Clinical Liver Disease

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Molecular epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma - Yujin Hoshida – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

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Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most rapidly increasing cause of cancer mortality with poor prognosis in the United States. Molecular biomarkers are emerging as a way to enable effective, personalized patient management with limited medical resources. Dr. Hoshida reviews molecular risk factors of HCC development, molecular subclasses of aggressive HCC tumor, and the need for clinical translation of molecular indicators of HCC risk.

Novel local therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma - Eleni Liapi and Jean-Francois H. Geschwind – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

Drs. Liapi and Geschwind present an overview of some novel local therapies for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that have been introduced recently to the medical community or are currently under preclinical and initial clinical testing..

Current issues and future trends in surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma - Robert S. Rahimi, Adam C. Yopp and Amit G. Singal – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

Prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma depends on tumor stage at diagnosis, with curative options only available for patients diagnosed at an early stage. Drs. Rahimi, Yopp, and Singal review the best available evidence supporting HCC surveillance and discuss future trends in surveillance..

Radiological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma - Mark W. Russo and Christoph Wald – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

In many circumstances, the specificity of imaging characteristics may be sufficient to establish a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Drs. Russo and Wald review when imaging alone is adequate for diagnosing HCC and when biopsy is needed.

Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: Indications and role - Adam C. Yopp and Amit G. Singal – Article Reading. Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

The use of laparoscopic techniques in the treatment of cancer has grown in acceptance over the last decade, as the initial concerns of comprising oncological principles and port-site metastases in laparoscopic resections have largely proven unfounded. However, the use of laparoscopic techniques in liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma has not been fully embraced.

Approach to the diagnosis of portal hypertension - Christopher Koh and Theo Heller Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

Portal hypertension and its related consequences are the leading causes of illness and death in patients with advanced liver disease. Drs. Koh and Heller provide an overview of the approach to the diagnosis of portal hypertension and address its underlying pathophysiological and etiological features.

Screening for esophageal varices - Sara Lemoinne and Dominique Thabut – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

Despite a major improvement in its management over the past 2 decades, the rupture of esophageal varices (EVs) remains a common and severe complication of cirrhosis with a mortality rate still reaching 20%. Screening for EVs is crucial because it provides the ability to reduce the risk of a first bleeding episode. Drs. Lemoinne and Thabut discuss the who, when, and how of EV screening.

Portal hypertension in children - Simon C. Ling – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

Many liver and vascular diseases cause portal hypertension in children, which may give rise to severe and life-threatening complications, including hemorrhaging from esophageal varices, ascites, hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, and hepatic encephalopathy. Dr. Ling addresses current strategies for effective prevention and management of portal hypertension and its complications in children, while making the case that there is a pressing need for high-quality, multicenter and international pediatric studies to advance the clinical care provided to affected pediatric patients.

Secondary prophylaxis in patients who have experienced portal hypertensive bleeding - Carlo Merkel and Sara Montagnese – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

The prevention of rebleeding is a cornerstone of the management of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Listen to Drs. Merkel and Montagnese review the recommendations from the AASLD guidelines and other studies addressing the pharmacological, endoscropic, and interventional treatments available.

Management of an acute variceal bleeding episode - Enric Reverter and Juan Carlos García-Pagán – Article Reading Jul 07, 2013

Show notes

Acute variceal bleeding is a severe complication of portal hypertension and causes 70% of all upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes in patients with liver cirrhosis. Drs. Reverter and García-Pagán address general management and hemostatic treatments, including vasoactive therapy, endoscopic therapy, and rescue therapies

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