Stay ConnectedHuman factors is a critical topic within the world of SCUBA diving, scientific diving, military diving, and commercial diving. This podcast is a mixture of interviews and ‘shorts’ which are audio versions of the weekly blog from The Human Diver.
Each month we will look to have at least one interview and one case study discussion where we look at an event in detail and how human factors and non-technical skills contributed (or prevented) it from happening in the manner it did.
Copyright: © 2023 (c) The Human Diver 2023
This week's podcast episode dives into the lessons learned from a recent holiday focused on diving. Jenny, typically more inclined towards activity than relaxation, decided to undertake a diving course during her vacation. Beyond the initial goal of learning, the experience brought a profound realization about the challenges of being a beginner. This insight connects to a historical event where miscommunication due to "the Curse of Knowledge" led to disastrous consequences in the Crimean War. Drawing parallels, Jenny reflects on how experienced divers often overlook gaps in knowledge when teaching novices, emphasizing the importance of empathy and open communication in such scenarios. The podcast also touches on personal diving experiences that underscored the significance of understanding different conditions and team dynamics in ensuring safety and enjoyment underwater. For more details on the course and further insights, head to the Human Factors in Diving Facebook group!
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/the-curse-of-knowledge
Links: Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/184882365201810
Tags: English, Cognitive Biases, Jenny Lord, Leadership
In this episode, we explore the phenomenon of being distracted by familiarity, commonly known as autopilot, and its implications for safety, particularly in diving and driving contexts. We discuss how familiar actions operate at a skill-based level, where errors are often slips or lapses, and contrast them with rule-based and knowledge-based decision-making. Drawing from examples in driving and diving, we examine how distractions can lead to critical errors even when operating on autopilot. We delve into the challenges of avoiding slips and lapses and emphasize the importance of safeguards such as buddy checks and checklists to mitigate risks. Join us as we unravel the intricacies of navigating autopilot behavior and becoming more aware to enhance safety in everyday activities.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/familiarity-as-distraction-operating-on-autopilot
Links: Example of people on autopilot (video, contains swearing): https://www.facebook.com/reel/1126486911851456
Original paper: https://www.facebook.com/reel/1126486911851456
Tags: English, Decision Making, Decision-Making, Human Performance, Incident Analysis, Jenny Lord
In this podcast episode, we dive into the subtle balance between efficiency and complacency in dive briefings and procedures. Drawing from personal experiences and conversations with fellow divers, we explore how familiarity with diving environments and buddies can lead to abbreviated briefings and overlooked safety protocols. Is it complacency or efficiency when briefings get shorter? The answer often depends on the outcome of the dive. We examine the natural human inclination to streamline processes and the potential risks of assuming familiarity with procedures. Reflecting on the importance of honest communication, regular evaluations, and psychological safety within dive teams, we challenge listeners to reconsider their own diving practices and embrace opportunities for improvement.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/complacency-and-efficiency
Links: Blog about the Efficiency-Thouroughness Trade Off: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/price-vs-quality-the-efficiency-thoroughness-trade-off
Tags:
English, Complacency, ETTO, Jenny Lord
In this episode, we delve into the world of distractions and procrastination, exploring how they impact tasks, especially in critical situations like planning dives or navigating wrecks. From the allure of smartphones to unexpected interruptions, distractions can lead to increased stress and errors. Multi-tasking, often seen as efficient, can actually hinder complex tasks, as seen in a diving scenario where a simple conversation led to a crucial mistake. We discuss strategies to combat distractions, like blocking out noise or setting boundaries, but acknowledge the challenge of unexpected interruptions. Drawing from experiences in teaching and diving, we highlight the importance of teamwork and clear communication in managing distractions and ensuring task completion.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/3
Links:
Dug the dog from Disney’s “Up”: https://youtu.be/Q8FWzLMobx0
A study on the effects of distraction: https://ics.uci.edu/~gmark/chi08-mark.pdf
Multi tasking: https://ics.uci.edu/~gmark/CHI2005.pdf
Tags:
English, Jenny Lord, Performance Shaping Factors, Teamwork
In this podcast episode, we debunk common misconceptions about Human Factors, shedding light on its complexity and importance. Contrary to the belief that Human Factors is just common sense, it's an evidence-based practice that delves deeper into understanding human behavior and system design. While technical skills are crucial, Human Factors emphasizes non-technical skills like decision-making and communication to prevent errors. It's not solely about personal limitations but involves training and learning from mistakes. Additionally, Human Factors considers cultural and organizational influences on behavior. Addressing the misconception around Just Culture, it's about learning from mistakes while sometimes assigning blame when necessary. Emphasizing the role of change and learning, Human Factors seeks continuous improvement, making it easier to do the right thing in various aspects of life.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/5-common-misconseptions-about-human-factors
Links:
Blog about common sense:https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/common-sense
What we mean by a Just Culture: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/a-just-culture-is-not-a-just-do-it-culture
How learning reviews are different to traditional investigations: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/learning-reviews-in-diving
Why this is important: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/human-factors-in-diving-what-it-is-what-it-isn-t-why-you-need-to-know
Tags:
English, Human Factors, Jenny Lord
In this episode, we explore the often overlooked gap between how work is envisioned and how it actually gets done. Imagine crafting the perfect set of procedures for a job, only to face the realities of limited resources, budget constraints, and differing perspectives from those actually performing the tasks. This misalignment between "Work as Imagined" and "Work as Done" can lead to various outcomes, from compliant but flawed execution to outright disregard for standards. We delve into the complexities of why this misalignment occurs, from misunderstandings to deliberate acts of defiance or circumvention. By understanding the truth of "Work as Done," we can identify areas for improvement and bridge the gap between expectation and reality. Join the conversation on our Facebook group to share your insights and experiences in navigating these challenges.
Original blog:
https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/Work-as-Imagined-vs-Work-as-Done
Links:
The difference between the standards as written and what happens: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/analyzing-the-hidden-consequences-of-undermining-diving-standards
Diagram of overlapping circles: https://humanisticsystems.com/2016/12/05/the-varieties-of-human-work/%E2%80%9C
Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/184882365201810/
Further reading: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/what-does-human-factors-in-diving-mean
https://humanisticsystems.com/2016/12/05/the-varieties-of-human-work/
https://psychsafety.co.uk/psychological-safety-work-as-imagined-vs-work-as-done/
Tags:
English, Jenny Lord, Rules
The podcast delves into the issue of ignoring diving standards, highlighting the potential consequences and influencing behaviors within the industry. Despite the prerequisite for Rescue Diver certification before starting Divemaster training, some i
nstructors overlook this standard for various reasons, from ignorance to time pressure or complacency. Direct consequences include students being inadequately prepared and potentially posing a danger to themselves and others, while influencing behaviors perpetuates a culture of shortcuts and compromises safety. The authority gradient between instructors and students means that instructors' actions significantly impact students' perceptions of importance and acceptable behavior. This influence extends throughout the diving community, emphasizing the need for adherence to standards to ensure safety and integrity within the industry.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/analyzing-the-hidden-consequences-of-undermining-diving-standards
Links: Work as Imagined vs Work as Done https://www.rcog.org.uk/about-us/quality-improvement-clinical-audit-and-research-projects/each-baby-counts-learn-support/safety-thinking-toolkit/work-as-imagined-versus-work-as-done/
Giving yourself permission to do it again: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/normalisation-of-deviance-not-about-rule-breaking
Tags: English, Authority Gradient, Decision Making, Jenny Lord, Leadership
The allure of SCUBA diving offers unparalleled opportunities for underwater exploration but also comes with inherent risks that demand respect and understanding. This podcast, summarizing a conversation between industry experts, delves into the critical aspects of risk management and incident reporting in diving. Understanding the risks, the role of equipment in safety, learning from experience, psychological preparedness, and the importance of community are all explored in depth. Each dive presents unique challenges, requiring thorough planning, adaptability, and a keen understanding of the underwater environment. By sharing experiences and fostering a culture of safety, divers can collectively enhance their awareness and practices, ensuring safer and more enjoyable experiences beneath the waves. Safety in diving is a continuous journey, requiring a holistic approach that considers people, equipment, processes, culture, and the environment, with each dive serving as an opportunity for learning and growth.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/risk-management-podcast-review
Links: Podcast: https://www.buzzsprout.com/2191453/14228917
2nd Podcast with Gareth: https://www.buzzsprout.com/2191453/14507924-interview-with-gareth-lock
DEBrIEF model: https://www.thehumandiver.com/debrief
Tags:
English, Gareth Lock, Just Culture, Psychological Safety, Risk Management
In this podcast episode, we delve into the psychological impact of diving incidents, particularly focusing on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the diving community. While physical injuries from diving accidents are well-documented, psychological trauma often goes unnoticed and untreated. Research suggests that a significant portion of divers experience psychological effects even a year after an incident, affecting their overall well-being and decisions regarding future diving. However, the prevalence of PTSD in diving remains unclear due to limited reporting and awareness. Trauma related to diving accidents can have long-lasting consequences, affecting divers' mental health, social functioning, and their ability to cope with stress during subsequent dives. Despite the lack of formal diagnosis, unresolved trauma can lead to avoidance behaviors, anxiety, and even substance abuse. Addressing psychological well-being in diving is crucial for creating a safer and more supportive diving environment. Divers should be aware of the potential for psychological issues after an incident and know where to seek help. By prioritizing psychological support alongside physical safety measures, we can foster a culture of resilience and empowerment within the diving community.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/psychological-consequences-of-a-diving-accident
Links: Fit to dive
Reakcje psychologiczne i nurkowanie, opis terapii
The psychological impact of accidents on recreational divers: A prospective study
RISK OF SLEEP DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS: A NATIONWIDE, POPULATION-BASED STUDY IN TAIWAN -
- Psychiatria Danubina, 2019; Vol. 31, No. 2, pp 172-181 https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2019.172
A twelve-year longitudinal study of neuropsychological function in non-saturation professional divers
Tags:
English, Andrzej Górnicki, Diving Psychology, Incident Analysis, Jenny Lord, Performance Shaping Factors, Psychological Safety, PTSD
In this podcast episode, we explore who should be driving change in the diving industry, drawing inspiration from quotes by George Bernard Shaw and Albert Einstein emphasizing the necessity of change for progress. While top-down leadership models are common, with executives setting the culture and direction, it's argued that true change often stems from the middle, where individuals are most affected. With millions of divers worldwide, those employed in diving, including instructors and professionals, hold significant influence and can champion higher standards and improved teaching methodologies. By advocating for better quality instruction and embracing current best practices, the industry can address issues like declining numbers and quality, ultimately fostering a safer and more satisfying experience for all divers. Encouraging discussions, teaching effective communication, and prioritizing skills training in buoyancy control can shape a positive culture shift that permeates through agencies and influences industry-wide change. As individuals in the middle, listeners are encouraged to envision the culture they desire and actively contribute to driving positive change within the diving community.
Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/who-is-responsible-for-change
Tags: English, Jenny Lord, Leadership
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