Daf Yomi for Women - Hadran

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Eruvin 12 - August 21, Rosh Chodesh Elul, 1 Elul Aug 21, 2020

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Today's daf is dedicated by David Freudenstein in honor of Dr. Anna Urowitz-Freudenstein - "From your loving husband and children, on the occasion of your upcoming birthday, and in appreciation of the Simcha Shel Mitzva of learning and teaching Torah which you bring to all of us and to your many students."

Rabbi Eliezer requires 2 posts - does that also include a crossbeam? How does one allow carrying in a courtyard if the wall is breached? Does one need one board or two? Is there a minimum measurement required for the board? Is there a difference between a post and a beam in terms of the way they "correct" an alley - does the post "create" a wall and a beam is a noticeable marker? Is an alley whose width is equal to (or greater than) its length treated like a courtyard?

Eruvin 11 - August 20, 30 Av, Rosh Chodesh Elul 1 Aug 20, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 11

Today's daf is sponsored Chanah and Michael Piotrkowski in honor of Azi and Reva Esensten (and siblings Margolit, Zev and Betzalel, and their parents) for the beautiful handmade card and for giving us tzedakah so we'd travel safely to Israel when we made Aliyah on the 27th of Av. Come be with us soon! Love, Chanah and Michael.

The exceptions to the rule of a decorative element if the alley is too high, and a form of a doorway if it is too wide, would they each work to resolve the other issue (doorway for height, decorative for width)? Rav had an alternate version of the mishna in which is said that a form of a doorway does not resolve an opening of more than 10 cubits. Rav Yosef derived from there a halacha regarding a courtyard with a wall mostly open with windows and doorframes - that Rav would also not permit that. But the gemara rejects his comparison. The gemara suggests that Rabbi Yochanan agrees with Rav by bringing a debate between him and Reish Lakish regarding a vine draped on beams to serve as a barrier for mixing crops. Rabbi Yochanan distinguished there between laws for crops and laws of Shabbat. However, the gemara rejects the comparison as it is not clear it is referring to the same situation (the vine case could be that they were attached in the middle of the beams and not at the top). The gemara brings a contradiction to Rabbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish's positions in this case to their positions in a similar case. The gemara resolves the contradiction. The gemara brings several halachot regarding the form of a doorway that can be used. Rav Hisda says it cannot be used if the beam it attached in the middle of the pole. Reish Lakish says it needs a pivot hole - for a hinge. Rav Nachman says the beam does not need to be attached to the posts - just above it and Rav Sheshet requires they be touching. A case happened in the alley of the Exilarch where they held like Rav Nachman and Rav Sheshet asked his attendant to take it down. The attendant was thrown into jail by the Exilarch's men and Rav Sheshet had to bail him out. Later, Raba bar Shmuel explained to Rav Sheshet that his opinion was wrong from a debate regarding an arched doorway and in which cases it is obligated in mezuza. Beit Shamai and Beit Hillel debate how an alley can be fixed - it is enough to put a beam or post or does one need both? Rabbi Eliezer things one needs two posts. Rabbi Yishmael and Rabbi Akiva debate in which cases do Beit Shamai and Beit Hillel argue? Is it at any width or only from 4-10 cubits? How many walls make a space considered a private domain according to Beit Shamai and Beit Hillel and is it different to forbid carrying into their from a public domain and to permit carrying inside?

Eruvin 10 - August 19, 29 Av Aug 19, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 10

Today's daf is sponsored by Rebecca Schwarzmer In memory of Toby Schwarzmer, Toibe Gittel bat Moshe Tzvi Hirsch z"l. Her love of Torah was evident in the way she lived her life, her career as an educator, her welcoming kiruv and her loving compassion. I was a granddaughter, not just by marriage, but in her heart. And by Onnie and Andy Schiffmiller in memory of Andy's father, Tzvi ben Moshe Zeev and Frieda z"l.

The gemara brings a question from a braita regarding the mishna about the small and large courtyards that put the measurements of each at 10 and 11 cubits. If that number was given, that would raise a question against the opinion that a post viewed from the outside but not the inside would work. The gemara explains why this would not work with that approach. In any case the gemara holds by that approach that it would work as a post even if not noticeable to the people inside the alley. In the mishna, it was stated that if the entrance to the alley is wider than 10, one needs to make the entrance smaller. Just as Rabbi Yehuda disagrees regarding the maximum height, does he disagree about this. If so, what is his limit? Can it be derived from laws about the barriers made around wells that are limited to 13 and a third? According to tanna kama, how does one fix a 20 cubit opening - is it enough to put up a beam in the center or is a proper a wall needed that juts into the alley by 4 cubits or goes along the opening of the alley to make the area smaller? Rav Yehuda gave an example of a 15 cubit space - one can add a wall of 3 and leave 2 cubits open at the end. This works because if the standing part is greater than the opening, we view it as if it were a solid wall. The gemara tries to make assumptions about how this principle would work if there were two beams together that covered a together greater amount of space than one opening - would that work? Can one assume it wouldn't since Rav Yehuda didn't bring that case? Several details regarding this principle are attempted to be derived from here but in the end are rejected. The gemara brings the case of a leather toilet cover regarding impurity as the hole is included in the measurement. Rav Dimi and Ravin debate the exact size of the solid sides and of the hole - do they debate in what cases two solid parts can override something empty as discussed above in the alley?

Eruvin 9 - August 18, 28 Av Aug 18, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 9

Today's daf is dedicated by Yael Asher in memory of her father, Elchanan Yosipuf ben Yeshua z"l on his yahrzeit.

If a peg was hung on the outside of the alley and the beam attached to that, would it work? Does it depend on what one holds regarding the way the beam functions as an imaginary wall - if we view it as if the outer edge comes down or the inner edge? Rava thinks that either way it is a problem. Rava's opinion is questioned from a braita which discusses a beam that is drawn away or suspended. In order to resolve it, the gemara brings different explanations for the case in the braita. Is the space between posts permitted? Rabbi Zakai brought a braita which said both under the beam and between the posts is allowed and Rabbi Yochanan told him it was a problematic braita. Rava and Abaye disagree over which part of the braita Rabbi Yochanan thought was incorrect. Each brings a source to prove their position. Rava is questioned by another source and two potential answers are brought. If the post can be seen from the outside but not the inside, is it valid? Different answers are brought. One is questioned by the mishna regarding a smaller courtyard open into a larger one. And the gemara explains the case slightly differently in order to resolve the question.

Eruvin 8 - August 17, 27 Av Aug 17, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 8

Today's daf is dedicated by Becky Fryant in memory of her mother, Faina Fraynt z"l on her yahrzeit. She was a great teacher and supporter of women's learning. May her memory be for blessing.

Before they concluded that Rav Yehuda in the case of an alley that opened to a backyard did not disagree with Rav in the case of an alley that opened into a courtyard, there was an assumption that they disagreed. According to that original understanding, what was the debate between them in the case where an eruv was made and what was the disagreement in a case where there was no eruv? Is the case where the alley opens to a backyard which leads to the public domain, only permitted if the entrances to the public domain are not directly opposite each other? Does it matter is the alley opens into the middle of the backyard or can it open to its side? Does it matter if it is a backyard owned by an individual or by a few people? Where are there other cases where this distinction is made between private and multiple owners? The gemara asks why Rav taught the case about the alley opening into a courtyard where the courtyard members can carry within the courtyard, isn't that an explicit mishna where a small courtyard opens into a larger one. And even if one can distinguish between the cases, there is a Tosefta that also says the same thing even when many people use the courtyard to get from place to place? An alley designed with multiple exits, how does one fix it? If one wall juts out farther than the other, where does one place the beam? Can one use the space under the beam? There is a debate and the gemara brings three possible explanations of the debate between them. By the posts, no one disagrees.

Eruvin 7 - August 16, 26 Av Aug 16, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 7

In a crooked alleyway in Nehardea, they ruled stringently like Rav that it was considered an open alleyway and stringently like Shmuel that an open alleyway requires a door on one side and a post or beam on the other. Is one allowed to rule stringently like two different opinions? The gemara questions this from a braita in which it says that one who holds like stringencies of Beit Hillel and Beit Shamai is a "fool who walks in the dark." There is a further issue with the braita itself as it says that the halacha is like Beit Hillel, yet if one wants to, one can follow Beit Shamai. The gemara brings answers to both their questions. Rav Yosef brings two halachot regarding cases of an alleyway opened on both sides - one relating to what it is open to and the other about a case where the alleyway opens to a backyard and the backyard is open. The first halacha was stated in the name of Ravi Yehuda in the name of Rav and the second was stated in the name of Rav Yehuda, but it is unclear if it was learned from Rav or not. Abaye suggests that it seems to contradict what Rav says in a similar case where the alleyway opens up to a courtyard, however the gemara suggests that one could distinguish between the two cases as people don't generally leave their houses through the backyard. And the issue is not connected to the alleyway being considered open on both sides, but has to do with whether or not the people in the courtyard joined the eruv.

Eruvin 6 - Shabbat August 15, 25 Av Aug 14, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 6

Today's daf is dedicated by Alexis Rosoff Treeby in honor of the yahrzeit of Jennifer Rosoff, Malka Menucha bat Meir v'Esther Chaya z"l. And by Beth Fox in memory of her father Edward Fox, Ezra Chaim ben Zev v'Slova z"l on his shloshim. "A kind, wonderful man who always encouraged me in my learning. I miss him very much."

If there is a breach in a wall of a mavoi, does it prevent one from using a korah or lechi to allow carrying the mavoi? At what size is it a problem and does it matter where the breach is? There are different types of alley - ones that are opened on both sizes (opposite sides) to the public domain (mavoi mefulash), ones that are only open on one side (mavoi satum) and ones that are "crooked" L-shaped, open on two sides but not opposite sides (mavoi akum). What are the laws for allowing carrying in each type of alley/mavoi? Can one accept stringencies of two different approaches? According to a braita, this is considered a bad practice.

Eruvin 5 - August 14, 24 Av Aug 14, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 5

Today's daf is dedicated by Sara Berelowitz in memory of her mother Kila bat Yehuda z"l on her yartzeit. She would have been delighted to know that her daughter is learning the daf.

If the beam is higher than 20 cubits, by how much does one need to lower it? The gemara tries to understand what exactly the question is. Rav Yosef and Abaye each have their own opinion and the gemara tries to explain the debate between them. Four different answers are brought. The same question is asked regarding a case where the beam is lower than ten handbreadths - how far into the mavoi does the floor need to be lowered. Rav Yosef and Abaye also have a debate regarding this matter. Abaye brings two proofs for his position and Rav Yosef explains those sources according to his view. Rav Huna describes a case where the entrance to the mavoi has a partial wall jutting out - does one still need to put up a lechi there? It depends on the size of the wall. In the case that one would put up a lechi, where should it be placed? Rav Huna the son of Rav Yehoshua narrows the case of Rav Huna and doesn't require a lechi if the wall covers more than 50% of the opening as it can be derived from laws of courtyards by a kal vachomer. Some question whether this kal vachomer is valid, perhaps laws of mavoi are more stringent than courtyards?

Eruvin 4 - August 13, 23 Av Aug 13, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 4

Today's daf is dedicated by Dina Hirshfeld-Becker on her father's second yahrzeit, Alan Hirshfeld, Asher Tuvia ben Shlomo v'Chana z"l. And by Michael Radwin in honor of Ariella Radwin in celebration of their 20th wedding anniversary. And by Yael and Jon Cohen in honor of their son Eddie who drafted yesterday. May Hashem protect you as you do the work that enables our country to be free. עלה והצלח!

The gemara brings a tannatic source to question Abaye's understanding of Rav Nachman regarding the size of a cubit (5 or 6 handbreadths). The gemara resolves the issue. The requisite amount, mechitza (separations) and chatzitza (one cannot be purified by a mikveh if there is a separation between the water and one's body) are all oral traditions passed down from Moshe at Sinai. The gemara questions each - aren't they mentioned in the Torah? The gemara explains what is meant by each term in order to answer the question.

Eruvin 3 - Wednesday August 12, 22 Av Aug 11, 2020

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Study Guide Eruvin 3

Today's daf is sponsored by Debby & Howard Jacoby Ruben in honor of our wise mothers, aunts, sisters, and daughters from whom we have learned so much. And by Joyce Bendavid in honor of Gail Stechler and Dena Levie for spearheading the Teaneck Hadran group. It was an honor to celebrate the Siyum for Masechet Shabbat with them. And by Tamar Wenocur-Hartmayer, to my chevrutah, Jeremy Rudoler, in honor of our siyum of Masechet Chagiga on Sunday. Mazal tov on starting graduate school this fall! Delaware is lucky to have you.

If Rav thought that the height was derived from the sanctuary, why aren't other details like those of the sanctuary? The gemara explains that the height was really for it to be noticeable and therefore why was this needed to be stated both by Sukka and by mavoi? What if the beam was partially within 20 cubits and partially above 20 cubits? What was the size of a cubit - 5 handbreaths or 6?

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