torah laws. Questions are raised against this answer from other sources and in order to resolve them, the answer is limited to specific cases of rabbinic law. Rabbi Meir disagrees with Rabbi Yehuda and doesn't allow one to give a woman a ketuba for less than the requisite amount in the way that Rabbi Yehuda permitted. From the language of Rabbi Meir in the Mishna, the Gemara infers that if he made a condition that was agreed to by the wife, the full ketuba can be collected as the condition is invalid, even though it is still considered a licentious relationship. This is because she thinks that she does not have a full marriage contract and is not protected from easy divorce and therefore views it as not a real marriage. A question is raised against Rabbi Meir who says that one cannot make a condition against what it says in the Torah, which would infer they can make a condition against rabbinic law? The answer is that Rabbi Meir holds that ketuba is a Torah law. A braita is brought which adds the opinion of Rabbi Yosi - that one can stipulate less in the ketuba. A contradiction is raised against him from another braita but a distinction is made between the cases.

Ketubot 55 - August 30, 3 Elul Aug 30, 2022

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Today's daf is sponsored by Sue Talansky in loving memory of her mother Ruth Stromer, Shifra Raizel bat Tzvi v'Sarah. "She was a Holocaust survivor whose first task upon arriving in America was to ensure that her daughters got a yeshiva education. It is my mom who began my journey into learning." The additional amount the husband can add to the ketuba has the same status as the ketuba itself. This has relevance for a woman who sells, forgoes, or receives part of or demands her ketuba, and various other situations. There are four issues upon which the rabbis of Pumbedita and Mata Mechasia disagreed. One, do the male children collect their mother's ketuba from their father's inheritance as an inheritance, which cannot be collected from liened property, or as buyers, which can be collected from liened property. Two, if the husband set aside moveable property for collection of the ketuba and they are no longer in existence or able to be found, can she collect her ketuba without needing to swear that she didn't receive any part of it yet? Three, if the husband delineated property from which the wife can collect her ketuba, but only identified one of the borders, does she need to swear that she didn't receive any part of her ketuba before collecting the full amount from the land? Four, if someone said to write and sign a deed of a gift and give the gift to a particular person but there was no kinyan (a formal act of acquiring), does the messenger need to check again with the giver that they actually intend to give the gift? There was a debate in the Mishna and Rabbi Elazar ben Azaria held that a woman who is betrothed and received a ketuba and then got divorced or widowed, she can only collect the 200 or 100 zuz, but not the additional amount. Rav and Rabbi Natan debated whether we hold that may or not. The Gemara derives that Rabbi natan must have held like him as in a different halacha it is clear he holds by umdena, making an assessment about what we believe the person's intentions must have been, which is exactly what Rabbi Elazar ben Azaria holds - we assess that the husband only promised her extra for the benefit of being married to her. That would mean that Rav doesn't hold by umdena. However, the Gemara brings a debate between Rav and Shmuel where Rav does seem to hold by umdena, making an assessment.

Ketubot 54 - August 29, 2 Elul Aug 29, 2022

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Today's daf is sponsored by Leah Brick in loving memory of her great niece, Nava Tova, who was named after her mother, daughter of Liora and Josh Cherney. "Bet Elul would have been her first birthday. May her memory be a comfort to her parents."

Do the following women receive sustenance from their father's estate: the daughter born to a couple who is forbidden by rabbinic law to be married (shniyot l'arayot), the daughter born to a couple who was betrothed, and the daughter born to a woman who was married to the man who raped her? A stipulation of the ketuba is that the woman be able to reside in the house of the husband even after his death. Since the language used is a "house," they derive that if the heirs live in a hut, they are not required to have her live with them. Does this also mean that they are not required to sustain her in that case? There are various opinions brought regarding how it is determined when the orphans no longer need to give the widow money for sustenance. Is it from when she accepts a marriage proposal from someone else, when someone proposed but she doesn't accept it as she doesn't specifically like him, but she is interested in remarrying, when she engages in prostitution, when she puts on makeup, or when she claims her ketuba in court. In the Mishna it had stated varying customs between Jerusalem and the Galilee and Judea about whether or not the orphans could decide they no longer wanted to pay the widow's sustenance. In Babylonia different places ruled differently. Rav and Shmuel disagree regarding a widow or a hired worker about whether or not their clothing is deducted from their ketuba/salary. Rabbi Yochanan's relatives' father had a wife who ate a lot of food. They were worried that if she became widowed, it would be a drain on their inheritance so he suggested the father designate a specific piece of land for her to be used for her sustenance in the event that he die. Reish Lakish vehemently disagreed and wouldn't allow them to implement this solution as he didn't think it was effective halachically. In the end, Rabbi Yochanan modified his position. The Mishna states that one who wants to, can add money to the 200 or 100 zuz promised to the woman in the ketuba. It was necessary to state this as one may think this was limited so as not to embarrass one who is unable to add. There is a debate about whether a woman gets her ketuba money if she was widowed or divorce from a betrothal. Can the woman forgo part of the amount of her ketuba by writing that she received part of the money already, even if she really hadn't? Any additional sums committed to the wife in the ketuba or stipulations have the same status as the ketuba. What is the relevance of this?

Ketubot 53 - Rosh Chodesh Elul, August 28, 1 Elul Aug 28, 2022

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Today's daf is sponsored by Rikki and Alan Zibitt in memory of Rikki's father, Mickey Carlin, Shevach ben Avraham v' Mita, whose 14th yahrzeit was on Thursday. "Daddy, we miss you every day." Rav Papa was marrying his son off to Abba Sura'ah's daughter when Yehuda bar Meriemar came to greet Rav Papa. Yehuda was hesitant to come in, as he was concerned Abba Sura'ah would raise the dowry on his account. After much insisting on the part of Rav Papa, Yehuda enters but remains silent. However, Abaa Sura'ah misunderstands the silence and in fact raises the dowry because of Yehuda's presence and gives all of his money to the dowry. When Yehuda finally speaks and explains himself, Abba Sura'ah wants to change his pledge, but Yehuda criticized him for turning back on his word. Rav Yeimar and Rava discuss the law in different cases where a woman sells her ketuba or rights to part of her ketuba to her husband. Would this mean that she forfeits the rights of her male children inheriting her ketuba in the event that she predeceases her husband? A woman who forgoes her rights to her ketuba to her husband, does she also lose her rights to receive continuous sustenance upon his death? If a woman is betrothed, is her fiance obligated to bury her (one of her rights of the ketuba)? Another right of the ketuba is that the estate of the husband will sustain the woman's daughters upon his death. Rav and Levi disagree about whether this ends at the time of their marriage or when they become a bogeret. Does the daughter give up her rights to sustenance at her betrothal or only at her marriage? Rav Yosef and Rav Chisda disagree and each prove their point with a logical argument. Two different versions are brought about who holds which position. A woman who "refuses" a marriage (mi'un), does she return to get sustained from the father's estate? Does the daughter of the yevama receive sustenance from the father's estate?

Ketubot 52 - Shabbat August 27, 30 Av, 1st Day Rosh Chodesh Elul Aug 27, 2022

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Ketubot 51 - August 26, 29 Av Aug 26, 2022

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Today's daf is sponsored by Tzivia Ross Korn for the refuah shleima of her father, Shlomo Yeshaya Ben Sarah Tzipporah. "My father has always inspired me to learn and has himself finished three cycles of daf Yomi. May he go from strength to strength!"

Ketubot 50 - August 25, 28 Av Aug 25, 2022

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Today's daf is sponsored by Jennifer and Daniel Geretz in loving memory of Chela Geretz, a"h, whose 3rd yahrzeit is today.

Ketubot 49 - August 24, 27 Av Aug 24, 2022

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Today's daf is sponsored by Gitta and David Neufeld in loving memory of Harlene Appelman, Chaya bat Osna Rachel v'Shmuel, who passed away on August 18. "A tenacious warrior who overcame all challenges, Harlene lived her life with dignity, grace and love. She was a passionate advocate for Jewish education and identity. Not only was she our mentor, she was our beloved friend. May the Torah learning we all engage in be a zechut for her and her cherished family and community. יהי זכרה ברוך

Today's daf is sponsored by Sara Berelowitz. "May our learning today be in memory of my beautiful Mom, קילא בת יהודה, who passed away 9 years ago on the 24th of Av. As the time passes, I miss her more and more."

Ketubot 48 - August 23, 26 Av Aug 23, 2022

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