Philosophy Talk Starters

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248: Is It All Relative? Nov 01, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/it-all-relative. We've all heard a disenchanted teenager claim that everything is relative and that there is no absolute morality or truth. Of course, there seems to be something wrong with that; isn't the relativity of everything then an absolute? Relativism has appeared throughout philosophy since the ancient Greek Sophists. Proponents of relativism argue that some central element of thought, experience, evaluation, or even reality is somehow relative to something else. Does that mean that we merely obey a code that has no inherent value? John and Ken avoid absolutes with Paul Boghossian from New York University, author of "Fear of Knowledge: Against Relativism and Constructivism."

247: John Locke Nov 01, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/john-locke. Thomas Jefferson identified John Locke as one of “the three greatest men that have ever lived, without any exception.” Many debates in modern political theory have their roots in the writings of John Locke, and Locke’s work on other philosophical issues, particularly identity and selfhood, have also influenced generations of philosophers. What was Locke’s influence on contemporary political theory and our understanding of the purpose of government? John and Ken are joined by William Uzgalis from Oregon State University, author of "Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding: A Reader’s Guide."

246: The 2011 Dionysus Awards Nov 01, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/movie-show-2011. It's the third annual Philosophy Talk Dionysus Awards show! With the help of listeners and special guests, John and Ken turn a philosophical eye to the past year's cinematic offerings, and present their Dionysus Awards for the most philosophically-rich films of the past year.

245: Procrastination Nov 01, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/procrastination. Everyone procrastinates – academics are especially prone to it. But why do we procrastinate? Is it lack of will-power? Or is procrastination more like a disease, something that might be cured? Can we structure our priorities in such a way so as to accomplish more even while procrastinating? John and Ken can no longer put off the discussion with Tim Pychyl, Director of the Procrastination Research Group at Carleton University and author of "The Procrastinator’s Digest: A Concise Guide to Solving the Procrastination Puzzle."

244: Derrida and Deconstruction Nov 01, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/derrida-and-deconstruction. Jacques Derrida was one of the most influential and also one of the most polarizing philosophers of the twentieth century. With his method of "deconstruction," Derrida provided critiques not only of literary trends and philosophical ideas but also political institutions. He won many followers among humanists, but analytical philosophers tended to be skeptical that Deconstructionism was anything more than a fancy name for a mélange of half-understood ideas. John and Ken take on Derrida and his ideas with Joshua Kates from Indiana University, author of "Fielding Derrida: Deconstruction in the Fields of Philosophy, History, and Beyond."

243: Abortion Nov 01, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/abortion. Nothing stirs up controversy like abortion. To some, it carries the steep moral cost of destroying human life, while to others, it represents an inviolable bastion of women’s rights over their own bodies. Despite the polarizing nature of the debate, it covers broad philosophical ground, and touches on religious, political, social and moral considerations. Ken and John seek a dispassionate and rational discussion of abortion with UC Berkeley Journalism professor Cynthia Gorney, author of "Articles of Faith: A Frontline History of the Abortion Wars."

242: The Moral Costs of Free Markets Nov 01, 2015

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More at: http://philosophytalk.org/shows/moral-costs-free-markets. We live in a market-driven society – our day-to-day lives consist of buying and selling goods and services, and to some, our ability to do so without government regulation is the underpinning of democratic freedom itself. Everything has a price, and pretty much everything is for sale, from concert tickets to political influence. But should it be this way? Ken and John explore the moral costs of free markets with Stanford philosopher Debra Satz, author of "Why Some Things Should Not Be For Sale: The Moral Limits of Markets."

241: Philosophy for Children Oct 31, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/philosophy-children. Because of their innocent approach to things, do children make good philosophers? Or do they lack the equipment for clear-thinking? Is exposure to philosophy good for children? Or will it undermine their sense of security? John and Ken welcome Jana Mohr Lone, founder and director of the Northwest Center for Philosophy for Children at the University of Washington. Together they'll put some classic philosophical questions about Mind/Body, Personal Identity, Ethics, and Social Philosophy to a live -- and questioning -- audience of Seattle schoolchildren.

240: The Power of Thought Oct 31, 2015

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More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/power-thought. Human thought is an amazing thing. It has given us not only science, literature, and morality, but also superstition, slavery, and war. Thought has the power to uncover the deepest mysteries of the universe. Or to create new realities – social realities. But what makes human thought so powerful? John and Ken put this question and more to renowned cognitive scientist Steven Pinker, author of the best-selling "The Language Instinct: How the Mind Creates Language" and "The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature."

239: Disagreement Oct 31, 2015

Show notes

More at http://philosophytalk.org/shows/disagreement. Sometimes people who seem to be your epistemic peers – that is, people as experienced, as well trained, as thoughtful, and as intelligent as you – disagree with you. Should this shake your confidence in your own beliefs? When, how much, and under what conditions? Ken and John search for common ground with Jennifer Lackey from Northwestern University, author of "Learning From Words: Testimony as a Source of Knowledge."

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