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Would you be interested in the return of Resonant Frequency, the Amateur Radio Podcast, if it cost a dollar an episode? Send your thoughts to Richard via email at kb5jbv@gmail.com.
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Black Sparrow Media now provides an aggregate RSS feed of Linux in the Ham Shack, QSK Netcast, and Resonant Frequency. One feed, three shows! Quite a bargain.
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There is now a (free) Black Sparrow Media mobile app for the iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch and Android! See blacksparrowmedia.net for details, and send us your feedback.
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Andrew, AC8JO, has a blog that discusses Linux, amateur radio, and other topics. Naturally, he mentions our podcast. Thanks, Andrew!
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Leif, KC8RWR, responded to our comments in episode 67 that Apple created CUPS. According to Wikipedia, CUPS, the Common UNIX Printing System, was developed by a Michael Sweet beginning in 1997, and was later adopted by Apple for OS X. In 2007, Apple hired Michael Sweet and purchased his source code. The Apple website provides a somewhat different version.
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Apple’s Version
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Wikipedia Article
Thanks for the information, Leif. Our advice is to pick the story you like and stick with it! 🙂
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Channel Bonding for Linux
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Channel bonding combines two or more network interfaces on a host computer for redundancy or greater bandwidth.
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By bonding two or more Ethernet links to your computer, you get several benefits, including redundancy, so if one network port fails, the other still works, and greater bandwidth when both (or more) links are running.
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Based on the Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP), though called different things depending on vendor, such as EtherChannel or PortChannel.
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It’s relatively easy to set up. Briefly:
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You’ll need an Ethernet port for each link, set up and configured in the normal manner. These ports will likely be called eth0, eth1, etc.
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Install the ifenslave package, which allows you to create a “bond” interface, say bond0.
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Create modules.conf file to alias the various ethx devices as bonding interfaces.
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Modify your /etc/sysconfig or /etc/network/interfaces file (depending on your version of Linux) to include an entry that references the bond0 interface.
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ifup the bond0 interface, and all the component interfaces should come up.
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Other configuration settings will set up the failover time.
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Resources:
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https://www.linux-corner.info/bonding.html for Red Hat-based systems.
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https://wiki.debian.org/Bonding for Debian-based systems.
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Ethernet bonding on linux (Debian based)
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Ethernet Bonding Configuration in Debian
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Bonding
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Our hosts then discuss the utility of load balancing between multiple network interfaces.
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More about the apt-cache utility
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Russ provides more information about the apt-cache utility for Debian-based systems, previously discussed in Episode 69.
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The basic syntax of the utility is apt-cache [command] [package(s)]. There are many commands you can use, including:
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policy [package] shows which repository provided, or would provide, a specified package.
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depends [package] shows all packages in the repositories that depend on the named package, and which other packages would be installed or suggested.
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showpkg [package] shows reversed dependencies; that is, which packages depend on the named package, and the MD5 checksum of the package.
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stats shows some aggregate sums about all the packages in the repositories included on your system. For example, on Russ’ system:
Total package names: 42814 (856 k)
Total package structures: 42814 (2,398 k)
Normal packages: 32874
Pure virtual packages: 374
Single virtual packages: 3670
Mixed virtual packages: 465
Missing: 5431
Total distinct versions: 33706 (2,427 k)
Total distinct descriptions: 33706 (809 k)
Total dependencies: 200360 (5,610 k)
Total ver/file relations: 35248 (846 k)
Total Desc/File relations: 33706 (809 k)
Total Provides mappings: 6402 (128 k)
Total globbed strings: 197 (2,192 )
Total dependency version space: 789 k
Total slack space: 65.4 k
Total space accounted for: 11.5 M
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unmet shows packages in the repositories with unmet dependencies in the tree, that is, if you attempted to install, would fail.
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show [package] shows meta information about the package. For example, “apt-cache show adduser” returns:
Package: adduser
Version: 3.113
Installed-Size: 1100
Maintainer: Debian Adduser Developers
Architecture: all
Replaces: manpages-it (« 0.3.4-2), manpages-pl (= 5.6.0)
Suggests: liblocale-gettext-perl, perl-modules
Description: add and remove users and groups
This package includes the ‘adduser’ and ‘deluser’ commands for creating
and removing users.
- ‘adduser’ creates new users and groups and adds existing users to
existing groups;
- ‘deluser’ removes users and groups and removes users from a given
group.
Adding users with ‘adduser’ is much easier than adding them manually.
Adduser will choose appropriate UID and GID values, create a home
directory, copy skeletal user configuration, and automate setting
initial values for the user’s password, real name and so on.
Deluser can back up and remove users’ home directories
and mail spool or all the files they own on the system.
A custom script can be executed after each of the commands.
Development mailing list:
https://lists.alioth.debian.org/mailman/listinfo/adduser-devel/
Homepage: https://alioth.debian.org/projects/adduser/
Tag: admin::user-management, implemented-in::perl, interface::
Section: admin
Priority: important
Filename: pool/main/a/adduser/adduser_3.113_all.deb
Size: 217556
MD5sum: 74c114db96f321f4d097b04ae305600a
SHA1: 567b8e42dc9b4777ab694f15ca71b7fa159749ef
SHA256: 3bfea7f2ffcb363e2cc2b701a6e6d2079f7554b4d76194a118916afd2400f5c4
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Tim Allen’s character in his latest TV show, “Last Man Standing” is a Ham Radio Operator, KA0XTT.
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