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    Government

    SCACPA’s Weekly Federal Tax Update

    Lynn Nichols has been explaining federal tax law to audiences since 1969. He is now partnering with SCACPA to launch a series of podcasts that answer questions stemming from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. He’ll describe in each installment how the actions of the IRS and the U.S. Tax Court affect how you should interpret the tax code. Listen to each new episode, and you’ll better understand how the new tax laws work.

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    Latest Episodes:
    SCACPA Podcast 019 Jun 25, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    June 25, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 7 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. Foundation's Set-Aside Request Approved

    The IRS approved a private foundation's request to set aside funds to restore a historic theater, concluding a set-aside is appropriate because the foundation's grant is part of a grant-matching program with the public charity that owns the theater.

    [LTR 201823010; 3/14/2018, rel. 6/8/2018

    1. Mitigation May Apply to Allow Taxpayers to Carryback NOLs

    In emailed advice, the IRS concluded that mitigation could apply to allow taxpayers to carry back net operating losses to closed years when examination of an open year led to the disallowance of a carry forward of a different NOL and revealed the taxpayers' errors in carrying forward the NOLs without making the election to waive the carryback period.

    [ECC 201823004; 1/19/2018, rel. 6/8/2018

    1. S Corp Shareholder Can't Claim FICA Tax Tip Credits

    The Tax Court held that a shareholder in an S corporation that operated restaurants isn't entitled to claim FICA tax tip credits under section 45B because the S corporation didn't claim the credits for the years at issue, finding that the individual shareholder can't unilaterally change the S corporation's election to not claim the credits.

    [Caselli, Ronald A. v. Commissioner; No. 835-11; No. 29664-11; T.C. Memo. 2018-81; 6/12/2018]

    1. Pot Shop's Expenses Are Not Deductible, Tax Court Says

    A medical marijuana dispensary can't deduct expenses for what it claimed was a separate business unconnected to sales of the federally prohibited drug.

    [Alterman v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2018-83, 6/14/2018]

    Couple Can't Deduct Expenses for Medical Marijuana Business

    The Tax Court, sustaining accuracy-related penalties, held that a couple wasn't entitled to business expense deductions for costs they incurred in a medical marijuana business related to sale of non-marijuana merchandise and that they weren't entitled to additional allowances for cost of goods sold beyond amounts conceded by the IRS.

    [Alterman, Laurel et vir v. Commissioner; No. 13666-14; T.C. Memo. 2018-83; 6/13/2018]

    1. OPR Focuses on Recent Practitioner Behavior, Not Older Conduct

    The IRS Office of Professional Responsibility typically looks at conduct over the last five years when considering complaints about a practitioner's behavior, but it may take into account older conduct if it demonstrates a pattern.

    [Tax Notes Today; 6/14/2018, Article by Nathan Richman]

    1. H&R Block to Close 400 Offices

    H&R Block will close 400 of its field offices later this year, as the number of taxpayers using its assisted tax return preparation service continues to decrease.

    [Tax Notes Today; 6/14/2018, Article by Zoe Sagalow]

    1. Disability Benefits Taxable, Not Excluded From Income

    The Tax Court held that Social Security disability benefits an individual received were taxable as gross income under section 86 and not excludable under section 104 as either workers' compensation, damages on account of personal physical injuries, or insurance.

    [Palsgaard, Jon K. et ux. v. Commissioner; No. 15293-16; T.C. Memo. 2018-82, 6/13/2-018]


    SCACPA Podcast 018 Jun 12, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    June 12, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 6 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. Standard Mileage Rates Guidance Reflects TCJA Changes

    The IRS has issued guidance on the optional 2018 standard mileage rates to reflect amendments to sections 67 and 217 made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

    [Notice 2018-42; 2018-24 IRB 1; 5/25/2018]

    1. Rollover of Plan Distribution From Estate Is Tax-Free

    The IRS ruled that a distribution from a decedent's estate to the surviving spouse will be treated as having come directly from the decedent's retirement plan and that the spouse, who was eligible to roll over the amount to her own IRA, won't have to include the funds in her gross income.

    [LTR 201821008, 2/2/2018, rel.5/25/2018

    1. Unclaimed IRAs Handed Over to States Subject to Withholding

    Interests in a retirement account paid to a state unclaimed property fund are subject to federal income tax withholding and must be reported to the IRS.

    [Tax Notes Today; 5/30/2018, article by Eric Yauch]

    1. Fourth Circuit Affirms Restitution Order in Tax Obstruction Case

    The Fourth Circuit, in an unpublished per curiam opinion, affirmed a district court's order of restitution as a condition of a probation sentence for an individual who pleaded guilty to interference with the administration of internal revenue laws, finding that there was no abuse of discretion by the district court.

    [United States v. Lawrence Singleton; CA 4, No. 17-4699, 5/29/2018]

    1. TROUBLESOME PROVISIONS OF TAX CUTS AND JOBS ACT
      1. Section 199A
      2. 100% bonus depreciation
      3. Section 179 deduction
      4. Alimony 'cutoff'
    2. OTHER SUBJECTS GENERATING LOTS OF DISCUSION
      1. 'New' partnership audit rules
        1. Selection and appointment of authorized representative

    SCACPA Podcast 017 May 29, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    May 29, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 6 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. IRS Noncommittal on Whether Taxpayers Can Rely on Proposed TCJA Regs

    Guidance on several changes under the 2017 tax law will be issued this summer, but whether taxpayers can rely on that guidance for tax positions is uncertain.

    [Tax Notes Today, 5/14/2018, Article

    1. Existing Guidance Helpful for Addressing Section 199A Issues

    Existing code sections are being consulted while Treasury develops new rules on the application of the passthrough deduction.

    [Tax Notes Today, 5/14/2018, Article

    1. Termination of S Corp Election Inadvertent

    The IRS ruled that a company will be treated as continuing to be an S corporation from the date its subchapter S election was inadvertently terminated when a trust became an ineligible shareholder, provided the trust files an electing small business trust election.

    [ LTR 201819002, 1/5/2018, rel.5/14/2018]

    1. Reliance on Tax Shelter Promoter Is No Defense to Penalties

    The Tax Court held that accuracy-related penalties apply regarding a partnership's participation in a Son-of-BOSS transaction to avoid taxes on the sale of a family concrete business, finding that the partnership did not have a reasonable cause and good faith defense to the penalties because it relied on the advice of a tax shelter promoter.

    [RB-1 Investments Partners et al. v. Commissioner; No. 22674-04; T.C. Memo. 2018-64 , 5/14/2018]

    1. Basis Increase Required Economic Outlay, Eleventh Circuit Says

    The Eleventh Circuit, in an unpublished per curiam opinion affirming the Tax Court, held that a couple was not entitled to an increase in basis for judgments on loans they personally guaranteed for an S corporation, finding that they hadn't made any payments toward the judgments.

    [Rupert E. Phillips et ux. v. Commissioner; CA 11, No. 17-14439, 5/17/2018

    1. Court Refuses to Quash IRS Summonses for Church Financial Records

    A U.S. district court dismissed a petition to quash IRS summonses issued for a church's financial records in the IRS's investigation of the tax liability of the church's pastors, finding that the investigation is not a church tax inquiry and that the government has met the requirements of United States v. Powell.

    [Herbert H. Rowe et ux. v. United States; USDC E LA, No. 2:18-cv-00075, 5/16/2018]


    SCACPA Podcast 016 May 24, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    May 24, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 7 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. IRS Denies Tax-Exempt Status to Natural Gas Promoter

    The IRS denied tax-exempt status to an organization established to support the natural gas industry after concluding the organization operates in a commercial manner and benefits its founder and other insiders.

    [LTR 201818018; 2/6/2018, rel. 5/4/2018]

    1. IRS Denies Exemption to Farmers Market

    The IRS denied tax-exempt status to an organization that operates a farmers market because it provides services for the convenience of vendors instead of improving the business conditions of its farmers market community.

    [LTR 201818017; 2/7/2018, rel. 5/4/2018]

    1. Tax Court Says Burden Is on Partnership in Penalty Challenge

    It's up to partnerships to prove they don't owe penalties in legal challenges, even though the individual partners would likely be the ones to pay.

    [Tax Notes Today; May 8. 2018, Article by Eric Yauch]

    IRS Doesn't Have Burden to Show Penalty Approval in Partnership Case

    The Tax Court held for the first time that the IRS doesn't bear the burden of production regarding penalties in partnership-level proceedings and, therefore, refused to reopen the record in a partnership case to let the IRS provide evidence of supervisory approval of penalties under section 6751(b).

    [Dynamo Holdings LP et al. v. Commissioner; No. 2685-11; No. 8393-12; 150 T.C. No. 10, 5/7/2018]

    1. Safe Harbors Modified for Determining Built-In Gain, Loss

    The IRS has issued guidance that modifies two approaches under Notice 2003-65 for determining recognized built-in gain or loss under section 382(h), providing that the hypothetical cost recovery deductions that would have been allowable had an election under section 338 been made or had the asset been purchased at fair market value are determined without regard to the additional first-year depreciation deduction in section 168(k).

    [Notice 2018-30; 2018-21 IRB 1, 5/8/2018]

    1. Couple Wasn't Insolvent, Must Include Discharged Debt in Income

    The Tax Court, sustaining a late-filing addition to tax, held that funds a couple transferred to their son's savings account should be considered in determining their insolvency status, that they were not insolvent for the tax year at issue, and that discharged student loan debt was not excludable from their income under section 108(a)(1)(B).

    [Hamilton, Vincent C. et ux. v. Commissioner; No. 8037-16; T.C. Memo. 2018-62, 5/8/2018]

    1. Tax Obstruction Conviction Vacated in Light of Marinello Decision

    The Second Circuit, in an unpublished per curiam opinion, vacated the section 7212 tax obstruction conviction of an individual who prepared false income tax returns, finding that the obstruction conviction could not stand in light of the Supreme Court's recent decision in Marinello v. United States, 138 S. Ct. 1101 (2018).

    [United States v. Samuel Gentle; CA 2, No. 16-4020, 5/9/2018]

    [copy of Supreme Court decision follows]

    1. New Automatic Method Change to Conform With New Accounting Standards

    The IRS has provided a new automatic accounting method change for taxpayers to use to conform with new accounting standards on the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers.

    [Rev. Proc. 2018-29; 2018-21 IRB 1, 5/10/2018]


    SCACPA Podcast 015 May 15, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    May 15, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 7 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. IRS Announces Healthcare Tax Credit Relief for Some Small Employers

    The IRS has announced the release of guidance that provides relief for some small employers that wish to claim the small business healthcare tax credit for 2017 and later years.

    [ IR-2018-108, 4/27/2018

    Healthcare Tax Credit Relief Given to Some Small Employers

    The IRS has provided relief for an eligible small employer that properly claimed or claims a section 45R credit for all or part of a tax year beginning after December 31, 2015, but that for all or part of the remainder of the credit period has a principal business address in a location in which a qualified health plan through a Small Business Health Options Program exchange is not available.

    [Notice 2018-27, 4/27/2018]

    1. Doctor's Patient Safety Consulting Corporation Denied Exempt Status

    The Tax Court held that a corporation established to provide consulting services to medical providers and government programs through patient safety initiatives was not qualified for tax-exempt status because it would operate for the benefit of its founder and sole employee, who is a doctor and certified patient safety and risk management expert.

    [Abovo Foundation Inc. v. Commissioner; No. 18673-15X; T.C. Memo. 2018-57

    1. Practice Unit Addresses Claims of Passthrough Losses, Deductions

    The IRS released a practice unit that provides guidance on determining whether a shareholder has sufficient basis to claim losses and deductions passed through from an S corporation.

    [SCO/P/53_05_01_03-06 (2016) ,,

    1. IRS Revises Housing Limits Under Foreign Earned Income Exclusion

    The IRS has revoked prior guidance that provided adjustments to the limitation on housing expenses that can be excluded under section 911 because it used an incorrect amount for the maximum foreign earned income exclusion to calculate the housing cost amount for 2018.

    [Notice 2018-44; 2018-21 IRB 1, 5/1/2018]

    1. Alternative Rules Being Considered for Interest Deduction Issues

    The solution to business interest deduction limitation issues that require guidance to implement — such as what qualifies as a trade or business — could come from analogous rules in other code sections.

    [Tax Notes Today; 5/3/2018, article by Emily Foster]

    1. Application of 199A Basis Limitation Seen as Challenging

    The basis limitation for the passthrough deduction under the new tax law could have unintended consequences unless guidance is released.

    [Tax Notes Today; 5/3/2018, article by Eric Yauch]

    TAX SHELTER NEWS ! ! !

    1. Benistar Participants Bound by Stipulation to Accept Penalty

    Court held that a couple who challenged an accuracy-related penalty related to their participation in a Benistar 419 pre-retirement plan failed to show their situation differed from that of small business owners in other Benistar cases and thus could not escape their stipulation to be bound by that decision regarding the penalty.

    [Kennan, Jerry L. et ux. v. Commissioner; No. 8917-09; T.C. Memo. 2018-60, 5/3/2018]

    Bad Debt Deductions Properly Denied in DAD Shelter Cases

    The Tax Court, in consolidated cases, held that the IRS properly disallowed two partnerships' section 166 bad debt and expense deductions stemming from distressed asset/debt tax shelter transactions and held both liable for accuracy-related penalties.

    [Derringer Trading LLC et al. v. Commissioner; Nos. 20872-07, 6268-08; T.C. Memo. 2018-59, 5/3/2018]


    SCACPA Podcast 014 May 07, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    May 7, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 5 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. Appeals Filed in 'Devastating' Clergy Housing Allowance Decision

    A group of ministers has joined the government in appealing a court decision on the parsonage housing allowance that they say could impose a tax burden on many churches and harm their communities.

    [Tax Notes Today; 4/23/2018; Article by Fred Stokeld]

    Government Urges Court to Allow Minister Rental Allowance Exclusion

    In a brief for the Seventh Circuit, the government urged the court to reverse a decision that held unconstitutional section 107(2), which allows ministers to exclude from income a rental allowance paid to them as part of their compensation, arguing that the exclusion has a secular purpose and effect and doesn't violate the Establishment Clause.

    Clergy Argue Rental Allowance Exclusion Is Constitutional

    A group of ministers and churches filed a brief in the Seventh Circuit urging the court to reverse a decision that held unconstitutional section 107(2), which allows ministers to exclude from income a rental allowance paid to them as part of their compensation, arguing that it is a logical adaptation of the convenience-of-the-employer doctrine.

    1. Fact Sheet Outlines Tax Law Changes to Depreciation Deductions

    The IRS has released a fact sheet on the new rules and limitations for depreciation and expensing under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, addressing changes to section 179 expensing, first-year bonus depreciation, depreciation limits on luxury cars, the treatment of some farm property, and the applicable recovery period for real property.

    [FS-2018-9, 4/20/2018]

    1. Government Argues Corporation Wasn't Entitled to Expense Deductions

    In a brief for the Tenth Circuit, the government argued that employees who participated in an S corporation's employee stock ownership plan were related persons under section 267 and the S corporation couldn't deduct any accrued but unpaid expenses owed to either its direct or indirect shareholders, including ESOP participants.

    [Steven M. Petersen et al. v. Commissioner; No. 17-9003; No. 17-9004]

    Shareholders Argue Tax Court Erred in Decision on ESOP Participants

    In a brief for the Tenth Circuit, shareholders of an S corporation argued that the Tax Court erred in holding that employees who participated in the S corporation's employee stock ownership plan were related persons under section 267 and by disallowing the corporation's deductions for unpaid payroll and vacation pay.

    1. Court to Decide if School Treasurer Knew of Lapse in Tax Payments

    A U.S. district court, denying summary judgment to the government, found material factual disputes in an employee payroll tax case filed by the volunteer treasurer of a private school's board of directors who argued he was not responsible for collecting or paying payroll taxes for the school.

    [Bibler, David H. v. United States; USDC S OH, No. 2:I7-cv-I34, 4/23/2018]

    1. Financial Satisfaction Rising Thanks to Tax Cuts, AICPA Finds

    According to a survey conducted by the Harris Poll and published by the American Institute of CPAs on April 26, Americans' personal financial satisfaction reached a record high in the first quarter of 2018, reflecting the cuts to personal taxes under the 2017 tax law, and 68 percent of respondents said they were satisfied with their personal finances.

    [AICPA News Release, 4/26/2018]


    SCACPA Podcast 013 Apr 30, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    April 16, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 6 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. IRS Fact Sheet Outlines Options for Taxpayers Who Can't Pay What's Owed

    The IRS has advised individuals who can't pay all of their tax bill to file their return on time and pay as much as possible, which will help reduce penalties and interest, and to seek options provided by the IRS if they can't pay at all.

    [FS-2018-8; 4/13/2018]

    1. Student Loan Repayments to Doctors Are Excludable From Income

    In a legal memorandum, the IRS concluded that cash awards made under a state's student loan repayment program are excludable from the recipients' gross income under section 108(f)(4) and that the state isn't required to file or provide any information returns regarding those payments.

    [ ILM 201815016; 1/8/2018, rel. 4/16/2018]

    1. Extension Granted to Adjust Basis of Partnership Property

    The IRS granted a partnership an extension of time to file an election under section 754 to adjust the basis of partnership property.

    [LTR 201815002; 11/30/2017; rel/ 4/13/2018

    1. PRACTITONER ALERT ! ! !

    Questions Loom Over Repeal of Alimony Tax Provisions

    Upcoming IRS guidance on the repeal of alimony tax provisions is unlikely to answer some of the more pressing questions in the area that practitioners are wrestling with.

    [Tax Notes Today Article; 4/17/2018; by Eric Yauch

    1. Individual Fails to Establish Entitlement to Innocent Spouse Relief

    The Tax Court, in a summary opinion, denied an individual innocent spouse relief from joint tax liabilities with her former husband, finding that there was no evidence that she would suffer economic hardship if held liable, that she had reason to know the tax liability wouldn't be paid, and that she benefited from the underpayment.

    [ Suwareh, Chinelo Nwankwo et al. v. Commissioner; No. 7233-16S; T.C. Summ. Op. 2018-23; 4/16/2018]

    1. Engineer Can't Deduct Many Expenses He Claimed for Music Activities

    The Tax Court, in a summary opinion sustaining accuracy-related penalties, held that an engineer wasn't entitled to many of the loss deductions he claimed for his music activities, finding that, while he substantiated most of his expenses, many of them were nondeductible personal, living, or family expenses under section 262(a).

    [Nicholson, Aaron Keith v. Commissioner; No. 17625-16S; T.C. Summ. Op. 2018-24; 4/18/2018]


    SCACPA Podcast 012 Apr 23, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    April 16, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 6 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. Partnership Denied $1.8 Million Deduction for Easement Donation

    The Tax Court, declining to impose a penalty, held that a land development partnership wasn't entitled to a $1.8 million charitable contribution deduction for the donation of a conservation easement, finding that the easement was donated with the expectation of receiving a substantial benefit and that the value of the easement was zero.

    [Wendell Falls Development LLC et al. v. Commissioner; No. 3494-14; T.C. Memo. 2018-45, 4/4/2018]

    1. Reconstruction of Mileage Logs Falls Short of Substantiation Rules

    The Tax Court, sustaining an accuracy-related penalty, held that an attorney with multiple law offices wasn't entitled to a deduction for his business-related vehicle expenses, finding that his attempt to reconstruct the expenses failed to satisfy section 274(d)'s strict substantiation requirements.

    [Velez, Alavaro G. v. Commissioner; No. 23718-15; T.C. Memo. 2018-46, 4/5/2018]

    Individual's Questionable Mileage Summary Wrecks Deduction Claims

    The Tax Court, in a summary opinion imposing accuracy-related penalties, held that an individual failed to properly substantiate his Schedule C car expenses for two tax years, finding that his estimated mileage summary contained "far too many . . . irregularities, errors, and questionable and improbable entries to be considered reliable."

    1. Restless Retiree's Costs to Remodel House Are Capital Expenditures

    The Tax Court, in a summary opinion, held that a couple may not deduct expenses related to a house remodeling project meant to occupy the husband's time during retirement, finding that his activity was not a trade or business and that expenses incurred to improve the house, a capital asset, may only be treated as capital expenditures.

    [Havener, Shane et ux. v. Commissioner; No. 4506-16S; T.C. Summ. Op. 2018-17; 4/4/2018]

    1. Wrong Year on Tentative Claim Results in Denial of $3 Million Refund

    A U.S. district court denied an investment holding company's refund of $3 million for its 2005 tax year stemming from the carry back of losses for 2008, finding that the company failed to file a timely formal or informal refund claim because the form it filed for a tentative refund was for the wrong tax year and the court lacked jurisdiction.

    [UPK Holdings Inc. v. United States; USDC E NY; No. 1:15-cv-06431, 4/6/2018]

    1. Individual Can't Seek Damages for False Corporate Information Return

    The Eleventh Circuit, in an unpublished per curiam opinion, affirmed a district court's dismissal of an individual's suit against a couple and their company seeking damages under section 7434 for the filing of a false information return, finding that he failed to state a claim because the information return was issued for his corporation.

    [Baker, James v. James Batmasian et al.; CA 11; No. 17-12830; 4/9/2018]

    1. IRS Issues Transitional Guidance on Treatment of Advance Payments

    The IRS has issued transitional guidance allowing taxpayers, with or without applicable financial statements, to continue to rely on Rev. Proc. 2004-34 for the treatment of advance payments until coming guidance implementing legislative changes to section 451 is effective.

    [Notice 2018-35; 2018-18 IRB 1; 4/12/2018


    SCACPA Podcast 011 Apr 16, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    April 2, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 10 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. Economic Analysis: A Spreadsheet to Calculate the New Passthrough Deduction

    In economic analysis, Martin A. Sullivan discusses the difficulties new section 199A presents to owners of passthrough businesses.

    [Tax Notes Today; 4/2/2018; Article by Martin A. Sullivan]

    1. Interest Deductibility Guidance Settles Unanswered Questions

    The IRS released expected initial guidance on business interest expense limitations that address several questions for which practitioners had been clamoring for answers since the new tax law was enacted, but they yearn for more.

    [Tax Notes Today; 4/3/2018; Article by Emily Foster]

    IRS Issues Guidance on Business Interest Expense Limitations

    The IRS has issued guidance describing regulations that it intends to issue to help taxpayers comply with section 163(j), which was amended by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act to provide new rules limiting the deduction of business interest expense for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.

    [Notice 2018-28; 2018-16 IRB 1; 4/2/2018]

    IRS Announces Guidance on Business Interest Expense Limitation

    The IRS has announced the release of guidance for computing the business interest expense limitation under section 163(j), as amended by Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

    [IR-2018-82; 4/2/2018]

    1. Tax Court Upholds Disallowance of Alimony Deduction

    The Tax Court held that the IRS properly disallowed an attorney's alimony deduction because under Arkansas law his obligation to pay his former wife's share of their 2009 federal income tax, joint credit card debt, and property taxes survives her death and therefore does not meet all the requirements to qualify as alimony.

    [Davidson v. Commissioner; No. 24619-15; T.C. Memo. 2018-38; 4/2/2018]

    1. Business Owner's Loans Flunk the Bad Debt Test

    The Tax Court, sustaining some accuracy-related penalties but not others, held that an individual used one of his real estate business's funds to pay another of his companies' debts, finding that these purported loans weren't deductible as bad debts but instead were taxable distributions and wages.

    [Povolny Group Inc. et al v. Commissioner; No. 5935-14; No. 5936-14; T.C. Memo. 2018-37; 4/2/2018]

    1. Tax Court Finds Retirement Benefits Subject to Self-Employment Tax

    The Tax Court, in a summary opinion, held that retirement benefits received by a businesswoman from a cosmetics company are deferred compensation subject to self-employment tax under section 1401 because they were "derived by an individual from any trade or business carried on by that individual."

    [Sherman v. Commissioner; No. 13052-16S; T.C. Summ. Op. 2018-15;4/2/2018]

    1. Responsible Person' Dispute Keeps Payroll Tax Case Alive

    A U.S. district court, denying summary judgment to the government in a trust fund recovery penalty case, found genuine issues of material fact over whether an individual was a responsible person under section 6672 who willfully failed to pay a company's payroll taxes.

    [Ireland, Mike L. v. United States; No. 2:17-cv-02014; 4/2/2018]

    1. Tax Court Upholds Disallowance of Passthrough Loss Deduction

    The Tax Court held that the IRS properly disallowed a couple's passthrough loss deduction, finding that their real estate activities could not be grouped with their aircraft chartering activities to determine whether they materially participated in the latter, and that the loss from the chartering activities was a passive loss because they did not materially participate.

    [Brumbaugh, Charles and C.E. Holifield v. Commissioner; No. 9161-14; T.C. Memo. 2018-40; 4/3/2018]

    1. Partnership Denied $1.8 Million Deduction for Easement Donation

    The Tax Court, declining to impose a penalty, held that a land development partnership wasn't entitled to a $1.8 million charitable contribution deduction for the donation of a conservation easement, finding that the easement was donated with the expectation of receiving a substantial benefit and that the value of the easement was zero.

    [Wendell Falls Development LLC et al. v. Commissioner; No. 3494-14; T.C. Memo. 2018-45, 4/4/2018]

    1. Restless Retiree's Costs to Remodel House Are Capital Expenditures

    The Tax Court, in a summary opinion, held that a couple may not deduct expenses related to a house remodeling project meant to occupy the husband's time during retirement, finding that his activity was not a trade or business and that expenses incurred to improve the house, a capital asset, may only be treated as capital expenditures.

    [Havener, Shane et ux. v. Commissioner; No. 4506-16S; T.C. Summ. Op. 2018-17; 4/4/2018]

    1. Reconstruction of Mileage Logs Falls Short of Substantiation Rules

    The Tax Court, sustaining an accuracy-related penalty, held that an attorney with multiple law offices wasn't entitled to a deduction for his business-related vehicle expenses, finding that his attempt to reconstruct the expenses failed to satisfy section 274(d)'s strict substantiation requirements.

    [Velez, Alavaro G. v. Commissioner; No. 23718-15; T.C. Memo. 2018-46, 4/5/2018]


    SCACPA Podcast 010 Apr 10, 2018
    Show notes

    Lynn Nichols Federal Tax Update Podcast

    April 2, 2018, edition

    Listen as Lynn Nichols provides commentary on 6 Items pertaining to current developments in U.S. tax law. This week's topics include:

    OUR PROGRAM THIS WEEK INCLUDES . . . . . .

    1. NYSBA Tax Section Submits Report on Qualified Business Income

    Karen Sowell of the New York State Bar Association Tax Section has submitted comments to address various technical and interpretative issues that have arisen as a result of the addition of section 199A by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (P.L. 115-97).

    [Tax Notes Today; 3/26/2018]

    1. Third Circuit Affirms Drug Technology Royalties Were Ordinary Income

    A divided panel of the Third Circuit affirmed a Tax Court decision that held that a pharmaceutical scientist didn't transfer all substantial rights to the liquisolid drug technology he developed and, thus, subjected royalties he received under a licensing agreement with a drug company to treatment as ordinary income and not capital gains under section 1235.

    [Spireas , Spiridon v. Commissioner; CA 3; No. 17-1084; 3/26/2018]

    1. Grants Received for Building Restoration Were Taxable Income

    A U.S. district court, denying a partnership's request to amend its complaint, held that $11 million in grants the partnership received from the New York State Empire State Development Corp. for restoration of a former federal building constituted income for federal income tax purposes and were not excludable from income.

    [Uniquest Delaware LLC et al. v. United States; WD NY; No. 1:15-cv-00638 ; 3/27/2018]

    1. No Hardship distribution from 401(k) to pay off student loans

    [INFO 2018-0001; 1/11/2018; rel. 3/30/2018

    1. IRS Advises on Exchanges Involving Construction of Replacement Property

    [INFO 2018-0003; 1/5/2018; rel. 3/30/2018

    1. IRS Outlines 'Dependent' Qualification for Non-Citizen Children

    [INFO 2018-0004; 2/8/2018; rel. 3/30/2018]


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