Have You Herd? AABP PodCasts

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Liver Abscesses in Feedlot Cattle with Dr. Eric Behlke Feb 08, 2021

Show notes

Join us today for a conversation about liver abscesses in fed cattle. Dr. Eric Behlke is a former AABP District 13 Director and a feedlot veterinarian from Okotoks, Alberta, Canada. Dr. Behlke discusses the pathogenesis of liver abscesses and the primary etiologic agents of the condition. A rule of thumb is that 10-20% of livers contain abscesses, but this incidence rate can vary greatly by lot, with some having condemnation rates of 70% or more. We also discuss the three grades of liver abscesses and what influences the incidence rate of this disease. Elanco has developed a “Liver Check Service” that has information on liver abscesses as well as pictures of the various classification system, which can be found at this link. Liver abscesses cause economic loss at the packer and producer level and veterinarians play a critical role in working with nutritionists to manage the incidence of the disease. Dr. Behlke discusses that although there are many prevention strategies, the most consistently effective and economic control measure is feeding tylosin throughout the feeding period. We discuss the potential impact that future FDA regulation might have on the use of this antimicrobial and AABP advocacy efforts for use of these safe and effective products.

Relevant publications:

1. Amachawadi RG, Nagaraja TG. Liver abscesses in cattle: A review of incidence in Holsteins and of bacteriology and vaccine approaches to control in feedlot cattle. J Anim Sci. 2016 Apr;94(4):1620-32. doi: 10.2527/jas.2015-0261. PMID: 27136021.

2. Müller HC, Van Bibber-Krueger CL, Ogunrinu OJ, Amachawadi RG, Scott HM, Drouillard JS. Effects of intermittent feeding of tylosin phosphate during the finishing period on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and incidence and severity of liver abscesses in steers. J Anim Sci. 2018 Jun 29;96(7):2877-2885. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky166. PMID: 29718254; PMCID: PMC6095443.

3. Weinroth MD, Martin JN, Doster E, Geornaras I, Parker JK, Carlson CR, Metcalf JL, Morley PS, Belk KE. Investigation of tylosin in feed of feedlot cattle and effects on liver abscess prevalence, and fecal and soil microbiomes and resistomes1. J Anim Sci. 2019 Nov 4;97(11):4567-4578. doi: 10.1093/jas/skz306. PMID: 31563955; PMCID: PMC6827412.

Have You Herd? of Bovine Congestive Heart Failure Feb 01, 2021

Show notes

In this episode, Dr. Fred Gingrich welcomes guest Dr. Brian Vander Ley to discuss the “new brisket disease”. This syndrome is coined “Bovine Congestive Heart Failure” or BCHF. Dr. Vander Ley discusses the history of this disease, clinical signs, and post-mortem findings. He also discusses the genetic risk factors that have been identified in a controlled-pair study. There have been 21 SNPS identified as significantly associated with BCHF and two that were most significant. These genetic markers are more common in British breeds, especially black and red Angus cattle. Dr. Vander Ley also discusses that genetic risk does not equal disease and future research will be needed to identify environmental, nutritional and other management factors that might increase risk of developing BCHF.

Relevant publications:

1. Neary JM, Booker CW, Wildman BK, Morley PS. Right-Sided Congestive Heart Failure in North American Feedlot Cattle. J Vet Intern Med. 2016 Jan-Feb;30(1):326-34. doi: 10.1111/jvim.13789. Epub 2015 Nov 8. PMID: 26547263; PMCID: PMC4913666.

2. Heaton MP, Bassett AS, Whitman KJ, Krafsur GM, Lee SI, Carlson JM, Clark HJ, Smith HR, Pelster MC, Basnayake V, Grotelueschen DM, Vander Ley BL. Evaluation of EPAS1 variants for association with bovine congestive heart failure. F1000Res. 2019 Jul 25;8:1189. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.19951.1. PMID: 31543958; PMCID: PMC6733380.

3. Moxley RA, Smith DR, Grotelueschen DM, Edwards T, Steffen DJ. Investigation of congestive heart failure in beef cattle in a feedyard at a moderate altitude in western Nebraska. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2019 Jul;31(4):509-522. doi: 10.1177/1040638719855108. Epub 2019 Jun 6. PMID: 31170901; PMCID: PMC6857034.

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Bovine Practice Jan 25, 2021

Show notes

The American Association of Bovine Practitioners is an international association of veterinarians serving society as leaders in cattle health, welfare, and productivity. We welcome and support any veterinarian or veterinary student, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, sexual orientation or any other demographic, to participate in all opportunities that our organization provides. As leaders in the cattle industry, we encourage all veterinarians with an interest in cattle to join us and participate in our organization.
In this episode, Dr. Fred Gingrich, AABP Executive Director is joined by Dr. Liz Brock, AABP board member representing District 1 and Dr. Franco Leal, an AABP member who is an assistant professor of Veterinary Clinical Sciences from Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine. The topic of this podcast is diversity, equity and inclusion in bovine practice. Today we talk about having uncomfortable conversations to address this issue to move our organization and veterinary medicine forward. Our guests discuss their experiences with discrimination in bovine practice and how we can address these issues. We also discuss how our organization, and veterinary medicine, can attract those who are under-represented demographics in bovine practice to join us and become cattle veterinarians and why that diversity is important to our industry and our organization.

We also encourage members who have experienced discrimination or the feelings of exclusion to share those experiences on our Humans of AABP Facebook stories. Members can send us their story anonymously if desired. Contact fred@aabp.org or ehbrock27@gmail.com for more information. By sharing our stories, we can uplift each other and recognize our individual biases so that we can promote diversity, equity and inclusion in our organization.

Antimicrobial Use Data Collection and Reporting – Part 3 Jan 18, 2021

Show notes

This episode is the third and final in a series of Have You Herd? podcasts discussing the publication in Zoonoses and Public Health published in November 2020. We are joined by lead author, Dr. Katie Hope, along with co-authors Dr. Mike Apley and Dr. Nora Schrag. In this episode, we discuss the findings of the beef feedyard study. Dr. Hope discusses the reporting results from the records systems they evaluated. We discuss how drug selection can affect use amounts due to milligram differences in products, as well as how regimen stacking can affect reporting. Dr. Apley reviews how lot size, placement weight and days on feed affects regimens/animal year and mg/kg of live weight sold, which is important to consider when comparing use data from different yards and lots. We also discuss the final paper in the publication which compared survey results with records data and explain the correlation between the two methods of reporting.

You can find the publication at this link.

Antimicrobial Use Data Collection and Reporting – Part 2 Jan 11, 2021

Show notes

This episode is the second in a series of Have You Herd? podcasts discussing the publication in Zoonoses and Public Health published in November 2020. We are joined by lead author, Dr. Nora Schrag, along with co-authors Dr. Mike Apley and Dr. Sandra Godden. We continue to discuss the antimicrobial use quantification in dairy cows and dive deeper into the descriptions of the Standard Regimens as well as the metrics used. We discuss the three use categories described in the paper which are clinical mastitis, dry cow therapy, and other treatment. The authors discuss the differences in reporting use by regimens/cow year and grams/cow year. We also discuss non-disease factors that influence use measures. Veterinarians can play a key role on farms by identifying and describing cases, treatment protocols, and evaluating antimicrobial stewardship on their client’s farms.

You can find the publication at this link.

Antimicrobial Use Data Collection and Reporting – Part 1 Jan 04, 2021

Show notes

This episode is the first in a series of Have You Herd? podcasts discussing the publication in Zoonoses and Public Health published in November 2020. We are joined by Dr. Mike Apley to discuss this project that looked at possibilities of how we might collect antimicrobial use data. This project was a collaboration between the researchers, FDA and USDA. We discuss the nuances and pitfalls of the FDA sales and distribution data and how use data can be a valuable tool for monitoring antimicrobial stewardship, however there are nuances with various use reporting metrics. Dr. Apley describes that all use reporting metrics have nuances and flaws. Quantifying the disease events that result in antimicrobial use is important in an overall stewardship program. He discusses the Standardized Regimen format that was developed to describe antimicrobial use in this paper.

You can find the publication at this link.

The latest FDA Sales and Distribution report covering FY2019 is available at this link.

Herd Check by IJB Dec 31, 2020

Show notes

Happy New Year to all of the hard working cattle veterinarians!

4th Annual AABP Recent Veterinary Graduate Conference Dec 28, 2020

Show notes

The Recent Grad Program Committee joins us today to talk about the upcoming 4th AABP Recent Veterinary Graduate Conference which will take place February 12-13, 2021 in St. Louis, Missouri. The program committee consists of chair Dr. Aaron Pospisil, dairy coordinator Dr. Blaine Melody, cow-calf coordinator Dr. Lesley Moser, and feedlot coordinator Dr. Julia Herman. The theme of the conference is based on resiliency. Dr. Pospisil discusses that getting together with your peers, especially after the isolation we have all faced over the past year, is important to share stories and support one another. The conference will provide 15.5 hours of CE that is submitted for RACE approval and the CE certificate will be available for both in-person and virtual attendees. In addition, there are three pre-conference seminar offerings that will provide 8 hours of CE for those attending in-person. The registration fee is kept lower than our annual conference and is $300. Hotel rooms at the St. Louis Hyatt at the Arch are contracted at just $99 per night. New this year we will have a trade show at the conference as well as a virtual trade show.

The schedule can be viewed here. You can register for in-person (2013-2020 grad) or virtual attendance (all AABP members) by clicking this link. Information about pre-conference seminars can be found here. Hotel reservations can be made by clicking this link to receive the $99 rate.

Removing the stigma of mental illness in the veterinary profession Dec 21, 2020

Show notes

In this episode, Mr. Josh Tanguay, a clinical psychologist and licensed therapist who is married to an AABP member, discusses mental illness. We are all aware that veterinarians suffer increased rates of mental illness. Clinical depression and anxiety are mental illnesses and society has stigmatized those suffering from mental illness. Josh discusses signs of mental illness as well as methods to reach out to colleagues or clients that need help. He suggests when you reach out to help, come from a genuine place of concern, describe what you are observing with factual information, and use “I statements” and not “you statements” which can be accusatory. Be a supportive facilitator to refer colleagues to a mental health professional and be prepared with resources, which can include online telehealth therapy. We also discuss training members of your veterinary team in Mental Health First Aid which can be found at this link. View the presentation from the AABP conference in the BCI CE portal if you are an AABP member and find the proceedings paper at this link. AABP members can remove the stigma of mental illness in our profession, reach out to colleagues who are in need of help, and promote the resources that are available to assist them.

Have You Herd of the Feed Saved Trait? Dec 14, 2020

Show notes

In this episode, Dr. Fred Gingrich discusses the Feed Saved trait with Dr. Kent Weigel. Dr. Weigel has been involved with genomic research in cattle and discusses the research on this newly identified genetic prediction. Feed Saved looks at a cow’s maintenance cost and her residual feed intake (RFI). RFI predicts if a cow is consuming more that her body weight and milk production predict. This trait has economic implications to predict a more feed-efficient cow, as well as environmental sustainability implications. The heritability of the trait is 15%, which is lower than milk and growth heritability but higher than health and fertility traits. Dr. Weigel explains that the current dataset involves 6000 Holstein cows, therefore reliability is low, however future research will hopefully improve the reliability as well as allow for the trait to be studied in other breeds of dairy cattle, as well as beef cattle and other food animal species.

For information about the release of new genomic evaluations in cattle and other genomic information, visit the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding website.

Relevant publications:

Li B, Fang L, Null DJ, Hutchison JL, Connor EE, VanRaden PM, VandeHaar MJ, Tempelman RJ, Weigel KA, Cole JB. High-density genome-wide association study for residual feed intake in Holstein dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 2019 Dec;102(12):11067-11080. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-16645. Epub 2019 Sep 25. PMID: 31563317.

Li B, VanRaden PM, Guduk E, O'Connell JR, Null DJ, Connor EE, VandeHaar MJ, Tempelman RJ, Weigel KA, Cole JB. Genomic prediction of residual feed intake in US Holstein dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 2020 Mar;103(3):2477-2486. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-17332. Epub 2020 Jan 15. PMID: 31954583.

Lu Y, Vandehaar MJ, Spurlock DM, Weigel KA, Armentano LE, Connor EE, Coffey M, Veerkamp RF, de Haas Y, Staples CR, Wang Z, Hanigan MD, Tempelman RJ. Genome-wide association analyses based on a multiple-trait approach for modeling feed efficiency. J Dairy Sci. 2018 Apr;101(4):3140-3154. doi: 10.3168/jds.2017-13364. Epub 2018 Feb 1. PMID: 29395135.

Hardie LC, VandeHaar MJ, Tempelman RJ, Weigel KA, Armentano LE, Wiggans GR, Veerkamp RF, de Haas Y, Coffey MP, Connor EE, Hanigan MD, Staples C, Wang Z, Dekkers JCM, Spurlock DM. The genetic and biological basis of feed efficiency in mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2017 Nov;100(11):9061-9075. doi: 10.3168/jds.2017-12604. Epub 2017 Aug 23. PMID: 28843688.

Pryce JE, Wales WJ, de Haas Y, Veerkamp RF, Hayes BJ. Genomic selection for feed efficiency in dairy cattle. Animal. 2014 Jan;8(1):1-10. doi: 10.1017/S1751731113001687. Epub 2013 Oct 16. PMID: 24128704.

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