Roosevelt's Zoo: Presidential Pets Jul 28, 2023

🎙️ Hey there, history buffs! Did you know Teddy Roosevelt and his six kiddos were practically running a zoo in the White House? 🐻🐍 With over 40 pets, including a badger and even a bear 🦡, their adventures are bound to blow your mind! Tune in to our kids history podcast #WildWhiteHouse 🏰🐾 #PodcastFun

If you enjoyed please pass along to friends and your online community.

If you found the mistake I hid in the episode please head over to www.owlandtwine.com and email me the correct answer so I can share your name on our next episode.

Sources:

https://www.nps.gov/thrb/learn/historyculture/roosevelt-assorted.htm

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/presidential-pets-the-roosevelts-menagerie/

https://www.presidentialpetmuseum.com/theodore-roosevelts-bears/

https://www.presidentialpetmuseum.com/presidents/26tr/

https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/presidential-pets

https://www.whitehousehistory.org/questions/what-are-some-unusual-animals-that-have-lived-in-and-around-the-white-house

https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2021/02/politics/white-house-pets/

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/blogs/national-museum-of-natural-history/2023/02/20/in-1904-theodore-roosevelt-won-a-presidential-electionand-a-pair-of-ostriches/

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Matthew Henson: First Man on the North Pole: Black History Month I Can't Believe That Happened Feb 25, 2023

Mathew Henson

Explorer

I think I am going to do a series of PLEASE SOMEONE IN HOLLYWOOD MAKE A MOVIE ABOUT THIS PERSON

Tell me at the end if you would not sit and binge an entire series about Mathew Henson one of the first people to go to the NorthPole in our Black History month for I Can’t Believe That Happened.

Born August 8 1866 on a farm in Maryland

He was the middle child with an older and a younger sister

His parents were free sharecroppers who escaped to Georgetown after the KKK made southern Maryland too violent to stay.

Mathew was orphaned at a young age and raised by his uncle in Washington DC.

He earned money by washing dishes in a restaurant.

During the speeches of 1863 Mathew was deeply inspired by Fredrick Douglas.

At the age of 12 he became a cabin boy on the Katie Hines traveling to ports in China, Japan, Africa, and the Russian Arctic.

During his time on the Hines he was educated by the ship’s captain

When he returned to land he worked in a clothing store where he met Commander Robert E Peary. Once Robert learned of Mathew’s sea experience eh recruited him for a surveying tour of Nicaragua. Mathew impresses Peary on the voyage and became first man on all upcoming trips.

For twenty years the expeditions centered around the arctic where they traded heavily with the Inuit. Mathew learned their language and was said to be the only non Inuit who became skilled in driving the sled dogs and training the dogs in the Inuit way.

He was a skilled craftsman who learned to build igloos from snow and other mobile housing.

In 1909 Peary mounted an expedition to reach the North Pole. He and Mathew boarded the Roosevelt leaving Greenland along with four Inuit assistants, Four Inuit guides named Egingwah, Ooqueah, Ootah, and Seeglo, and were the first people to set foot on the North Pole.

Mathew was one of six chosen to make the final leg of the journey. Reports have it that Henson was no longer able to continue by foot and used the dog sled to scout ahead of the group.

Henson was the one to plant the American flag.

There was much controversy about the story but their accounts are backed up by the National Geographic association as well as the Naval Affairs Subcommitee of the U.S. House of Representatives.

In 1912 he wrote a book about his experiences traveling widely to give speeches about his experiences. Though Henson was a very important part of the expedition it was Peary who received most of the fame and focus. Henson spent years working as a clerk.

Long overdue in 1937 Henson was given membership to the New York Explorers Club.

Congress awarded him the Peary Polar Expedition Medal in 1944

He was honored by President Truman and President Eisenhower before he died in 1955

Bibliography

https://www.arlingtoncemetery.mil/explore/notable-graves/explorers/matthew-henson

https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2020/may/24/matthew-henson-arctic-explorer-first-man-to-north-pole

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One Ring To Rule Them All: The Ring That InspireD J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings Dec 09, 2022

Welcome to I Can’t Believe That Happened and our first episode on the History of Cursed Jewels.

A quick reminder I always throw in one wrong fact.

If you find it send me and email and let me know what the right fact is and what your source is.

Let’s start with the Ring of Dwarf Hill that inspired The Lord of the Rings author J.R.R. Tolkien

What if I told you that some of his epic fantasy came from actual history?

Let’s talk about:

The One ring to rule them all.

The ring that had all of middle earth in a massive power struggle.

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The Surprising History of Cursed Jewels, Jewelry, and Gemstones Nov 04, 2022

What is it about minerals and gemstones that we find so amazing even beyond their beauty? We give them a supernatural power from healing crystals, to purifications, to remembering our dead with memento mori, to of course curses of long-dead powerful rulers wishing to keep their riches in to the eternity of the afterlife.

We have told stories about cursed gems. There have been books and movies. You will certainly have heard of a few of the stories before or you might find out your favorite tale comes from one of these histories.

When studying history we find often that the most frightening part of the tale is not the supernatural but in the way that people can set aside kindness and treat others in a way that they themselves would not wish to be treated in obtaining a symbol of power and beauty.

As you might imagine the history of jewels is full of these tales. While this is meant to be a fun romp through history I want to leave you with this, never forget those in the margins of your history books and whenever you can choose kindness.

Now lets go far back into a world where stones are so much more than a decoration.

............

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Mercy Otis Warren: Playwright, Historian, and Whistleblower July 4 Jul 03, 2022

Mercy Otis Warren: Revolutionary Playwright, Historian, and Whistleblower July 4 Episode

In researching the revolution so many names came up that even with my decades of love of history I had never heard. Mercy Otis is one. Which is surprising given how much she did during and after the revolution and the president’s who held her views in high regard. She not only wrote to presidents )who wrote back) but she published plays, pamphlets, and the first history of the revolution published by and American. Though the presidents admired (or mostly admired) her work she did have some critiques on them. She was anti slavery believing that such horrors were undermining to what the country was based on. She was angry at the treatments of the First Nations people and as you may expect was angered that there was no place for women in the new laws.

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The Heroes of the Air: Versailles A Duck, A Rooster, and A Sheep May 03, 2022

A duck, a Rooster, and a sheep wander into a wicker basket. This is not a joke it is the start of our podcast and the beginning of the ability for humans to fly. 19 September 1783 at 1 PM a cannon blasts and our Heroes of the air walk and waddle their way into history in the courtyard of Versailles in front of 130,000 people including the Queen, Marie Antoinette and King Louis.

Joseph and Étienne Montgolfier had spent the years earlier experimenting with hot air and in the beginning, laundry to develop their hot air balloon.

Take a listen and find out how we began flying.

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Beatrix Potter Children's Book Author, Scientist, and Farmer A Ten Minute Children's History Podcast Mar 02, 2022

Beatrix Potter is beloved by so many of us for her darling illustrated children's books but did you know she was a scientist who changed the English landscape? It's time to learn all about this amazing woman, her love for animals, her brilliant scientific mind, and her love of nature.

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Elizabeth Jennings The Woman Who Started Desegregation of New York Transportation System:Black History Month Feb 12, 2022

Our first black history month at 10-minute history podcast for kids!

This week we are going to be taking a look at Elizabeth Jennings Grahm the woman who started the desegregation of the New York transportation system in the 1800’s.

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Chess Playing Turk Chess Automaton That Fooled The World Jan 13, 2021

The Chess Playing Turk Automaton

The magic trick that astounded the world was not made by a magician. It was not even intended to be a magic trick. It was a challenge and from the challenge one of the most interesting stories about magic and robots came to be.

Maria Theresa of Austria had a performance planned for her court in 1769 to watch a demonstration of magnetic tricks.
Her counselor, a Hungarian scientist Wolfgang Von Kempelen was unimpressed and said he could do better He returned in 1770 to perform, the creation took him six months.
Created a life-size automaton. The Turkish chess player. He showed the court all of the mechanics. All the court saw was the gears and rods that would make the automaton move.
The automaton was wound up ready to play, and a member of the court was chosen to play chess against the automaton.
The court reported to hearing whirrs and clicks as the automation moved its' pieces.
The automaton nodded twice to signal the check and three times for checkmate off its' opponent.
The chess-playing Turk Automaton gathered many famous challengers playing and defeating Benjamin Franklin and Napolean Bonaparte. Edgar Allan Poe wrote an essay about the automaton.
Wolfgang was not a magician he was a naturalist, a scientist, an architect, and a hydraulic engineer.
The automaton had a long “life” touring Europe and the Americas for 84 years.
The device was later purchased in 1804 and exhibited by Johann Nepomuk Mälzel. Maazel installed a voice box in the automaton that would say check whenever it cornered its’ opponent's king.
Maazel set up the game with Napolean. It was said that the emperor, who ultimately lost, attempted to cheat multiple times with the automaton shaking its’ head and placing the chess piece back where it had been.
How did a machine play chess? How did it account for variables and strategy? You are going to have to think outside the box to solve this puzzle.
If you did not guess don’t feel badly. This automaton confounded most of the world. The gears were a front. A hidden cabinet exited where a very small chess master could fit inside the secret compartment and play using puppeteering levers and dangling metal discs that were attracted to the magnets at the base of the chess pieces.
The chess masters who secretly operated it included Johann Allgaier, Boncourt, Aaron Alexandre, William Lewis, Jacques Mouret, and William Schlumberger, but the operators within the mechanism during Kempelen's original tour remain a mystery.
The illusion was completely shattered when Maelzel died unexpectedly in 1838 and the automaton was taken by one of his creditors.
The original automaton was destroyed in a fire but there are reproductions. John Gaughan spent a reported 120,000 to build his own version in 1984. It uses the original chess board which had not been destroyed in the fire. It ran not with a human chess master but with a computer running a chess program.

Bibliography:

Magic 1400’s-1950’s

Daniel, Noel Caveney, Mike Jay, Ricky and Steinmeyer Jim

Taschen

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Turk

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The History of Robots- The Silver Swan- Dec 28, 2020

Created by

Name: John Joseph Merlin (1735-18030)

Apprentice to James Cox.Musical inventor, created a museum called Merlin's Mechanical Museum in Princes Street

In the 1760’s created something like inline skates but forgot a braking system, he tested these two-wheel skates at a party while playing a violin where he became closely acquainted with a large and expensive mirror.

and James Cox ( 1723-1800)

An incredible businessman who reminds me of P.T Barnum. He ran the most expensive museum called the Cox museum. The goal of the museum was to attract royal patrons.

The Swan was created by Merlin and Cox in 1773

The swan was described in a 1773 Act of Parliament as being 3 feet (0.91 m) in diameter and 18 feet (5.49 m) high.

It is life-size

The swan is no longer this tall which brings the question if there was a second swan that might be lost or stolen like the waterfall that was behind the swan that was stolen while the swan was on tour.

The swan automata has a long and interesting history. It was exhibited at the Paris World’s Fair n 1867 and was bought and sold many times.

The swan was admired by Mark Twain during its’ display at the Paris International Exposition of 1864,

‘I watched the Silver Swan, which had a living grace about his movement and a living intelligence in his eyes - watched him swimming about as comfortably and unconcernedly as it he had been born in a morass instead of a jeweler’s shop - watched him seize a silver fish from under the water and hold up his head and go through the customary and elaborate motions of swallowing it...'

When the crank is turned the swan looks around itself then preens its’ silver feathers. It then swings its’ head around searching for the silver fish in the waves of glass. When she finds her prey she swoops down grabbing the wriggling fish in her mouth

Most recently restored 40 years ago, there are three separate clockwork motors. One is for the music, activating steel hammers that strikeout eight tinkling tunes. Another creates the illusion of the babbling brook and its darting fish. A series of camshafts, rollers, and levers rotate twisted glass rods on which seven fish are attached. During the restoration, it was discovered that instead of heading in the same direction, three of the fish were meant to swim forward, the rest backward. It is thought that three of the fish are from the 18th century and four from the 19th.

Bowes bought the swan in 1873 for $318 roughly $32,000 today.

Due to the current pandemic, it looks like the swan might need some more work. During normal times the museum had the swan’s feeding schedule set for 2 PM every day. Since the pandemic, the swan was shut down, once the museum reopened there seems to be a problem with starting the swan back up.

Hopefully, this stunning automata will be back in working order soon!

The swan can be visited at the Bowes Museum in County Durham

Bibliography

https://www.thebowesmuseum.org.uk/Collection/Explore-The-Collection/The-Silver-Swan#

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/robotic-silver-swan-has-fascinated-fans-nearly-250-years-180962024/

https://www.cultofweird.com/curiosities/silver-swan-automaton/

https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324355904578159601753981708#:~:text=Bowes%20bought%20it%20in%201872,Clock%20in%20the%20Hermitage%2C%20St.

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History of Robots: Jaques de Vaucanson :Pooping Robot Duck & the Flute Playing Automaton Jun 17, 2020

Jaques de Vaucanson

Early Life:

Jaques de Vaucanson was born in Grenoble, France in 1709

10th child to a poor family of glove makers

Jaques wanted to become a clock maker as a child. His mother being very religious took Jaques to church with her. While she was in confession Jaques would watch the clock until he memorized its’ mechanisms to such perfection he was able to recreate it at home.

When Jaques father died when he was seven he was sent to live and train with the Jesuits. It was a difficult place for Jaques and he did poorly unable to concentrate on lessons. He was even punished for having cogs and wheels to create a boat in his possessions. There was a stand off with the priests where he refused to learn until a teacher would help him make a boat that could cross the pond. After being punished a math teacher and monk decided to help Jaques.

Later he became reacquainted with his love of mechanics after meeting the surgeon Claude-Nicolas Le Cat this is where his love of anatomy came from that will feature in his work.

At 18 he had his first automaton workshop in Lyon in 1727. Jaques created a robot that would serve the dinner and clear the table. Instead of being impressed one of the politicians found the robot to be an insult to the natural order and demanded the workshop to be destroyed.

This era was the time of the robots. They were all the rage in the royal courts though were often classified as toys or games.

Jaques was also greatly admired by the famous minds of his time. Voltaire even called him a "new Prometheus".

Robots:

The Flute Player

The flute player while a marvel was Jaques first steps into creating not just a robot that would perform tasks but a robot that could imitate life. In 1737 the flute player was made as a life size Shepard that could play 12 songs.

It is said that the flute player came to him in a fevered dream during a four month illness.

Vaucanson had been told by a musician that the most difficult instrument to play and tune was a flute. The challenge was set and he decided to make an automaton that would not just mimic playing but would actually play the most difficult instrument.

This is what made the flute player unique in a court full of interesting automata was that the machine was playing the music as if it were alive using fashioned lungs that created the breath, fingers that moved, and a mouth that created the shapes need to make the music. The robot was playing the flute in an approximation of how a human would. He also created a tambourine player and a pipe and drum player based on the same principles.

The Digesting Duck:

When attendance and money fell of from his musicians in 1739, Jaques turned to something entirely new, the digesting Duck.

“…it was the same size as a living duck. It could drink, muddle the water with its beak, quack, rise and settle back on its legs and, spectators were amazed to see, it swallowed food with a quick, realistic gulping action in its flexible neck.” Gaby Wood

It is important to say the duck would grab pellets from the hands of visitors, gulp the food down a tube where the pellets would be “digested” in the duck’s stomach and then the duck would poop out the food. The entire food cycle in a robot duck all to the hilarity and enraptured crowd of France.

Research:

This Eighteenth-Century Robot Actually Used Breathing to Play the Flute

By Kat Eschner

SMITHSONIANMAG.COM

FEBRUARY 24, 2017

Living Dolls: A Magical History Of The Quest For Mechanical Life by Gaby Wood The Gaurdia

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The History of Robots: Leonardo Da Vinci: Robot Knight, Self-Driving Cart, and Robot Lions: May 08, 2020

Please Hit That Subscribe & Like. Remember, sharing is caring.

Leonardo DaVinci’s Robots History Podcast for Kids. Robot Lion, first self-driving cart, and robot lion all from the 1400’s! Share and press like.

Early Life: 1452- 1519 born into a challenging circumstance in Florence, Italy, but was given an apprenticeship at a painter's studio. Fishing reference.

Robots:

Leonardo’s Mechanical Knight:

The knight’s existence was discovered in 1957 by historian Carlo Pedretti.

Designed 1495 wearing German-Italian armor. According to records, it is believed the knight was built and at a celebration for Duke Ludovico Sforza in the court of Milan.

The knight worked via gear and pulley.

2002 the knight was rebuilt by robotics expert Mark Rosheim.

The knight went on to NASA helping in designing the planetary exploration robots.

Robotic Cart:

1478 the design was based on clock works with the power coming from wound up springs to regulate the cart’s drive mechanism. The direction or steering could be programmed with pegs put in round holes which would guide the carts directions to move at specific times. The drawing were found in the early 1900’s by Girolamo Calvi who dubbed the cart “Leonardo’s Fiat.”

In 2004 a working replica was made in Florence at 1:3 scale.

Take a look at these and then look up the Mars Land Rover.

Recreations and Applications to Current Robotics:

Da Vinci Lions:

According to records he built two automated lions for the French King Louis XII in 1509. It is said that one could rear up on their hind legs and present lilies (the flower of France). The second was a gift to Francois I when he visited, you guessed it Lyons (a city in France) in 1515. The King was so impressed with his new mechanical pet he offered Leonardo a permanent home in the French court.

Unlike the cart and the knight, we have far more records of the lions. Michelangelo wrote on the second lion’s abilities and design.

The lion was powered by a key capable of 10 steps before needing to be turned again.

In 2019 the lion was remade for The Italian Culture Institute in Paris. The lion was 10 feet long and 7 feet tall.

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The History of Robots: Al Jazari Brilliant Inventor: A History Podcast for Kids and Curious Adults Apr 16, 2020

Name: Badīʿ az-Zaman Abu l-ʿIzz ibn Ismāʿīl ibn ar-Razāz al-Jazarī

Early Life :

Born 1136 CE

Born in Upper Mesopotamia. Like his father, he served as chief engineer at Artuklu Palace. His book: The Book of knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices includes all we know of al- Jazari's life and only includes inventions he created himself.

Wrote: The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Device descriptions of over fifty mechanical devices with instructions on how to build them. His book was so important because he wrote it with full instructions, not keeping any trade secrets, a DIY book.

Famous Inventions:

The camshaft: this invention is what truly makes something a programmable computer. These are not seen again in Europe until a few centuries later. While we will focus on his Automata he did invent ways to bring water up without electricity.

Automata: Moving peacock driven by hydropower.

Musical Robot Band: Remember the can system? Robotic musicians would float on the lake playing music according to which can was put in place. Why the lake? Water power or hydraulic power.

Clocks:

Elephant clock

Castle clock: 11 feet high displayed zodiac, solar, and lunar orbits. The clock had five robot musicians 2 falcons that would drop balls into buses

Best Website

to view the book and an easy breakdown for teachers and homeschoolers https://aljazaribook.com/en/

Bibliography:

Ben Kingsley describes Al-Jazari's Elephant Clock (1001 Inventions)

[FILM] 1001 Inventions and the Library of Secrets - starring Sir Ben Kingsley (English Version)

Al-Jazari: The Mechanical Genius

by Salim Al-Hassani

https://muslimheritage.com/al-jazari-the-mechanical-genius/

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The History of Robots: Hero of Alexandria: History Podcast for Kids and Curious Adults Mar 26, 2020

Lived: 1st century writing between 60-70 AD.

Was a student of Ctesibius a man believed to be the head of the Museum of Alexandria. It is thought he was a teacher and lecturer there as well. Historians believe this since his writings appear to be lecture notes. He was also inspired by Inspired by Philo of Byzantium (3 centuries before wrote about the use of trapped and compressed air)

The museum was described to be a school that taught through experimenting and doing as well as by lecture. “Unusual blend of pure science with engineering . . . [and] applied technology . . . [where] much can be discovered through experiment.”

Wrote: Automata, the Pneumatica, the Dioptra, the Catoprica and the Mechanical

Hero used these techniques and expanded on them using water, steam, a need for the inventions, and a sense of humor.

From amusing tabletops (Hercules stands with a bow on the ground is an apple in front is a tree with a servant. If one lifts the apple Hercules draws his arrow and servant begins to hiss.)

In his treatise on pneumatics Hero outlines various birds that could move and sing according to which species they were be changing the pressure of air or water or the length of the tube. One of my favorites is the fountain surrounded by songbirds that would trill until an automaton owl would turn and notice them into still silence.

Hero also created a programmable cart that was powered by a falling weight. The ability for the cart to be programmed was created by strings wrapped around the driving axel. Pay attention to the rest of the book and see how many inventors use this invention as a starting point.

Hero is credited with the first robot which was used in his mechanical theatre. A theatre that ran a ten-minute play where actors, scenery, and sound were all mechanical and powered by gears and pullies.

“Using pegs projecting from the axle, Heron could vary how the rope was wound around the axle, allowing the robot to change direction and move along a pre-programmed course. This primitive mechanism is very similar to a modern binary computer language; old fashioned punch cards operated on exactly the same principle.

Heron used the same system of ropes, cylindrical axles and knots to create a mechanical play of almost 10 minutes in length, including dropping metal balls onto a sheet of metal to resemble thunder.” Heron's Inventions, Martyn Shuttleworth

Hero is credited with creating the world’s first:

Automatic Door Opener:

vending machine

Steam engine: Described by NASA as a "rocket-like device," Hero's steam engine (called an aeolipile) was essentially:

A hollow sphere that can rotate about an axis passing through antipodal points, because of steam flowing out through two bend pipes placed at its equator.

In case you would like to build your own

Hero gave detailed instructions on how to build one:

Place a cauldron over a fire: a ball shall revolve on a pivot. A fire is lighted under a cauldron . . . containing water, and covered at the mouth by the lid . . . with this the bent tube . . . communicates, the extremity of the tube being fitted into the hollow ball. . . . Opposite to the extremity . . . place a pivot . . . resting on the lid . .. and let the ball contain two bent pipes, communicating with it at the opposite extremities of a diameter, and bent in opposite directions, the bends being at right angles . . . . As the cauldron gets hot it will be found that the steam, entering the ball . . . passes out through the bent tubes towards the lid, and causes the ball to revolve.

Mechanical Puppet Theatre: Animated figures acted out a series of dramatic events, including the repair of Ajax's ship by nymphs wielding hammers, the Greek fleet sailing the seas accompanied by leaping dolphins, and the final destruction of Ajax by a lightning bolt hurled at him by the goddess Athena.

Fire Engine: described by Heroas follows:

Take two vessels of bronze [made] to fit . . . pistons fitted to boxes. Let the cylinders [be connected] by means of the tube and be provided with valves . . . within the tube end opening outwards from the cylinders. In the bases of the cylinders pierce circular apertures . .. covered with polished hemispherical cups . . . through which insert spindles . . . connected with the bases of the cylinders. . . . The centre of the pistons fasten the vertical rods . . . and attach to [a] . . . beam . . . branching into two arms . . . and provided with small pipes through which to force up water . . . [and] producing a water-jet by means of the compressed air.

Fountain: •A standalone fountain that operates under self-contained hydro-static energy; now called Heron's fountain.

Bibliography

The Amazing Ancient Machines of Hero of Alexandria

https://gizmodo.com/the-amazing-ancient-machines-of-hero-of-alexandria-1533213972

The pneumatics of Hero of Alexandria, from the original Greek.

https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbc0001.2009gen41532/

Heron's Inventions

Martyn Shuttleworth

https://explorable.com/heron-inventions

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The First Drone: Robot History: History Podcast For Kids and Curious Adults Mar 13, 2020

Archytas of Terentum First Drone

mathematician, political leader (elected seven times), and philosopher

Alive and active during the time of Plato. We know this because he sent a ship to rescue Plato from Syracuse. (not the city → this guy).

We only have four fragments of Archytas' work. We mostly rely on writings that took place fifty years after his death to piece together his life.

350 B. C.

The first self-propelled flying device

Wooden mechanical dove capable of flapping wings and flying

200 Meters using compressed air and steam.

These are second-hand reports and many believe pulleys and counterweights were used since the first wind up bird was not invented until a few hundred years later by Hero of Alexandria who will talk about next week-This is only a theory since all records of the event state that-the bird actually flew but with no drawings of the workings of the dove we have to take guesses. Until a clever person or child recreates this original drone using materials and techniques of the times to see what was possible.

Bibliography

A Brief History of Robot Birds

The early Greeks and Renaissance artists had birds on their brains By Jimmy Stamp

SMITHSONIANMAG.COM

MAY 22, 2013

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Archytas

First published Thu Jun 26, 2003; substantive revision Tue Aug 23, 2016

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Elizabeth Jennings The Woman Who Started Desegregation of New York Transportation System Feb 25, 2020

Today I want to talk about Elizabeth Jennings her story is about the importance of challenging systems

A special thank you to Mo Rocca and his show Mobituaries for bringing Elizabeth Jennings to my attention and patching up a massive hole in my US. history education.

Elizabeth Jennings-Grahm Born free in 1827 to a freeborn father and a mother who was born into slavery. Her father Thomas L. Jennings was the first black patent holder in 1821 for developing a new clothes Cleaning method. He was able to purchase his wife's freedom though under the abolition law of 1799 She remained an indentured servant until 1827. Elizabeth grew up with well politically-active parents. Elizabeth grew up to become a school teacher at New York African Free School-and was the organist at her church.

During the 1850's the 'bus' was a horse-drawn wagon. These were not run by the city but by private companies that felt that they could refuse passengers or assign seating based on race. The rule was segregated carts or if no person objected then they could ride.

On July 16, 1854 Jennings was running late for service at church. Elizabeth and her friend Sarah Adams got on the trolley and was ordered off. She refused bravely holding window sashes and then the conductors' coat as she was thrown off. She jumped back on the train only to be forcibly removed by a police officer.

Her father took donations at church to sue the transportation company Third Avenue Railroad Company. Fredrick Douglas wrote about her case in his paper. The future president of the United States was her lawyer, Chester A Arthur. This is almost exactly one hundred years before Rosa Parks. with a jury of all white men, they ruled in favor of Elizabeth awarding her $250 about $8,000 today. She had asked for $500. Judge William Rockwell added 10 percent plus legal costs. This made the railway companies desegregate and began a ten-year process to full desegregation in 1865 of the New York public transportation system.

Elizabeth continued teaching for thirty-five years. She did go on to start and operate one of the first kindergartens for black children out of her home in her later years. She died on June 5 1901.

For a woman who used her bravery and her use of disobedience to challenge a corrupt system why have so many not heard her name? Thanks to a group of third and fourth graders from P. S. 361 lobbied in 2007 to name the street corner "Elizabeth Jennings Place" In 2019 Chirlane McCray announced a statue at Grand Central. please see our show notes for details or how you might help.

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Unmasking the Lone Ranger: Bass Reeves Most Feared US Marshall: Black History Month Feb 06, 2020

For the start of black history month, we are going to head all the way back to the old west to meet a man who has been long thought to be the inspiration behind The Lone Ranger. Take a listen through and if you are familiar with the TV show or watched the latest movie let me know below what you think. Without any dispute Bass Reeves was one of the most feared lawmen of the west.

Born 1838 in Crawford County, Arkansas as a slave. The slave owner was Confederate Colonel George Reeves and during the war. There are conflicting accounts as to what happened but on record, he said to have left to ensure his safety and his freedom.

Bass Reeves escaped into Oklahoma territory where he found help and friendship amongst the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole First Nations Tribes. During his time with The First Nations Tribes, he learned the skills that would make him one of the best lawmen of the west. He learned to track, shoot, ride, and fluently speak five First Nations Languages. By the way, if I am using First Nations and Native incorrectly please email me. I did an extensive search but I am open to corrections.

It is said that he left his master but that he went to the Union to fight. Other accounts have him moving to Arkansas to farm and marry Nellie Jennie (and have 11 children). Some accounts say both.

Bass Reeves started as US Marshal in Oklahoma and the Arkansas Territories in 1875. Bass Reeves was never taught reading. He was said to have memorized how the suspect’s name looked on the paper ad was able to match it with the warrant. He was never said to have arrested the wrong person.

He was known for his relentless pursuits of criminals and while shot at many times was said to have never been hit by a bullet. He did come close having both his hat and belt shot off. His jurisdiction territory spanned seventy-five thousand square miles. It was said that when a deputy marshal rode out for a round trip of 800 miles a wagon and a cook who also served as a guard went along. This territory was supposed to be handled by 200 deputies unfortunately according to records only twenty to thirty worked at a time.

In total Bass Reeves accounted for over 3,000 felons using disguises (a fellow criminal hunted and shot at by law enforcement, a woman, or a preacher). Taking them in as they say dead or alive. Though according to the numbers he made sure to state of just over 3,000 he only had to kill 14 and only in self-defense.

After he retired at 67 he spent two years as a city policeman in Muskogee, Oklahoma. During those two years, there were no reported crimes in his new territory.

Historians have an incredible benefit to Bass Reeves working life in that he would often be followed by newspaper reporters who would give eye witness accounts.

If you ever in the neighborhood go pay respects the bridge that crosses the Arkansas River named the Bass Reeves Memorial Bridge.

One of my favorite depictions of Bass Reeves was on a short-lived but amazing sci fi show Timeless.

A thank you to Owlcation and the writer Readmikenow for a huge leg up on the structure of this episode

References:

CNN

The Washinton Post

The Muskogee Pheonix

The Oklahoma City Weekly Times-Journal

National Parks Service

Key words Oklahoma History, Midwest History, Arkansas History

The Washinton Post

The Muskogee Pheonix

The Oklahoma City Weekly Times-Journal

National Parks Service

Key words Oklahoma History, Midwest History, Arkansas History

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Pandora The World's First AI A History Podcast for Kids and Curious Adults Jan 23, 2020

Pandora:

The myth of Pandora can be read as a warning against artificial intelligence or AI. As the first AI being created (by Hephaestus) she did define the chaos of what AI can bring.

In Hesiod’s Theogony Pandora is made as a response to Prometheus giving the human’s fire. Zeus seemed to think that was just a step too far in the human power direction and not enough in the all-mighty Zeus and God power line up.

So Zeus goes to his brilliant design and crafting god, Hephaestus, and asks him to create a woman. Depending on what you read she is made of earth or breathed into existence using fire.

The other Gods and Goddesses circle round giving her intelligence, beauty, and of course curiosity. Her name means “all gifted or all giving”. She is also given a box and told NOT TO OPEN IT.

The box contained the entirety of ills that can befall a civilization. Even if you have never heard the myth I bet you can guess what happens. After all of the horrible exits the box (or jar again depending on the reading) there is a tinkering sound. Pandora, I am guessing has a what else could go wrong attitude opens the box again. The tinkering sound is a ball of light which is hope.

So much to unpack here but I think this myth is an important one. Artificial intelligence offers us incredible convenience, progress, and for many in the disabled community's quality of life and communication. But do you think can go wrong? As we invent do we also have a responsibility to see what pitfalls our progress might hold? If we know a cliff is coming perhaps we can create some safety protocols. From our last chapter, you were supposed to think up a robot to do a task. You were going to think of what the task would be and what you would need to program the robot to do and how its’ design would help it in its’ task. Now I would like you to think about what would you do with your robot to make sure it does what you want it to do but does not do what it is not programmed to?

Be sure to send this to us under our contact us at www.owlandtwine.com

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Talos The First Robotic Security System: A History of Robots Jan 13, 2020

Hello everyone and this is our first week of robots the history! Robots, can you tell excited I am?

Welcome to I can't believe this happened. We are going to start with ancient Greece and we're going, to begin with, the robot Talos.

Links:

Hephaestus

Minos

Zeus

Crete

Colossus of Rhodes

Do You Want To Contribute? Did you find the wrong fact? Do you have the right one? Would you like to let me know what skills you would give your room protection robot? Click here

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A History of Robots Automatons Preview Jan 06, 2020

Hello everyone and welcome to I Can't Believe that Happened, a short history podcast for kids and curious adults.. Thank you so much for your patience. I know that was a really long break and I am sorry but I think that your patience is going to be worth it because I have been researching for a new season and that is going to be the history of robots.

I am so excited about this. I hope you are too. I was thinking, the history of robots we'd be going back to the 1950s and back to the Jetsons and if any of you were too young for the Jetsons see if you can head over to YouTube and find it. I hope you love Rosie as much as I did when I was a kid. We are actually going to be heading back to ancient Greece, and I know when you think ancient Greece, you are not thinking robots. That's what makes this so cool and I promise you there were robots in ancient Greece, and we have a lot of historical records to prove that.

It's really cool. I cannot wait to introduce you. We're going to be doing this in segments because this is a massive topic. I had no idea how big it was until I started to research. The first thing we are going to do is to look at the mythology of robots, and I know it's a history podcast we work in facts.

However, I think it is important to also understand where these facts came from and mythology like science fiction, like fairy tales is a way that we can dream about what doesn't exist yet. And it is really interesting to see what people dreamed of before they actually became a thing. So we will start with the ancient mythology of robots and then we will be going to go into the ancient world of Greece to meet the actual first robots.

After we will head over to medieval turkey to meet an incredible engineer , artist, and creative person who created some of the most beautiful and amazing and intricate automaton robots. I cannot wait for you to see the elephant clock. That was one of the coolest things I've ever seen and when we say medieval it's really interesting because we don't usually think a beautiful intricate clever witty funny things, but this is absolutely unreal.

If you go over to our website and you go look at the show notes or you go to or YouTube channel you'll get to see I'm going to post as many of these automaton robot videos as I can. Some of these automaton robots still exist, some of them have been built using the engineers notes and of those are stunning.

From the medieval world, we're gonna start moving into the courts the Royal Courts where engineers were patronized by the Royals and created some amazing things. So get ready to meet Leonardo da Vinci's working full-size knight. You will meet some very cool people one of my favorites were going to meet someone who invented roller skates.

Also, by the way, and helped stylize a system that really changed how things went from just one or two movements. To something that almost felt like alive. It's really cool. You'll get to meet all of these people and then we're going to move into the late 1800s and the early 1900s where automatons and robots became part of advertising.

They were in carnivals and boardwalks. They were also something that were sold often as dolls, so if you think about something that's more rudimentary like a music box you opened up and the ballerina spins, that's a very basic automaton, but some of these toys and the late 1800s. Were unreal and amazing what they could do.

So we'll get to meet them and then we're going to go up to the present day because you're going to see how even something that was invented as far back as the medieval era still influences our design today and how even NASA engineers look backwards to create things like the Mars Rover.

So, I hope you join us this is going to be a full year. I am only about three quarters or so I done with my research right now and I'm going to be making some books. I hope you enjoyed. Those and you can always buy them and go over to www.owlandtwine.com website and that's where everything from this podcasts to all of my illustrations, story telling games, and books that I have written and illustrated live.

Please go to the show notes by going to I Can’t Believe That Happened where I'll be posting and collecting as many of these videos as I can find so you can actually see these automaton robots in action. It is really amazing and cool. I hope you subscribed to the Podcast that would be really kind of you and if you have a few minutes and you'd like to do something very kind for the podcast.

I just run this on my own. I have not gotten advertisers yet, so it's really wonderful that you guys share this I would not have the Reach that I have It's amazing and humbling to see other countries and the reach that this podcast just had That's all thanks to you guys sharing and to your Facebook groups to your friends your family your teachers, that's been amazing.

Thank you so much. So if you have a few minutes anyone do something kind hit subscribe and share these episodes. I really appreciate it. There's one other thing. I really want to try this here and it's gonna be a complete experiment. So bear with me and see if this works out, but I wanted to play a game with everyone and I hope you're interested in trying this.

Every episode I am going to have one wrong Fact in the episode And what I'm hoping is that you guys will actually start researching some of the things I'm saying. And if you find that one wrong fact before the next episode comes out. I hope you'll go over to owl and twine.com and send me a message and let me know which fact I got wrong and what the real fact is.

So let me know what kind of prices you would like for that. I was thinking I would give your name out as a shout out on the next episode or we could even talk about maybe downloading some of the books that I have. I've written a bunch of kids in illustrate kids books.

Let me know. And had a www.owlandtwine.com and send me a little note and let me know what you think and what you would like to have done the most. I hope you enjoy this new game. I'm very curious to see how it will go. Have a great week everyone come back next week.

I will be talking to you about pretty much the world's first major robot security systems, so we're gonna meet Talos who was the robot security system for the ancient island of Crete, I'll see you all next week. Thank you so much and hit subscribe if you can. Take care.

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New Episode: History Podcast for Kids: Famous Magicians: Houdin Oct 02, 2019

Jean- Eugene-Robert-Houdin-

(December 7, 1805 – June 13, 1871)

“A magician is merely an actor playing the part of a magician.”

Jean was born in Blois France to a watchmaker. His father was set on Robert becoming a lawyer. Robert was set on becoming a watchmaker. He had a job as a clerk in a law office for a short time where he spent most of his time tinkering with mechanical objects in the office than writing and copying. He was sent back to his father where he became an apprentice watchmaker. He never stopped making clocks and is credited with the invention of The Mystery Clock.

In the 1820’s he saved his money to purchase a 2 column set of books, Treatise on Clockmaking, written by Ferdinand Berthoud. In a twist of fate upon returning home he discovered

Not the books he had saved for but a 2 volume set on magic called Scientific Amusements.

The books had a fault. They explained the principle behind the trick but not how to perform the trick. Without the benefit of our modern magic, the internet. Robert went to take lessons from a local fair and party magician named, Maous from Blois (side note Maous from Blois was a foot doctor when not performing at parties).

Jean learned sleight of hand and dexterity but the most important lesson he learned was repetition and discipline. I have researched many magicians and a constant theme is they are never without their trade. If they are a card magician you will never see them without a deck that they are working with.

Jean also learned that it is crucial to still make money even while pursuing one’s passions. He opened a watchmakers shop and performed in his spare time.

Jean met and married Josephe Cicle Houdin. He took her last name and hyphenated his Robert- Houdin in 1830. They moved to Paris where Jean worked in his father in laws watchmaking shop and he found a group of magicians at the shop Rue Richelieu.

He married his love of mechanisms with an interest in automatons creating a singing bird, a dancer on a tightrope, and an automaton that wrote and drew. This was later sold to P.T. Barnum.

Using his knowledge of engineering he created amazing props and made stories out of magic creating character plot tension and resolution in his acts.

His props were nothing short of engineering marvels creating illusions that were not only beautiful but told stories from the growing an orange tree in a pot to the levitation of his son.

His acts and his ability to create a narrative play from magic changed the way magic was performed to this day. Magic had become high entertainment and not a way for a magician to claim special powers. Magic was to awe and delight. It was an age of Darwin and reason and Houdin’s magic played into science and engineering of the age, not the superstition.

To further prove this point he did not dress as magicians had before. No long robes embroidered with strange symbols. He dressed as the members of his audience would have done. Coattails, top hat, and gloves

His first show was in his estimation a disaster. On July 3, 1845 he performed the “Soirees Fantastiques.”

On the verge of a nervous breakdown he told a friend of his failure. His friend agreed with him. It was silly and ridiculous. This harshness gave Jean the kick up the backside he needed to try again.

Jean had tremendous success both as an inventor of new and amazing illusions and by selling his magic tricks to other magicians. His style of having tricks build upon tricks to create a story is still used to this day. His influence on other magicians of his time and directly after can not be overstated. The most famous being Houdini who in 1891 took on the last name.

In an interesting side not after he retired at 48 he was called upon by Napoleon the third to use his magic to pacify a tribe in Algeria.

If you have ever seen a movie called Hugo you might have heard a few things that make you think of the movie. Here is why. In 1888 after his death, his widow sold his theatre to Georges Melies. A magician himself, though history mostly remembers him for his contributions to movie making and pioneering stop motion effects.

Resources

https://esoterx.com/2014/09/16/the-algerian-war-of-the-wizards-jean-eugene-robert-houdin-vs-the-marabouts/

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1926-03132-001

http://www.ptbarnum.org/humbugs.html

Magic Is Dead Ian Frisch

Hiding the Elephant

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Emperor Norton Sep 24, 2019

visit www.owlandtwine.com to sign up for our newsletter and see the images discussed in the podcast.

A for kids history podcast in 10 minutes. This week the emperor of America, Edward Norton. Hailed by the San Francisco Chronicle to the New York Times. Edward Norton was a visionary of the gold rush who made decrees from equal rights to building the Bay Bridge. Lauded as the only emperor to shed no blood.

Emperor Norton the King of America

Did you know America had a king? This is one of my favorite stories in history and it happened in San Francisco California in the late 1880’s. The reason this is one of my favorite tales from history is that usually when someone decides they are going to grab for power they are usually doing it for POWER. There is a fight of varying degrees of awful for everyone involved. This is not that story. Emperor Norton was a visionary and you will see his vision for this country and the state of California was ahead of its’ time. This is a story of a fortune lost, some very good ideas, a two VERY good dogs, and a dear friend named Mark Twain

Joshua Norton was born in 1818 or 1819 in Britain migrating to San Francisco for the gold rush in 1849. He invested heavily in real estate growing a $40,000 investment into a quarter of a million dollars. Due to a bad deal in rice he became bankrupted and disappeared for a small while.

When he came back he came bak in a big way. On September 17, 1859, a most unusual decree appeared in the San Francisco Bulletin newspaper. In grandiloquent fashion, the message stated, “At the peremptory request and desire of a large majority of the citizens…I, Joshua Norton…declare and proclaim myself Emperor of these United States.” It went on to command representatives from all the states to convene in the Bay Area, “to make such alterations in the existing laws of the Union as may ameliorate the evils under which the country is laboring.” The edict was signed, “NORTON I, Emperor of the United States.”

Mr. Norton was usually dressed in an epaulette-adorned Navy coat, an ostrich feather-plumed hat and occasionally carrying a military saber, the delightfully eccentric “Emperor Norton I”

He lived by the kindest of restaurants that would take the currency he made. Many of the citizens would bow and tourists would collect his currency as a keepsake. There were Emperor Norton dolls. Theatre owners would save him a seat for opening nights. San Francisco’s directory listed his occupation as Emperor.

The San Francisco newspapers knew they had found gold and would print each of the emperor’s proclamations with great fanfare. . When an overzealous police officer once dared to arrest the Emperor on charges of vagrancy, the city’s newspapers responded with outrage. One writer defended him as a local institution, arguing, “since he has worn the Imperial purple [he] has shed no blood, robbed nobody, and despoiled the country of no one, which is more than can be said for his fellows in that line.” The Emperor was quickly released, and from then on, the city’s lawmen saluted whenever they encountered him on the street.

In October 1859, declared, “fraud and corruption prevent a fair and proper expression of the public voice…in consequence of which, we do hereby abolish Congress.”

"He's talking about how African-Americans should have the right to attend public schools, ride public streetcars. How the Chinese should be able to have their testimony heard in court," Lumea says. Norton also argued for the rights of Native Americans and against political corruption. (KQED)

In the 1870’s he asked for funds to build a bridge between San Francisco and Oakland. The Bay Bridge was built in 1936.

During Edward Norton’s reign Mark Twain worked as a journalist for the San Francisco papers. Mr. Twain was inspired by the emperor modeling the “king” in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn after him.

The emperor was said to spend his days in the library, playing chess, at religious services , or going for walks with the cities most famous dogs: Bummer and Lazarus. If you hav not yet heard I Can’t Believe That Happened episode on Bummer and Lazarus go to our show notes and click on the link.

When Emperor Norton dies in 1880 he was hailed as far as The New York Times as The great emperor of America for more then 20 years. The headline of his obituary in the San Francisco Chronicle read, "Le roi est mort." More than 10,000 people attended his funeral.

Resources

https://www.history.com/news/the-strange-case-of-emperor-norton-i-of-the-united-states

Emperor Norton’s Decrees

http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/norton.html

Bay Curious Podcast: America's Emperor, San Francisco's Treasure: Who Was Emperor Norton?

https://www.kqed.org/news/11652705/americas-emperor-san-franciscos-treasure-who-was-emperor-norton

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Adelaide Hermann “The Queen of Magic” Sep 05, 2019

Hey all this is Monica from I can't believe that happened and I am so grateful for all of you coming back to the podcast it was a very long and unexpected but I try to have some exciting news I took the time because I was reading a book and I could really use your help on this it's at I will and Twine.com that's the website and I cannot live in some of the book it's also a game and I need as many people as possible to take a look at play the game and tell me what you like and don't like this is completely free if you go to the website www.owltwine.com it's right at the front if he just signed up with your email completely free I really just need to help with a lot of people try this out OK so on to the podcast I i am really excited I get to introduce you to one of my favorite magicians and women in history Adelaide Herman so Adelaide was born in london 1853 to call a fairly eccentric family she grew pretty much in the family museum which I i think if you kind of a cool thing ever I would love to live in our group and the museum she really had aspirations of becoming a dancer and she went about it and some of the stuff meeting with them ever heard usually you think oh I won't be a dancer I'm just gonna have to dance classes treats and aerialist that's like those amazing people in circuses that are up at the big tough and doing also it's a crazy things and that the five things in the air and then she rode in and going to miss pronounce this so please forgive me of the loss of goodness we're going to just Collett a bicycle if you look this up online you'll see that in the late 1800s there were these things are very close so we can make bicycles but they're a little bit more of a steam punk he does I need a very interesting look and I highly recommend going to Google taking a look so she can just write this shit kind of are used it as a way to do tricks is just incredible with how she just always had to perform she is amazing the skills become very important because she becomes a very important magician and before she becomes very important addition please forgive the snorting and snoring in the background of my pug decided she needed to be with me all day today so I'm never gonna be able to edit out that sound and I'm just picture a very cute little pug and the snoring starting sounds much cuter so all of his physicality is really important because she uses as the magicians assistant and then as one of the most important magicians in her own acts herself Adelaide finally got her dream to be a dancer and she moved to New York to be a part of a dance trip this is where is she needs Alexander Herman now he is considered a pretty important and fairly famous magician along with his brother and they had to separate thanks for going on when the United States and when you're off and switch he Alexander fell head over heels for Adelaide and it's really not hard to imagine why if you see her I'll have some pictures up on the show now so if you head over to to the website and take a look I'll have some pictures up of her she was it's not that she was beautiful if I think she's beautiful but there's just things so alive about her and she was so creative and so she's just so smart and yeah anyway sorry I digress but it's she's just incredibly lively DM they together created but we think of as the magician luck so if you're going to kind i like close your eyes and get a stock image of a magician in your head you kind of think the tall thin text Sido very serious long top man and that is what Alexander Herman like play now this is where I get a little squishy and details and I'm sorry it's it's really hard to explain because when you think of the Magicians Assistant you can think of the person is like oh look I'm pretty over here so you don't see the transitions over there and that was what she's doing and she's incredibly skilled she was coming up with a lot of the ask yourself that her husband performed and yes I'm sorry to skip a big part that they got married congratulations to them both in 1875 and it was such a big wedding that even the mayor of New York came I brought a lot of incredible artistic set ideas costuming and a sense of allusion to their act which is very different than the actress already performing they became incredibly famous and wealthy is an a lot of money KMan the problem is a lot of money went out more money would help them be amazing about summer coming in and it became a big grandpa when Alexander died unexpectedly she was left with tremendous stats and a show and as a woman in the routine 1800s I'm if you can't be? If she could continue to show on her own and Alexander's nephew stepped in and he said that you do the show with her they tried to but it did not go well just spoiler if it did not go well at all and they separated and seem like there's a lot of blood and that person leave at 11 stops not important except to say that she thought she needed to try will more time with another person to make this famous she took some time off and in 1899 she's has a solo and it is incredibly successful it is John dropping the amazing and she becomes be "on "queen of magic and the first really successful female magician so if the switch is at 46 and she comes on a world tour and she's not just famous for her magic and she's also famous as a fashion icon and I'm going to just drop in pictures of her costume design I i am a sucker for custom design and what she wore it really start him since a lot of it was going on at the time they said the word select famous female magician and Adelaide Herman would be really mad at me about that she was very clear that I am she said over and never again I should not be content until I'm recognized by the public as a leader in my profession and entirely irrespective of the question of sex so for the breakdown of that sentence if you are misunderstanding face of the words there is that she saying I just want to be none of the fast I do not want to be known as the best woman I don't even want my gender to be a part of the discussion I just wanna be known as the best illusionist magician ever Natalie played with a lot of our types like types of women and stories in her box and one for most famous ask was the Phantom bride and It! have these themes of loss and marriage and you could probably imagine that this is fairly personal to her after having lost her husband she would couldn't get hypnotized the bride the assistant and the body of the bride would raise up and ship has a Hulu can you be kind of thing over at the body to so there is no alarm wires or anything and she did that act if you times in a few different ways and she did the which illusion where she stumbled on the stage just as an old woman and I am should try to reach fire burning in the darkness it was your ride to the fire should diving to the freight flames and see it returned as a mean go sleep at all of this sounds like kind of like hokey but if you think about it during this time of those late 1800s early 1900s before television this to be a shocking and really needing to see the she performed all of these acts which was incredibly physical and she went on these massive world tours of shit who have until her 70s and 1926 there's a huge warehouse fire and that just destroyed everything she had all the props and when you are a magician your props are everything they are the illusions that they are creating are created by the props and these are incredibly expensive things to buy or have felt and everything was gone so you might notice that a lot of the times and I'm talking about a specific person in this podcast I usually choose them because they read they they don't let anything stop them and I admire that quality tremendously she's in her 70s she loses everything again for the second time in her life and she rebounds she she starts a new show and it's called magic Grace and music and it it it pretty well of me you could say the national of other artists your book shows her in final performing years she was she was really an amazing woman and she did pass away in February 1932 and still you know if you can if your imaginary Jill hear about her but it's important to remember I miss people know who Houdini is and was and they had very similar interests in and how they perform their magic of them and they were just as famous as each other so I just wanted to bring Adelaide Herman back out from the shadow so you were and please take a look at the senates I'll try to link as much as I can see you can see certain what I'm talking about and thank you so much for being so patient with me while I was writing and not posting these weekly I will try so hard to be better at posting these I'll try harder not to see him so much so the kind of thing y'all can do is side from going on signing up for reading Blackwater or Manor and Playing Blackwater Manor is to head over to Apple podcast leave us some stars and some reviews this is oh kind of a project of fun for me I'm just really excited history and I hope you guys enjoy this as well thank you so much I hope you will tune in next week and I can you know we don't every case at all for this podcast this is just something I do because I love history and resend it I love you for listening now and all I can think is that must be because you guys are getting some value from it and you're enjoying it and you're sharing it so if you could keep doing that that is just that means so much to me that do you enjoy this enough to share with friends and family are next month is going to be the Halloween month a.k.a. my favorite holiday ever so I can recovery so. From like the history of Halloween movies in the history of horror movies take history trick-or-treating and I'm at so I hope I see you next month and next week I i will think of something else really cool talk about next week

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Hazel Scott: Genius Musician, Performer, and Civil Rights Activist May 02, 2019

Hazel Dorthy Scott born June 11, 1920 in Trinidad her parent:

R. Thomas Scott a West African scholar from Liverpool and mother

Alma long Scott a music teacher and classical pianist.

Jazz and classical pianist

Age 4 taken to New York as a musical prodigy
8 given a scholarship to Julliard when the start age is suppose to be 16
At 15 she started her own radio show and played with the Count Basie Orchestra

As a teen performed piano and trumpet in her mothers all girl jazz band. In the mid 1930's she played at

The Apollo Theater and Carnegie Hall.

By 1945 she was making $75,000 a year or adjust for today $1 043, 762.

In 1943 she began appearing as herself in many movies: I Dood It, something to shout About, The Heat is on, and Rhapsody in Blue

Hazel Scott was the first black person to have a TV show: The Hazel Scott Show

Hazel Scott was committed to civil rights. She kept full control of the optics of her Hollywood image from refusing 'singing maid’ parts to having 'final cut privileges.' She had full control of her wardrobe written into her contracts.

She would not play in segregated venues. After leaving such a venue in Austin, Texas she said" Why would anyone come to hear me, a Negro, and refuse to sit beside someone just like me?"

In Pasco Washington she sued a restraint for refusing her service. The victory of this lawsuit helped push through the Public Accommodations Act in 1953.

The McCarthy era ended her career in America when she volunteered to testify to the house Un- America Activities Committee. After her statements of supporting a city council member her T.V. show was cancelled.

Hazel Scott left the US in 1950's far Paris and did not return for 17 years

Hazel Scott performed all the way up to a few months before she died.

Resources

https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1981/10/04/hazel-scott-jazz-pianist-singer-dies/a6a2da7e-afc2-424c-af56-dac992e729e0/

https://www.npr.org/2011/06/10/137107329/hazel-scott-on-piano-jazz

https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/scott-hazel-1920-1981/

WIkipedia

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Bessie Coleman: Aviation History: Black History Month Feb 27, 2019

For the last week of Black History month 2019 I want to introduce on of my heroes: Bessie Coleman.

Bessie Coleman amazes me by her sheer energy and rufusal to let ANYTHING detour her dreams, even when they do not work out, even when every odd is against her, even when her plane crashes she takes it in stride and creates a new plan. Some of you know that I am disabled. Though flight is not my dream and the racial struggles and barrier Ms. Coleman had to reckon with are not mine I can recognize an uphill battle from my wheelchair when I see it. There is so much hope and inspiration to be taken from Bessie Coleman's story. I hope you find some of her courage, optimism, and bravery for your adventures!

Resources

Biography

National Aviation

PBS

Smithsonian

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Ida B Wells: Activist, Journalist, and Teacher: Black History Month Feb 09, 2019

Sources for Ida B Wells: Activist, Journalist, and Teacher: Black History Month

National Women's History Museum: https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/ida-b-wells-barnett

Biography: https://www.biography.com/people/ida-b-wells-952763

NY Times Overlooked Obituaries: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/obituaries/overlooked-ida-b-wells.html

PBS 13: https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_people_wells.html

Mississippi History Now: http://www.mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/articles/49/ida-b-wells-a-courageous-voice-for-civil-rights

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Robert Smalls The Slave Who Stole A Confederate Ship and Became a Senator: Black History Month: Feb 01, 2019

Robert Smalls was born a slave in South Carolina April 5, 1839

At 12 years old Robert Smalls’ owners rented him out to work in the town and on the water as a lamplighter, sailmaker, and sailor. This was where he learned the skills he would later use to make his daring escape and when he met his wife Hannah Smalls. At this time Union ships blockaded the South's harbors and Robert Smalls began to plan his and his young family’s escape.

May 13, 1862 Robert Smalls and a group of fellow slaves made their way to the harbor at dawn, and stole an ammunitions ship that Smalls had been conscripted to work on by the Confederacy called the Planter and picked up their family members at predetermined ports. Smalls took on the role of Captain responding with proper signals at 4 Confederate check points including Fort Sumpter. Once they were in Union waters Smalls hoisted the white flag and surrendered to the Union Fleet. Keep in mind Smalls did this at the middle of the civil war. A slave who stole a ship in heavily armed confederate waters and delivered 9 men , 5 women , and 3 children to freedom.

Congress gave Smalls $1,500 and he went on a speaking tour to recount his story and recruit freed blacks to serve in the Union army.

For the rest of the war Smalls sailed the Planter which the Union refurbished into troop transport. Smalls sailed for the Union where his knowledge of the South Carolina Seas Islands was invaluable for 17 of his military engagements.

Robert Smalls was a large factor in encouraging Lincoln to allow free black men to serve in the Union.

During the war Smalls turned his attention to politics. In 1864 he joined the free black delegates. In the same year Smalls was thrown off a street car in Philadelphia. Due to his Celebrity Smalls was able to lead a successful boycott of the

Philadelphia public transportation system. thanks to Smalls the city started integration in 1867-

At the end of the war Smalls had become successful as a Brigadier General. Smalls bought his former owner's home in South Carolina giving the impoverished family a generous price for the home. Smalls spent his time after the war improving on his education and opening a store and a school for black children.

Smalls ever started a newspaper called the Beaufort Southern Standard.

In 1868 Smalls ran for and won his term in the house of representatives. From 1870-1874 Robert Smalls served as a US. Senator.

In 1874 Mr. Smalls won a seat in Congress. His political career was not easy. In 1877 he was arrested and charged with taking a bribe. He only spent 3 days in jail but the experience defocused him from his political goals, especially with the political rise of the

red shirts. In 1879 Smalls was officially pardoned by the governor.

Sources: Word of advice: This is to the best of my abilities and has been reviewed for information meaning read first before letting children read links.

Which Slave Sailed Himself to Freedom PBS By Henry Louis Gates Jr

https://www.pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross/history/which-slave-sailed-himself-to-freedom/

https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/21764 https://www.biography.com/people/robert-smalls-9486288

“

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It’s A Dogs Life The Amazing Friendship and Life of Bummer and Lazarus Jan 14, 2019

This week we are are going back to the 1860’s to learn all about two dogs who ruled the city: Bummer and Lazarus. They were friends with the King of America (Emperor Norton) and with Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain). The city fell head over tails for these pups and they could do no wrong in the populations of San Francisco’s eyes.

One day outside of Martin’s Saloon a giant black and white Newfoundland appeared and quickly made himself very useful by tackling the saloons rat problem. The patrons gave this giant the name “Bummer” for his very dog like trait of bumming snacks off of anyone with food on their plate. They called him a “professional lunch eater”. A job both of my dogs aspire to.

Bummer was his own dog and patrolled San Francisco. One day while out on his usual wandering he came across two dogs in a fight. Bummer saved the day chasing away the dog who started the fight and tended to the other who was badly hurt. Bummer did not leave his new friend keeping him warm at night and bringing him scraps of food. Soon the dog made a full recovery earning his new name, “Lazarus’.

The dogs became a statewide sensation with everyone fascinated by their daily tales. This was right in the middle of the civil war and people were happy to have a few moments of happy with all of the frightening news. A reporter was a regular at Martin’s Saloon and began to publish Bummer and Lazarus’ antics. The best dog friends were happy to oblige their fans with their antics in many of the California newspapers. The papers portrayed the dogs as people with Bummer portrayed in the articles as a gentleman who was down on his luck. Lazarus however was cast as a sly yet not bright pup. Adding to their fame the cartoonist Edward Jump would draw the dogs in the company of Emperor Norton, the king of the United States (yes, we are VERY much going to do an episode on Emperor Norton).

The two friends even helped the SF police department with their jobs by helping capture a man the police were chasing, tripping the man enabling the police officer to make an arrest. They were even credited with stopping a runaway horse.

In 1862 San Francisco paid $2,000 for a fountain in Portsmouth Square ($49,749.11 in todays money according to the CPI inflation calculator). Though the puppy partners were not the only ones causing problems for this expensive and lovely fountain they were the only ones who insisted on using it as a bathtub everyday.

In 1862 trouble came and Lazarus was picked up by a new dog catcher who was not familiar with the celebrity of the friends. A mob of San Franciscans took to the street demanding the release of Lazarus. Within a day the city decided that Lazarus and Bummer should never be so inconvenienced again. A special rule was passed making Bummer and Lazarus officially San Francisco so they would never be picked up by the dog catcher again.

Sources *these sources are how I do my research. Some things are left out to make the stories appropriate please keep this in mind before clicking*

SF Gate: https://www.sfgate.com/local/article/1860s-sf-bummer-and-lazarus-legendary-dog-friends-12339100.php by Katie Dowd

"The Three Bummers". Tales from Colma. 1997. Retrieved 29 June 2007.

Mark Twain (8 November 1865). "Exit Bummer". Territorial Enterprise. Retrieved 29 June 2007.

Carr, Patricia E. (July 1975). "Emperor Norton I: The benevolent dictator beloved and honored by San Franciscans to this day". American History Illustrated. 10: 14–20. Retrieved 29 June 2007.

A Fond Look Back at Bummer and Lazarus Dogster

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Barnum’s American Museum Step Right Up See a Mermaid, A Whale, and See the Marvels of the World Dec 30, 2018

*Show Notes for Barnum’s American History Museum*

Barnum museum The Barnum Museum was arguably the wonder of the world in the 1800’s. If you watched /The Greatest Showman/ you can get the filmmaker’s idea of what the Barnum’s American Museum was like. Unfortunately, I feel like they really missed an opportunity, as wonderful as the Greatest Showman was it missed the live whale, the performing grizzly bears, and the Feejee Mermaid so step right up and be amazed we are going back to 1841 to the marvel of the world: Barnum's American Museum

*Barnum’s American Museum: The history of the museum itself*

PT. Barnum’s project before he made a name in the circus was in New York on the Corner of Broadway and Ann street.

In 1841 PT. Barnum bought Scudder's American Museum which began in 1781 and held general curiosities like: stuffed snakes, bison, and a forest scenes. If you listened to my episode on PT. Barnum you know he saw this as a jumping off point. He was also a bit sneak about how he went about getting the museum. Barnum arranged to become the manager of a competing museum called Peale’s Museum under the condition that Peale’s buys Scudder’s. He then went to Scudder’s on his own and negotiated if the deal with Peale’s museum fell through that Scudder’s would sell the museum to Barnum directly. Nice, no. But history does not exist to make us comfortable but to learn from.

The first thing he did to the 5 story building was to change The exterior into a lime lit advertisement (a 5 Story tall advertisement).

*Exhibits at Barnum’s American Museum*

The museum opened on January 1, 1842 as a combination zoo, museum, lecture hall, wax museum, theatre, and freak show. If you want to get a small idea of what this was think The World’s Fair in one five story building. Thanks to existing playbills and advertisements here is an incomplete list of the attractions of Barnum’s American Museum

• then were scientific instruments

• Exotic Fossils

• Relics of the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812

• Precious stones and coins

• Modern appliances

• Flea circus

• Loom powered by dogs

• Watch glass blowers

• Fortune Tellers

• Rifle range

*Pretty baby contests

• Ned the Learned Seal

• Feejee Mermaid video tried to be a little scary if you click the link but it is a really good history. (This was a plan. If Barnum put the implausible in his museum it lead people to question if any of his exhibits were real leading to more people coming to the museum to check it out and decide for themselves. P.T. Barnum uses this tactic MANY times in his various careers from museum to politician to the circus.)

*Cheng and Eng the Siamese Twins

• A live Beluga whale in an Aquarium

• Giants

• Native Americans who performer tradition songs and dances

• Grizzly Adams trained bears.

• The bearded Lady,Josephine Clofullia, whose bears grew in when she was 8 years old

• Adaptations of the bible and Uncle Tom’s Cabin

• General Tom Thumb

The Natural History part of the museum housed:

• taxidermy

• historical paintings

• taxidermy (stuffing dead exotic animals, keep in mind zoos were not in every city this might be the only way to see a lion or elephant)

• wax figures

• and in the theatre Shakespeare and lectures.

One of my favorite stories of the museum was that when Barnum realized people lingered too long at exhibits (making it hard to keep new people coming through) he put up signs saying “This Way To The Egress”. People thinking “egress” was a new and exciting exhibit quickly followed the signs only to find out “egress” was another word for exit.

At the height of its popularity Barnum's American Museum had 15,000 visitors a day paying 25 cents a ticket. That is 15,000 people a day when the population of the United States was under 32 million. Even the Prince of Wales took time from his schedule to visit.

*What Happened to Barnum’s American Museum*

If you have been looking at the dates you might just notice in the dates that all of this takes place during a very tumultuous time in the United States, The Civil War. In November 1844 The war came to Barnum, who was a public abolitionist, when the Confederate Army of Manhattan tried but failed to burn down the museum. As a fan of history and museums I wish I could say much was learned about fire safety in the year but unfortunately The museum burned down in July 13,1865. Barnum tried again opening Barnum's New Museum September 6, 1865 but that also burned March 3, 1868.

Never to be deterred Barnum used the last tragedy to step into politics and the circus industry.

I say a million times history does not exist to make us comfortable. There is a lot about P.T.Barnum and his life that is not comfortable and does not sounds good when we look at it from our time in history. So why would I talk about him? I just had a conversation with my son about this. There are people in history who have imaginations so big they reshape our reality and what is possible. PT. Barnum is on of those people.

Who from history can you think of who’s ideas reshaped our world?

What GIANT idea do you have that you think could make a big change in the world as we know it?

Comment below and I will read my favorites in the next episode.

Thank you so much to listening to I Can’t Believe That Happened a history podcast for kids. Please hit subscribe and share the podcast with friends and teachers. If you would like to do something really nice for the podcast head over to ITunes and leave a review. I Can’t Believe That Happened is a VERY new podcast so be one of the first to write a review. Unless I get sidetracked and we all know that is a VERY big possibility next week I am starting up the history of magic! Let me know if there is anything about the history of magic and magicians you might want me to cover. Remember to head over to the website and look at the show notes. I have a ton of links so you can see the history. Thank you so much and have a great week!

Research (Warning I have CURATED the podcast to be child friendly these articles are not proceed with caution and read first)

Eric D. Lehman in Becoming Tom Thumb .

The Daily Beast https://www.thedailybeast.com/before-his-circus-pt-barnum-opened-the-worlds-craziest-museum-in-nyc?ref=scroll

The Bowery Boys New York City History http://www.boweryboyshistory.com/2008/05/new-yorks-first-natural-history-museum.html

Lost Museum Archive https://lostmuseum.cuny.edu/archive/exhibit/baby/

The Shelf Harvard http://blogs.harvard.edu/preserving/2018/06/01/ned-and-fanny-the-learned-seals/

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The History of Tom Thumb Part II The Fairy Wedding A History Podcast for Kids Dec 13, 2018

The exciting conclusion to the story of Charles Stratton or as P.T. Barnum named him, Tom Thumb. In This episode you will learn about how he met his wife Lavinia Warren and all about their "Fairy Wedding".

Tune in next week for Lavinia Warren's Story from school teacher to star to entrepreneur.

Thank you so much for listening!

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Tom Thumb History of the Circus Dec 05, 2018

I cheated a little bit since Tom Thumb was a member of the tour and P.T. Barnum's American Museum but was not apart of an actual circus. Please forgive I could not resist doing an episode on Charles Stratton (General Tom Thumb). If you happen to have seen The Greatest Showman (As I have a dozen times) you might remember him. While I LOVE the movie the true story of General Tom Thumb is even more fantastical. Please tune in and hear about Tom's audience with the Queen and his play battle with her spaniel.

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The History of the Circus: History of Acrobats: History Podcast for Kids Nov 02, 2018

How did circuses begin? How did people decide to start flying through the air and swinging from the top of circus tents? Who started what we think of as a circus? Take a listen to our bite size history podcast fro kids and curious adults.

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Helen Keller Oct 17, 2018

Helen Keller

You might have heard her name before. I am relatively certain you have but I am guessing that you heard about her in the same way I was taught about Helen Keller, almost as an accessory to her teacher’s story. I am so excited to get to introduce all of you to a woman that until I began researching I only knew as a brave disabled woman who inspired by her willingness to learn. There is so much more!

Helen was born in 1880 in Alabama a very healthy little girl who even started speaking at six months old. When she was just under two years old an illness left her blind and deaf. The illness has not been identified except to call it brain fever.

Helen, against the popular idea that she lived in complete isolation, had a friend and brothers and sisters. She and the daughter of the family cook, Martha Washington, were playmates who developed a type of sign language when she was seven years old. The invented a language with around sixty signs.

It was not ideal though and Helen had become very difficult to be around. She would throw epic temper tantrums kicking, yelling, and raging. Many of the family’s friends and acquaintances believed that Helen should be placed in an institution for her and the family’s own good. Helen’s mother came across an article written by none other than Charles Dickens (we will have an episode on him I promise and near the Holidays please look up Neil Gaiman reading a Christmas Carol). The article mentioned a teacher by the name of who had had success teaching another deaf and blind child, Laura Bridgman. This here becomes a who is who of the time. Helen was referred to Alexander Graham Bell who was working with deaf children at the the time (yes, the inventor of the telephone). I promise you there will be much name dropping in this episode. Helen became great friends with many people you might recognize.

At the Perkins Institute for the Blind the director felt that one of the most recent graduates would be best for Helen, Anne Sullivan began her 49-year relationship as mentor and teacher to Hellen. The first word that Anne taught Helen to fingerspell was ‘doll’ so that Helen could understand the gift Anne brought her (Please check out the show notes for the attached fingerspelling chart and try to spell words out with your friends).

This was not an easy process, remember Helen was known for her wild tantrums. Anne insisted that she and Helen go somewhere isolated from others so that there could be complete focus and Anne could teach Helen finger spelling by making the shapes of the letters on Helen’s palm. This worked. Helen learned 30 words that day.

So most of this you probably knew or at least had an idea of but here is what you might not be aware of. Her temper showed her to be willful but willful means tenacious. She did not give up easily even when the struggle was long and hard. It took Helen twenty-five years to teach herself to speak so that others could understand her.

Helen had earned a reputation and had become somewhat famous. When she decided to attend college she became friends with a writer named Mark Twain (he wrote Huck Finn). A very wealthy oil executive was so moved by Helen that he agreed to pay for her entire education at Radcliff College where Helen attended with Anne by her side to interpret the lessons. Helen even wrote her autobiography called The Story of My Life with the help of John Macy )who would later marry Anne.

Helen, after college, became a very involved social activist. She gave lectures all over the East coast and worked tirelessly for those who were also disabled. Helen worked hard for women’s rights, women's suffrage, labor rights, socialism and pacifism (which means a nonviolent solution to every problem). Helen even testified before Congress for the welfare of blind people in the United States. In 1915 she worked with city planner George Kessler to create Helen Keller International. 1920 Helen helped found the ACLU.

During Helen’s formative years the press had been supportive and kind to her until her political beliefs wavered from the center line. Helen became attracted to socialism as a way for every American to have a level and fair ability to access food, education, housing, and healthcare. She became a member of A member of the Socialist Party of America and the Industrial Workers of the World

This was a time of the railroad and cotton barons who enjoyed tremendous wealth and her views on this system where states in the press to be from “mistakes sprung out of the manifest limitations of her development.”The Brooklyn Eagle. In other words, she was mistaken because she was blind though no one had made this claim before. Her response to the paper was, “At that time the compliments he paid me were so generous that I blush to remember them. But now that I have come out for socialism he reminds me and the public that I am blind and deaf and especially liable to error. I must have shrunk in intelligence during the years since I met him. ... Oh, ridiculous Brooklyn Eagle! Socially blind and deaf, it defends an intolerable system, a system that is the cause of much of the physical blindness and deafness which we are trying to prevent.”

Even though her views were thought to be so radical the Rockefeller owned press refused to print her articles she decided to fight for what she felt was right and publicly protested until the newspaper backed down and printed her articles.

Even into her old age, Helen continued to advocate for others. In 1946 she worked for American Foundation of Overseas Blind. For them, she traveled to 35 countries from 1946-1957. At 75 she did a 40,000 mile trip in Asia. During her life, she met every U.S. President from Grover Cleveland to Lyndon B. Johnson

I hope you see why Helen Keller is so important. She was more than an inspiring story and more than a student. She was handed a path in her life that many would have been just happy to have survived but with help and with her determination she lived a full life of travel, friends, and accomplishments that shaped the lives of everyone around her.

If you can head over to the website to see images of Helen Keller, her teachers, some more of her very famous friends (Charlie Chaplin), and take a look at how to do fingerspelling. My cousins and I spent an entire summer driving our parents nuts talking only in fingerspelling.

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Nellie Bly: Mental Health Crusader and Investigative Journalist Oct 10, 2018

There are some people who cannot abide cruelty or injustice in the world and will do literally anything to mange things right. At a time when women were struggling for basic rights Nellie Bly took her power which was her writing and journalism to take on institutions that housed those who were not mentally well.

“That such an institution could be mismanaged, and that cruelties could exist ‘neath its roof, I did not deem possible. I always had a desire to know asylum life more thoroughly–a desire to be convinced that the most helpless of God’s creatures, the insane, were cared for kindly and properly”

Excerpt From

The Collected Works of Nellie Bly (Annotated)

Nellie Bly

She was a writer at The New York World in 1887 and decided to have herself committed to Blackwell Island asylum so she, the 23 year old put on a disguise and called herself Nellie Moreno and pretended to be an immigrant. Nellie was one of the first to go undercover at the asylum so she could give a voice to those who did not have one. The article she wrote about her first hand experience printed as Behind Asylum Bars but more commonly known as called Ten Days in a Madhouse. It was tremendously popular and Nellie was released thanks to the newspaper attorney.

Based on her work the committee of appropriations provided 1 million dollars more to those with mental impairments in the 1880s.

After a month she returned to Blackwell with a Grand Jury panel. Much of what she saw that was awful had been corrected thanks to her shining a light on injustice. Food and sanitation had been made better and the meanest of the workers had been sent away.

I could do an entire season on Nellie and she will show up again for her jaunt around the world in 80 days but this story of a person who did not have the right to even vote or do much of anything without a guardians signature changed an entire institution with her bravery and her words.

Nellie lived from 1864 until 1922 and made her time her full of adventure and causes. Just reading her story has made my world feel a little brighter and more possible.

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Annie Oakley: The History of The Circus Sep 20, 2018

Welcome to this weeks I Can't Believe that Happened your history podcast for kids or curious grownups so I thought that we would start today with the more unusual circus act and unusual is just because it wasn't traditionally what you would think of when you're thinking of a circus act there were no elephants but that that doesn't make this woman any less impressive her name was Annie Oakley and she was born in 1860 and things did not start out easy for her.

Annie was born in Ohio and her father died when she was really young and she sent off to a farm when she with ten. Annie was treated really badly by the people who are taking care of her and she ran away and found her mother so she supported her family by going out and hunting and shooting game in the woods and selling the meat to a shopkeeper and she was an amazing shot. She was fantastic with a gun and her skills actually paid off the mortgage on her mother's house and she would enter shooting matches and toured as a champion.

This is part of her story is problematic for me I have I have a teenager and I have children. Annie went into a match and shot against a champion name Butler and At 15 she beat him in the competition and he fell in love with her and they got married the next year. I was struggling on whether I should include that part of this or not but it is part of history and that is what happened I don't feel terribly comfortable with that part of her story but history very rarely makes me comfortable.

Around 1882 is when Annie took the name Oakley and she join the vaudeville circuit which was known to be kind of a very low brow sort of entertainment but she really distinguished herself because she insisted on wearing more conservative costumes and at what are the events in St. Paul Minnesota and 1884 she attracted the attention of Sitting Bull who gave her the name t I am so sorry I am horrible pronunciation but translates to little sure shot and she rose through the show business ranks and joined the Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West Circus and 1885 where she stayed for 17 years.

We think of circus is as kind like a cool thing this show was so important and so exciting and it helped her become an absolute legend but she was also I will see you the whole United States and the world Annie Oakley with the Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West show with even taken to London in 1887 where she got to meet Queen Victoria who called her "a very clever a little girl." and she absolutely was the British invasion in reverse. Annie Oakley was all over the British papers.

Annie did leave the Wild West show for a few years because she had a real issue with a fellow sharpshooter at Lilian Smith and things got so bad that Oakley departed and left the show at the end of the London engagement and she returned to the stage and she also toured with a different wild West show. When Smith left the Buffalo Bill's show Annie rejoined them for another three-year tour of Europe that began in 1889 at the Paris Exposition.

You might remember at the beginning of this that Annie Oakley began life incredibly poor and had a very difficult childhood and she was known for being so against spending money that she would actually siphon off lemonade and carry it back to her own tent. She's known for saying things like" I've made a good deal of money and my time but I never believed in wasting a dollar of it." She was an incredible person for giving to charities they gave money to orphans and she was really fantastic she did earn more money than any performer in the show except for Cody.

Annie Oakley was actually known for doing things like shooting the cigarette out of her partner's mouth she is unparalleled in her marksmanship definitely worth a look over and amazing person.

Sometimes you might hear things about the newspapers and telling stories got it back in the early 1900s there was very little that stopped news reporters from saying whatever they really wanted to and I'm sure that's gonna be another episode to you because there's a lot of talk about that now. In 1910 a very famous newspaperman called William Randolph Hearst published a fake article claiming that she was in jail for stealing. This hurt Annie tremendously because her highest ambition was to be considered a lady and she did file a lawsuit against the newspaper for liable.

In 1913 she decides to retire and with her husband Butler that the man she had been married to for a very long time and they set up in Maryland and North Carolina. She would give hunting and shooting lessons to other women and performed at charity events. Entering into World War I Annie offered to raise up a group of amazing female sharpshooters but the government ignored her so instead she raise money for the Red Cross and by giving shooting demonstrations at army camps and all around the country. Annie died November 3, 1926, and I and her husband who she's been married to for 50 years passed away 18 days later.

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Clyde Beatty The Amazing Animal Trainer: History of The Circus A History Podcast For Kids and Curious Grown Ups Aug 06, 2018

Podcast for kids Perfect for Homeschool learn all about the history of the circus and one of the most famous lion tamers in history, Clyde Beatty

Clyde Beatty was born in 1903 in Bainbridge Ohio. He was so inspired after seeing his first circus he decided to start his own when he was 9 using his own pets as acts and neighbors as an audience. When Clyde was 17 he decided to move on from his backyard to a real circus. He began his animal training career with four polar bears. In his 20 is he become the youngest animal trainer. Clyde is famous for wearing the Safari style outfit with a pith helmet and carrying a whip and a chair into the ring with wild cats. In some acts he would have lions, tigers, cougars, and hyenas in the same act. Clyde appeared on television and radio crossing over from big top fame to silver screen notoriety. Clyde married an aerialist named Harriet Evans who trained by Clyde became an animal trainer for the circus as well. He was also famous for saying that big cats can only- be trained never tamed!

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The History of Carousels A For Kids Podcast May 25, 2018

Hello everyone and welcome to this week's I Can't Believe That Happened. Last week we wrapped up the history of dogs segment and if you haven't listened please go to Itunes and take a listen especially about the WWI pit bull hero Sgt. Stubby who saved his unit. I am sure I will do another segment on dogs. Please leave comments if you have a topic you would like me to cover. This month I have been really starting to feel like Summer is here and when I think about Summer I think carnivals and circuses. So until I start to get fussy we are going to be learning all about the histories of circuses and carnivals. Make sure you let your more wild friends know that the next episode will be.....lion tamers!

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5 things you didn't know about royal dogs — **5 Things You Didn't Know About Royal Dogs {For Kids Podcast}** May 04, 2018

Royal Dogs
Dogs have long been popular in Royal households even when they were not hunters or protector dogs have had a special place in royal homes. Here are the top 5 things you didn't know about Royal Dogs from history.'
I. In 1715 the Duchess d' Orleans reported
to a friend that her grandson the Duc de Charles was placed in a miniature triumphal car pulled by a large cat. A pigeon was a coachman and a favorite dog named Adrienne was seated with another dog named Picart was footman who was so well trained that Picart would let down the steps when it was time to get out of the carriage. On his off moments, Picart was often saddled to play horse for the royal dolls.
2. Dogs in Royal Houses often had jobs
In ancient China pugs were taught to hold candelas in their mouth to light the path, Poodles at Versailles were stylists who would hold a ladies train to keep it from getting dirty. You can see how important dogs were as best friends and entertainment of the royal children but did you know they saved lines? King Edward Vl was saved in. 1549 when his barking foiled a kidnapping plan.
3. Dog collars fit for the most discerning
of canines. In first Century AD, top dogs could expect intricate silver collars.
In the Renaissance, a royal hunter could look for a bejeweled collar while dogs meant for lap or sofa did not need anything but ornamentation. Louis Xl of France gave his greyhound, Choami a collar of scarlet velvet with 20 pearls and 11 rubies.
The Nawab of Junagadh ***Mahabat*** Khan Rasul Khan might be the most lavish for his good dogs, there were 150 of them. For his favorites, he gave diamond collars for their formal oil portraits. It pays to be a good dog.
4. Some dogs were able to help the staff
Mao Shih Tzu the dogs were fitted with collars covered in bells. Since the dogs were with the emperor the servants always knew where he was.
5. Not sure how to feel about this but
for a time dog earrings were all the rage. From the Medici s 1573-1627) to Spain
the trend remained until the late 18th century

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Pug in Tea Cup Illustration: Podcast For Kids — **5 Things You Didn't Know About Royal Dogs {For Kids Podcast}** May 04, 2018

Royal Dogs
Dogs have long been popular in Royal households even when they were not hunters or protector dogs have had a special place in royal homes. Here are the top 5 things you didn't know about Royal Dogs from history.'
I. In 1715 the Duchess d' Orleans reported
to a friend that her grandson the Duc de Charles was placed in a miniature triumphal car pulled by a large cat. A pigeon was a coachman and a favorite dog named Adrienne was seated with another dog named Picart was footman who was so well trained that Picart would let down the steps when it was time to get out of the carriage. On his off moments, Picart was often saddled to play horse for the royal dolls.
2. Dogs in Royal Houses often had jobs
In ancient China pugs were taught to hold candelas in their mouth to light the path, Poodles at Versailles were stylists who would hold a ladies train to keep it from getting dirty. You can see how important dogs were as best friends and entertainment of the royal children but did you know they saved lines? King Edward Vl was saved in. 1549 when his barking foiled a kidnapping plan.
3. Dog collars fit for the most discerning
of canines. In first Century AD, top dogs could expect intricate silver collars.
In the Renaissance, a royal hunter could look for a bejeweled collar while dogs meant for lap or sofa did not need anything but ornamentation. Louis Xl of France gave his greyhound, Choami a collar of scarlet velvet with 20 pearls and 11 rubies.
The Nawab of Junagadh ***Mahabat*** Khan Rasul Khan might be the most lavish for his good dogs, there were 150 of them. For his favorites, he gave diamond collars for their formal oil portraits. It pays to be a good dog.
4. Some dogs were able to help the staff
Mao Shih Tzu the dogs were fitted with collars covered in bells. Since the dogs were with the emperor the servants always knew where he was.
5. Not sure how to feel about this but
for a time dog earrings were all the rage. From the Medici s 1573-1627) to Spain
the trend remained until the late 18th century

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Buy Sgt. Stubby Notebook Royal Dogs: Penelope & Beatrice
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The Real Sgt. Stubby — **SGT Stubby The Ultimate Good Boy {For Kids Podcast}** Apr 20, 2018

Sgt Stubby (Now a movie: Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero)
1917 Private J. Robert Conroy found a brindle pup with a stubby tail which becomes the dog's name.
Stubby started his military career as the mascot for the 102nd Infantry 26 the Yankee Division.
Stubby was a quick study learning bugle calls, drills, and even found his own way to salute putting his right paw on his right eyebrow.
Even though animals were not allowed Private Conroy hid Stubby when they went to France on the SS. Minnesota. Like many things hidden Stubby was found and brought before the commanding officer where stubby promptly gave the Commanding officer the salute that would allow him to stay.
In February 1918 Stubby accompanied his troop to the front lines where Stubby suffered his first war injury: a poison gas attack. This is when Stubby not only survived but got his almost superpower of smelling even the tiniest bit of gas (ok. go ahead and giggle but this gets really good)
Early in the morning when everyone was sleeping there was a gas attack. Stubby raised the alarm saving many.
Stubby became a rescuer able to find wounded men by listening for English and bark until paramedics cane.
Stubby even captured a German spy. This raised the pup to the rank of Sergeant, the first dog to attain rank in the Us. Military.
After being wounded in a grenade attack Sgt. Stubby spent his time visiting other wounded military at the field hospital.
When the war was over stubby had been in 17 battles.
His retirement was no less impressive: he led the American troops in a review parade, visiting the White House meeting Woodrow Wilson, Harding, and Coolidge.
Stubby was decorated by General John Pershing the Commanding General of the United States Armies.
Stubby followed his dear friend J. Robert Conroy to his studies in law at Georgetown University where Stubby become their mascot.

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Sgt. Stubby Podcast For Kids — **SGT Stubby The Ultimate Good Boy {For Kids Podcast}** Apr 20, 2018

Sgt Stubby (Now a movie: Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero)
1917 Private J. Robert Conroy found a brindle pup with a stubby tail which becomes the dog's name.
Stubby started his military career as the mascot for the 102nd Infantry 26 the Yankee Division.
Stubby was a quick study learning bugle calls, drills, and even found his own way to salute putting his right paw on his right eyebrow.
Even though animals were not allowed Private Conroy hid Stubby when they went to France on the SS. Minnesota. Like many things hidden Stubby was found and brought before the commanding officer where stubby promptly gave the Commanding officer the salute that would allow him to stay.
In February 1918 Stubby accompanied his troop to the front lines where Stubby suffered his first war injury: a poison gas attack. This is when Stubby not only survived but got his almost superpower of smelling even the tiniest bit of gas (ok. go ahead and giggle but this gets really good)
Early in the morning when everyone was sleeping there was a gas attack. Stubby raised the alarm saving many.
Stubby became a rescuer able to find wounded men by listening for English and bark until paramedics cane.
Stubby even captured a German spy. This raised the pup to the rank of Sergeant, the first dog to attain rank in the Us. Military.
After being wounded in a grenade attack Sgt. Stubby spent his time visiting other wounded military at the field hospital.
When the war was over stubby had been in 17 battles.
His retirement was no less impressive: he led the American troops in a review parade, visiting the White House meeting Woodrow Wilson, Harding, and Coolidge.
Stubby was decorated by General John Pershing the Commanding General of the United States Armies.
Stubby followed his dear friend J. Robert Conroy to his studies in law at Georgetown University where Stubby become their mascot.

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Royal Dogs: Penelope & Beatrice
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**History Of Pugs A Snot Snorts Snores And Snuggles** Apr 13, 2018
Hello everyone and thank you so much for tuning in to this week I Can't Believe That Happened a podcast about history for kids. Today we are talking all about the crazy history of pugs from the Chinese Empire To Queen Victoria.
Pugs originated in China, dating back to the Han dynasty (B.C. 206 to A.D. 200). Some historians believe they are related to the Tibetan Mastiff. If you squint you can almost see it. These fuzzy friendly loaf of bread shaped pups were prized by the Emperors of China and lived in luxury accommodations, sometimes even being guarded by soldiers.
Pugs became favorites of royal households throughout Europe. In Holland, the Pug became the official dog of the House of Orange after a Pug, Pompey, reportedly saved the life of William, Prince of Orange, by warning him that the Spaniards were approaching in 1572. When William of Orange (later called William III) went to England in 1688 with his wife, Mary II, to take the throne from James II, they of course took their Pugs with them
via GIPHY
Marie Antoinette had a Pug named Mops before she married Louis XVI at the age of 15. When she came to France she did have to let Mops go back with her ladies though there is a lovely rumor that the two were eventually reunited. Marie Antoinette was famous for her love of dogs and kept many around her.
Another famous Frenchwoman, Josephine Bonaparte, had a Pug named Fortune. Before she married Napoleon Bonaparte, she was confined at Les Carmes prison. Fortune being the lone visitor would take messages out for her hidden in Fortune's collar. Fortune was not the largest fan of Napolean, biting him on the leg on his wedding day to Josephine. See how innocent they can look?
via GIPHY
Thanks to their increased popularity in the Victorian era, Queen Victoria was very fond of the breed, they became very pampered and popular in Victorian households. They were often painted, used in advertising, and placed on postcards. It became fashionable for their collars to bejeweled and/or a satin or silk bow. I think the unicorn hoodie is cuter. See, now don't you JUST HAVE TO HAVE those sunglasses?
via GIPHY
Royal Dogs: Penelope & Beatrice
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**Happy National Puppy Day {kid's podcast}** Mar 23, 2018
I am soooo close to launching my children's history podcast! I think next Friday will be the first episode all about the magical, royal, and oddly fierce history of the corgi! Make sure you tune in and sign up for the newsletter. If you would like to peek ahead you can buy my children's book on The History of Royal Dogs.
Royal Dogs: Penelope & Beatrice Owl & Twine
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**Magical and Royal Corgi Top 5 Things You Did Not Know{children’s podcast}** Mar 23, 2018
Don't Miss Another Moment Of Fun History Facts

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Hello everyone and welcome to the I Can't Believe That Happened a short podcast for kids on things that happened in history that your history teacher wouldn't believe. The podcast is going to be following the research I am doing for my children's book series Penelope & Beatrice so pick up a copy and learn even more about things like the history of magic, or when a polar bear use to swim in the Thames or the time there was A royal wedding for golden retrievers! Want to learn about something I haven't covered yet? Send me an email or join the Facebook Group, Don't forget to tell friends, families and your Facebook groups all about I can't Believe that Happened please share the episode and subscribe to the podcast and YouTube channel.
Buy Penelope & Beatrice Royal Dogs On Sale

Hi everyone I am so excited for the first episode of I Can't Believe That Happed. Today we get to talk about the history of the corgi. Have you seen a Corgi? lf you haven't, think of a normalish dog and then shrink only its' legs, add extra fluff, super big ears, and you've just about got it.
Here are the top 5 things you may not know about the corgi.
1. Corgis who are usually only 12 1/2 inches tall were used to herd cattle. Never let anyone tell you that small and fluffy can't be fierce. Corgies just happened to be the perfect height to nip at cows ankles.
2. Corgis are an ancient breed ever the name comes from Kergie which is ancient Celtic for dog. Historians believe that corgis came to Wales by the Celts 3,000 years ago.
3. You might know the Queen of England loves corgis but did
You know she has had 30 Corgis during her life starting with her first Corgi named... Dookie.
4. The corgi was considered an enchanted dog who acted as a horse for fairies and elves in the night. Imagine a corgi harnessed to a fairy carriage or a corgi as a noble stead ridden by a fairy into battle.
5. There are two distinct breeds of corgis the Pembroke and the Cardigan Welsh corgi. The Pembroke does not have a tail and the Cardigan washes have rounded ears. The Cardigans are the oldest breed and came from the same family tree as the dachshund The Pembroke welsh corgis are though to come from Flemish weavers who migrated Wales in 1107!
Thank you so much for listening this week. Tune in next week when I'll be talking about the history of the pug. If you find any of my facts wrong please KINDLY write a correction with your sources in the comments and you will receive a heartfelt thank you and credit on the next episode if you were able to out research me.
By Monica Michelle
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[FILM] 1001 Inventions and the Library of Secrets - starring Sir Ben Kingsley (English Version)

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Helen Keller

Helen was born in 1880 in Alabama a very healthy little girl who even started speaking at six months old. When she was just under two years old an illness left her blind and deaf. The illness has not been identified except to call it brain fever.

Helen, against the popular idea that she lived in complete isolation, had a friend and brothers and sisters. She and the daughter of the family cook, Martha Washington, were playmates who developed a type of sign language when she was seven years old. The invented a language with around sixty signs.

Even though her views were thought to be so radical the Rockefeller owned press refused to print her articles she decided to fight for what she felt was right and publicly protested until the newspaper backed down and printed her articles.

If you can head over to the website to see images of Helen Keller, her teachers, some more of her very famous friends (Charlie Chaplin), and take a look at how to do fingerspelling. My cousins and I spent an entire summer driving our parents nuts talking only in fingerspelling.

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Hi everyone I am so excited for the first episode of I Can't Believe That Happed. Today we get to talk about the history of the corgi. Have you seen a Corgi? lf you haven't, think of a normalish dog and then shrink only its' legs, add extra fluff, super big ears, and you've just about got it.

Here are the top 5 things you may not know about the corgi.

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I Can’t Believe That Happened History Podcast for Kids

What if I told you that some of his epic fantasy came from actual history?

Joseph and Étienne Montgolfier had spent the years earlier experimenting with hot air and in the beginning, laundry to develop their hot air balloon.

Take a listen and find out how we began flying.

Da Vinci Lions:

Hello everyone and this is our first week of robots the history! Robots, can you tell excited I am?

Welcome to I can't believe this happened. We are going to start with ancient Greece and we're going, to begin with, the robot Talos.

Links:

Do You Want To Contribute? Did you find the wrong fact? Do you have the right one? Would you like to let me know what skills you would give your room protection robot? Click here

visit www.owlandtwine.com to sign up for our newsletter and see the images discussed in the podcast.

Sources for Ida B Wells: Activist, Journalist, and Teacher: Black History Month

﻿Helen Keller

Helen was born in 1880 in Alabama a very healthy little girl who even started speaking at six months old. When she was just under two years old an illness left her blind and deaf. The illness has not been identified except to call it brain fever.

Even though her views were thought to be so radical the Rockefeller owned press refused to print her articles she decided to fight for what she felt was right and publicly protested until the newspaper backed down and printed her articles.

If you can head over to the website to see images of Helen Keller, her teachers, some more of her very famous friends (Charlie Chaplin), and take a look at how to do fingerspelling. My cousins and I spent an entire summer driving our parents nuts talking only in fingerspelling.

Don't Miss A Story, Sign Up Today For Updates

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Hi everyone I am so excited for the first episode of I Can't Believe That Happed. Today we get to talk about the history of the corgi. Have you seen a Corgi? lf you haven't, think of a normalish dog and then shrink only its' legs, add extra fluff, super big ears, and you've just about got it.

Here are the top 5 things you may not know about the corgi.

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Helen Keller