Stay ConnectedA geriatrics and palliative medicine podcast for every health care professional.
Two UCSF doctors, Eric Widera and Alex Smith, invite the brightest minds in geriatrics, hospice, and palliative care to talk about the topics that you care most about, ranging from recently published research in the field to controversies that keep us up at night. You’ll laugh, learn, and maybe sing along.
CME and MOC credit available (AMA PRA Category 1 credits) at www.geripal.org
Copyright: © 2020 GeriPal. All rights reserved.
A recent study by Vince Mor published in JAMA Oncology found that veterans with advanced lung cancer treated in Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers with high hospice use were more likely to receive concurrent cancer care and also less likely to receive aggressive care. On top of that, veterans treated at facilities with high levels of hospice use also incurred lower costs of care. This is a strong case for the concept of concurrent care in which individuals can avoid the "terrible choice" between hospice and life prolonging therapies. On this weeks podcast, we interview the lead author, Vince Mor, about this study and whether concurrent care is ready for prime time outside of a integrated health care system like the VA. We also put a plug in the end for the NIA Imbedded Pragmatic AD/ADRD Clinical Trials (IMPACT) Collaboratory that Vince is helping to lead. If you want to learn more about the collaborators, please check out our GeriPal website at https://geripal.org for links to this and other info. by: Eric Widera
Do you remember the scene from the movie The Graduate where Ben's dad says, "One word: Plastics"? Well, I write this blog post from the National Palliative Care Research Center's annual Foley retreat, a who's who of palliative care researchers. The words on everyone's lips: "Lay Health Navigators." This is not to draw equivalency between environmentally destructive materials and people who help those with serious illness and caregivers navigate our complex health care system. Rather, it's to point out that revolutions occur in palliative care research just as they do in business. In this week's podcast, we talk with Kate Possin, PhD and Sarah Dulaney, RN CNS of UCSF about the Care Ecosystem project. In this remarkable study, published in JAMA Internal Medicine, lay health workers helped caregivers of persons with dementia navigate the health care system by providing support, education, and care coordination with dementia specialists. The intervention was mainly by telephone, with about 1 phone call per month. Results were remarkable, including improved quality of life for persons with dementia, reduced emergency department visits, and reduced caregiver depression and burden. As Nick Dionne-Odom pointed out yesterday, "Caregiving in dementia is a monumental task. There is tremendous room for improvement." Listen or read on for more! Also - be sure to check out the outstanding Care Ecosystem website: https://memory.ucsf.edu/research-trials/professional/care-ecosystem. The training materials are all FREE to use! by: @AlexSmithMD
Before we get into this week's topic, would you please take 1 MINUTE to complete this GeriPal survey! It will really help us out. We swear, only 1 minute! Click the link below to access the survey (or copy and paste in your browser). Thank you! GERIPAL SURVEY https://ucsf.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_esS7pUAOgSIbNGZ Now on to this week's topic... Alex: What do you get when you mix a doctor and an architect? Eric: An Archidoc? Alex: No a Dochitect. What do you get when you mix a gerontologist with an architect? Eric: A gerontolitect? Alex: No an environmental gerontologist. OK, so we didn't have that EXACT conversation on this podcast, but something close to it. There is a growing recognition that many of the settings where older adults receive healthcare are not designed to meet the needs of older adults. The early part of this movement resulted in the Americans with Disabilities Act, which mandated such things as accessibility for persons with wheelchairs. But it so much more than that. The architecture of health care buildings can actually impair the health of older adults or people living with serious illness - think lack of windows, rooms designed around beds, and placement close to noisy workspaces. Can you say delirium??? Re-designed spaces also have the potential to improve outcomes for older adults and people with serious illness. Further, redesigned spaces can improve quality of life for healthcare providers, and those benefits may be passed on to our patients. To discuss these fascinating issues we talked with Dochitect Diana Anderson, MD, M. Arch (UCSF geriatrics fellow) and Emi Kiyota, PhD, environmental gerontologist. Click here (http://www.dochitect.com/) to learn more about Diana and links to her publications, and here (https://ibasho.org/) to learn more about Emi and her website Ibasho, Japanese for "a place where one can feel at home and be oneself." Enjoy! by: @AlexSmithMD
What happens in Long Term Acute Care Hospitals, or LTACs (pronounced L-tacs)? I've never been in one. I've sent patients to them - usually patients with long ICU stays, chronically critically ill, with a gastric feeding tube and a trach for ventilator support. For those patients, the goals (usually as articulated by the family) are based on a hope for recovery of function and a return home. And yet we learn some surprising things from Anil Makam, Assistant Professor of Medicine at UCSF. In his JAGS study of about 14,000 patients admitted to LTACs, the average patient spent two thirds of his or her remaining life in an institutional settings (including hospitals, LTACs and skilled nursing facilities). One third died in an LTAC, never returning home. So you would think with this population of older people with serious illness and a shorter prognosis than many cancers, we would have robust geriatrics and palliative care in LTACs? Right? Wrong. 3% were seen by a geriatrician during their LTAC stay, and 1% by a palliative care clinician. Ouch. Plenty of room for more research and improvement. Read or listen for more! See also this nice write up by Paula Span in the New York Times, and this prior study on geographic variation in LTAC also by Anil. Please also note that our 100th podcast approaches! Please call 929-GERI-PAL to let us know what is working and what can be better about GeriPal. You might make it on the air! by: Alex Smith @AlexSmithMD
Ok, I'll admit it. When I hear the phrase "the biology of aging" I'm mentally preparing myself to only understand about 5% of what the presenter is going to talk about (that's on a good day). While I have words like telomeres, sirtuins, or senolytics memorized for the boards, I've never been able to see how this applies to my clinical practice as it always feels so theoretical. Well, today that changed for me thanks to our podcast interview with John Newman, a "geroscientist" and geriatrician here at UCSF and at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging. In this podcast, John breaks down what geroscience is and how it impacts how we think about many age-related conditions and diseases. For example, rather than thinking about multimorbidity as the random collection of multiple different clinical problems, we can see it as an expression of the fundamental mechanisms of aging. This means, that rather than treating individuals diseases, targeting aging pathways may be a better way to prevent or ameliorate multimorbidity. We talk with John about this, and current trials underway to test this hypothesis, along with so much more! If you're interested in taking a deeper dive in the subject, take a look at these papers that John co-authored: - From discoveries in ageing research to therapeutics for healthy ageing. Nature 2019 - Creating the Next Generation of Translational Geroscientists. JAGS 2019 by: Eric Widera (@ewidera) Note: To view the YouTube version, links to the research papers, and/or the transcript for this episode, please visit our GeriPal website at: https://www.geripal.org/2019/10/geroscience-and-its-impact-on-human.html
Joanne Lynn, a geriatrician and palliative care physician who leads Altarum's work on eldercare, wrote a recent JAGS editorial titled The "Fierce Urgency of Now": Geriatrics Professionals Speaking up for Older Adult Care in the United States" which is very much a call to action for those who care for older adults. We talk with Joanne about this article and some meaningful things clinicians in both geriatrics and palliative care can do to be advocates for a growing population of older adults. One way I would like to plug to better advocate for our patients is through our national societies. To learn more what both AAHPM and AGS are doing to improve care for older adults and those with serious illness, and to learn how you can help lead change, check out the following links: - AAHPM's advocacy page - http://aahpm.org/advocacy/overview - AGS's Health in Aging Advocacy Center - http://cqrcengage.com/geriatrics/ So check out the podcast and pick one thing that you can do to better advocate for older adults or those living with serious illness. Eric (@ewidera)
You're the attending physician on a teaching service. Your resident says we shouldn't order a CT because CT's are over-used for this condition, and represent overuse, waste, and low-value care. In this case, however, you suspect that's not the resident's real reason. The real reason behind the resident's decision is that they are serial minimizers - residents who make little of potentially important findings. You feel they might be hiding their minimizing behind the sexy, trendy notion of providing "high value care." Does this sound familiar to you? It did to me. I've been in the awkward situation of being the consulting palliative care physician saying to the primary team, I know they have cancer and that's the most likely explanation for this abdominal pain. I also worry that this pain is out of proportion and different from other pain I've seen, and I think it should be evaluated with further testing. Kind of strange to say that as the palliative care doctor. Kind of strange as well to hear that perspective exposed by Chris Moriates and Vinny Arora, who spend most of their academic careers fighting against wasteful low-value tests and treatments (they run a non-profit called Costs of Care). To be sure, they note this problem is not as great as overuse of consultants, tests, and treatment. The challenge, as Stephanie Rogers our guest host (and guest fiddle player!) points out, is coming up with the right words to teach "right sizing" care to the patient in front of us. And what are the root causes of minimizing? Blame the house staff would be the easy way out, but Chris and Vinny don't take that road. Read more about their thoughts in this article in the Journal of Hospital Medicine and listen to or read our podcast! -Alex @AlexSmithMD Note: For links to referenced articles as well as a transcript of this episode, please visit our blog page at geripal.org/2019/09/hiding-behind-high-value-care-podcast.html
On this weeks podcast, we talk with Krista Harrison about the life of individuals living with moderate dementia, as well as what we know about their caregivers. Krista is is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Geriatrics at UCSF, a social scientist, and something that we learned in this podcast, someone who knows a thing or two about singing opera. Krista recently published a JAGS paper titled "Care Settings and Clinical Characteristics of Older Adults with Moderately Severe Dementia." In this paper, which we discuss in the podcast, she gives us a snapshot of older adults in the United States who have experienced the onset of moderately severe dementia within the past year. We learn that 2/3'rds of these individuals are living in the community. Interestingly, older adults living at home were 2 to 5 times more likely to be members of disadvantaged populations and had more medical needs. In the podcast we discuss some potential reasons why this may be the case, along with what role geriatricians and palliative care doctors can play in the care of these individuals. So take a listen and let us know what you think. Also, take a peek at Joanne Lynn's editorial on Krista's paper, which includes a suggestion to create a default path similar to how obstetrics works. Eric (@ewidera)
In this week's podcast we talk with Lew Cohen, MD, about his new book "A Dignified Ending: Taking Control Over How We Die." Eric and I approached reading this book with trepidation. We feared it would be a polemic defending physician aid in dying. It is not. Dr. Cohen does not hide his beliefs and opinions. He also does not shy away from the complexity of the issue - he interviews leading disability rights activists and challenges leaders of the aid in dying movement. His book is filled with stories of the people and family, doctors and activist who have defined this movement. As Eric says, he takes the controversy meter up to 11 with notions of approving aid in dying and euthanasia for progressive neurological conditions such as dementia (with thoughtful safeguards). We challenge Lew, somewhat forcefully at times. Personally, I disagree with many of his stances (as you will hear/read), but I can respect how thoughtfully he's gone about putting together his study of the issue. As Dr. Cohen notes, no issue seems to activate the strong emotion centers of our brain like aid in dying. In this time of extreme polarization, it's critical that we engage in thoughtful and respectful communication about aid in dying. - Alex Smith, MD
In this week's GeriPal podcast we talk with Stacy Fischer, MD and Regina Fink, RN, PhD, both from the University of Colorado, about a lay health navigator intervention to improve advance care planning with Latinos with advanced cancer. The issue of lay health navigators raises several issues that we discuss, including: - What is a lay health navigator? - What do they do? How are they trained? - What do lay health navigators offer that specialized palliative care doesn't? Are they replacing us? - What makes the health navigator intervention particularly appropriate for Latinos and rural individuals? For advance care planning? Eric and I had fun singing in French (yes French, not Spanish, listen to the podcast to learn why). Enjoy! Alex Smith, MD
Our TOPPODCAST Picks 
