Brief History of Wars

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USA's War on Immigration Feb 19, 2021

The history of immigration to the United States details the movement of people to the United States starting with the first European settlements from around 1600. Beginning around this time, British and other Europeans settled primarily on the east coast. Later Africans were imported as slaves. The United States experienced successive waves of immigration, particularly from Europe. Immigrants sometimes paid the cost of transoceanic transportation by becoming indentured servants after their arrival in the New World. Later, immigration rules became more restrictive; the ending of numerical restrictions occurred in 1965. Recently, cheap air travel has increased immigration from Asia and Latin America.
Attitudes towards new immigrants have cycled between favorable and hostile since the 1790s. Leading to Trump, The Wall and Mexico
The Brief History Podcast, given you history behind the headline, under a hour. Perfect for the commute to work or on you lunch break or in your precious free time.
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Host and Author - Andrew Knight @ajknight31
Producer and Composer - Harry Edmondson
Resources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_immigrati…
Barkan, Elliott Robert. And Still They Come: Immigrants and American Society, 1920 to the 1990s (1996), by leading historian
Barkan, Elliott Robert, ed. A Nation of Peoples: A Sourcebook on America's Multicultural Heritage (1999), 600 pp; essays by scholars on 27 groups
Barone, Michael. The New Americans: How the Melting Pot Can Work Again (2006)
Bayor, Ronald H., ed. The Oxford Handbook of American Immigration and Ethnicity (2015)
Bodnar, John. The Transplanted: A History of Immigrants in Urban America (1985)
Dassanowsky, Robert, and Jeffrey Lehman, eds. Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America (2nd ed. 3 vol 2000), anthropological approach to 150 culture groups; 1974 pp
Gjerde, Jon, ed. Major Problems in American Immigration and Ethnic History (1998) primary sources and excerpts from scholars.
Levinson, David and Melvin Ember, eds. American Immigrant Cultures 2 vol (1997) covers all major and minor groups
Meier, Matt S. and Gutierrez, Margo, eds. The Mexican American Experience: An Encyclopedia (2003) (ISBN 0-313-31643-0)
Steidl, Annemarie et al. From a Multiethnic Empire to a Nation of Nations: Austro-Hungarian Migrants in the US, 1870–1940 (Innsbruck: Studien Verlag, 2017). 354 pp.
Thernstrom, Stephan, ed. Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups (1980) (ISBN 0-674-37512-2), the standard reference, covering all major groups and most minor groups online
Yans-McLaughlin, Virginia ed. Immigration Reconsidered: History, Sociology, and Politics (1990)
Recent migrations
Borjas, George J. "Does Immigration Grease the Wheels of the Labor Market?" Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2001
Hernández, Kelly Lytle. "The Crimes and Consequences of Illegal Immigration: A Cross-Border Examination of Operation Wetback, 1943 to 1954," Western Historical Quarterly, 37 (Winter 2006), 421–44.
Kemp, Paul. Goodbye Canada? (2003), from Canada to U.S.
Khadria, Binod. The Migration of Knowledge Workers: Second-Generation Effects of India's Brain Drain, (2000)
Mullan, Fitzhugh. "The Metrics of the Physician Brain Drain." New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 353:1810–18 October 27, 2005 Number 17
Odem, Mary and William Brown. Living Across Borders: Guatemala Migrants in the U.S. South Southern Spaces, 2011.
Palmer, Ransford W. In Search of a Better Life: Perspectives on Migration from the Caribbean Praeger, 1990.
Skeldon, Ronald, and Wang Gungwu; Reluctant Exiles? Migration from Hong Kong and the New Overseas Chinese 1994.

Palestine - Israel Conflict Feb 19, 2021

Ethnic Cleansing, Genocide or War Crimes committed by both sides.? All discussed in this episode.
The Israeli–Palestinian conflict (Hebrew: הסכסוך הישראלי-פלסטיני‎, translit. Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'Yisraeli-Falestini; Arabic: النزاع-الفلسطيني الإسرائيلي‎, translit. al-Niza'a al-Filastini-al-Israili) is the ongoing struggle between Israelis and Palestinians that began in the mid-20th century.[3] The origins to the conflict can be traced back to Jewish immigration, and sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine between Jews and Arabs.[4] It has been referred to as the world's "most intractable conflict", with the ongoing Israeli occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip reaching 51 years.[5][6][7]
Despite a long-term peace process and the general reconciliation of Israel with Egypt and Jordan, Israelis and Palestinians have failed to reach a final peace agreement. The key issues are: mutual recognition, borders, security, water rights, control of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements,[8] Palestinian freedom of movement,[9] and Palestinian right of return. The violence of the conflict, in a region rich in sites of historic, cultural and religious interest worldwide, has been the object of numerous international conferences dealing with historic rights, security issues and human rights, and has been a factor hampering tourism in and general access to areas that are hotly contested.[10]
Many attempts have been made to broker a two-state solution, involving the creation of an independent Palestinian state alongside the State of Israel (after Israel's establishment in 1948). In 2007, the majority of both Israelis and Palestinians, according to a number of polls, preferred the two-state solution over any other solution as a means of resolving the conflict.[11] Moreover, a majority of Jews see the Palestinians' demand for an independent state as just, and thinks Israel can agree to the establishment of such a state.[12] The majority of Palestinians and Israelis in the West Bank and Gaza Strip have expressed a preference for a two-state solution.[13][14][unreliable source?] Mutual distrust and significant disagreements are deep over basic issues, as is the reciprocal scepticism about the other side's commitment to upholding obligations in an eventual agreement.[15]
Within Israeli and Palestinian society, the conflict generates a wide variety of views and opinions. This highlights the deep divisions which exist not only between Israelis and Palestinians, but also within each society. A hallmark of the conflict has been the level of violence witnessed for virtually its entire duration. Fighting has been conducted by regular armies, paramilitary groups, terror cells, and individuals. Casualties have not been restricted to the military, with a large number of fatalities in civilian population on both sides. There are prominent international actors involved in the conflict.
The two parties engaged in direct negotiation are the Israeli government, currently led by Benjamin Netanyahu, and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), currently headed by Mahmoud Abbas. The official negotiations are mediated by an international contingent known as the Quartet on the Middle East (the Quartet) represented by a special envoy, that consists of the United States, Russia, the European Union, and the United Nations. The Arab League is another important actor, which has proposed an alternative peace plan. Egypt, a founding member of the Arab League, has historically been a key participant. Jordan, having relinquished its claim to the West Bank in 1988 and holding a special role in the Muslim Holy shrines in Jerusalem, has also been a key participant.

Indian Mutiny Part 2 Feb 19, 2021

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region.
The rebellion posed a considerable threat to Company power in that region, and was contained only with the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858. The rebellion is also known as the India's First War of Independence, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Mutiny, the Revolt of 1857, the Uprising of 1857, the Sepoy Rebellion, and the Sepoy Mutiny. The Mutiny was a result of various grievances. However the flashpoint was reached when the soldiers were asked to bite off the paper cartridges for their rifles which were greased with animal fat namely beef and pork. This was, and is, against the religious beliefs of Hindus and Muslims. Other regions of Company-controlled India – such as Bengal, the Bombay Presidency, and the Madras Presidency remained largely calm.
In Punjab, the Sikh princes backed the Company by providing soldiers and support. The large princely states of Hyderabad, Mysore, Travancore, and Kashmir, as well as the smaller ones of Rajputana, did not join the rebellion. In some regions, such as Oudh, the rebellion took on the attributes of a patriotic revolt against European presence. Maratha leaders, such as the Lakshmibai, the Rani of Jhansi, became folk heroes in the nationalist movement in India half a century later; however, they themselves "generated no coherent ideology" for a new order.
qaThe rebellion led to the dissolution of the East India Company in 1858. It also led the British to reorganize the army, the financial system and the administration in India. India was thereafter directly governed by the crown as the new British Raj.
The podcast is under an hour, brief but informative and the history hit you are looking for.
Please review! Follow us and like on socials:
Twitter @bhistorypodcast
https://www.facebook.com/pg/bhistorypodcast/about/
Narrator and Author - Andrew Knight @ajknight31
Producer and Composer - Harry Edmondson
Resourses
https://itunes.apple.com/lu/book/indian-mutiny-bri…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_…
Alavi, Seema (1996), The Sepoys and the Company: Tradition and Transition 1770–1830, Oxford University Press, p. 340, ISBN 0-19-563484-5.
Anderson, Clare (2007), Indian Uprising of 1857–8: Prisons, Prisoners and Rebellion, New York: Anthem Press, p. 217, ISBN 978-1-84331-249-9.
Bandyopadhyay, Sekhara (2004), From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India, New Delhi: Orient Longman, p. 523, ISBN 81-250-2596-0.
Bayly, Christopher Alan (1988), Indian Society and the Making of the British Empire, Cambridge University Press, p. 230, ISBN 0-521-25092-7.
Bayly, Christopher Alan (2000), Empire and Information: Intelligence Gathering and Social Communication in India, c 1780–1870, Cambridge University Press, p. 412, ISBN 0-521-57085-9.
Bose, Sugata; Jalal, Ayesha (2004), Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy (2nd ed.), London: Routledge, p. 253, ISBN 0-415-30787-2.
Brown, Judith M. (1994), Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press, p. 480, ISBN 0-19-873113-2.
Greenwood, Adrian (2015), Victoria's Scottish Lion: The Life of Colin Campbell, Lord Clyde, UK: History Press, p. 496, ISBN 0-75095-685-2.
Harris, John (2001), The Indian Mutiny, Ware: Wordsworth Editions, p. 205, ISBN 1-84022-232-8.
Hibbert, Christopher (1980), The Great Mutiny: India 1857, London: Allen Lane, p. 472, ISBN 0-14-004752-2.
Jain, Meenakshi (2010), Parallel Pathways: Essays On Hindu-Muslim Relations ( 1707-1857), Delhi: Konark, ISBN 978-8122007831.

Boer Wars Feb 19, 2021

The Anglo-Boer Wars will introduce you to, one of the most fascinating Victorian Wars of the British Empire. A bite size comprehensive account of the two Anglo-Boer Wars fought between 1880-1881 and 1899-1902.
A gripping tale of one of the bloodiest and expensive wars for over a century, which pitted the two Boer Republics of South Africa against the might of the British Empire.
The podcast is under an hour, brief but informative and the history hit you are looking for. Please review!
Follow us and like on socials:
Twitter @bhistorypodcast
https://www.facebook.com/pg/bhistorypodcast/about/
Narrator and Author - Andrew Knight @ajknight31
Producer and Composer - Harry Edmondson
Resources
https://itunes.apple.com/gb/book/the-boer-wars-a-b…
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Boer-Wars-Brief-History-e…
Berger, Carl (1970). The Sense of Power; Studies in the Ideas of Canadian Imperialism,: 1867–1914. University of Toronto Press. pp. 233–34. ISBN 978-0-8020-6113-3.
Bester, R. (1994). Boer Rifles and Carbines of the Anglo-Boer Warb. Bloemfontein: War Museum of the Boer Republics.
Blake, Albert (2010). Boereverraaier. Tafelberg. p. 46.
"Case Name: Anglo-Boer: Britain's Vietnam (1899–1902)". American University of Washington D.C Trade Environment projects. Archived from the original on 27 October 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
Desai, Ashwin; Vahed, Goolem (2015). The South African Gandhi: Stretcher-bearer of Empire. Stanford University Press.
"Miscellaneous information: Cost of the war". AngloBoerWar.com. 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.[unreliable source?]
Chase, Sean (4 November 2012). "Dragoons remember the heroes of Leliefontein". Daily Observer.
Daily Mail (5810). 16 November 1914. pp. 4 ff. ISSN 0307-7578. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Duffy, Michael (22 August 2009). "Sam Hughes Biography". firstworldwar.com.[unreliable source?]
Cameron, Trewhella, ed. (1986). An Illustrated History of South Africa. Johannesburg,: Jonathan Ball. p. 207.
Cartwright, A. P (1964). The Dynamite Company. Cape Town: Purnell & Sons.
Davis, Richard Harding (1900). With Both Armies In South Africa. Charles Scribner Sons. p. 34, fn. 59.
"South African War (British-South African history)". Encyclopedia Britannica. Britannica.com. 31 March 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2013.
"Caring for the soldiers health". Nash's war manual. London: Eveleigh Nash. 1914. p. 309.
Farwell, Byron (March 1976). "Taking Sides in the Boer War". American Heritage Magazine. 20 (3). ISSN 0002-8738. Archived from the original on 7 January 2009.
Ferguson, Niall (2002). Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power. Basic Books. p. 235.
Grundlingh, Albert (1980). "Collaborators in Boer Society". In Warwick, P. The South African War. London. pp. 258–78.
Granatstein, J.L. (2010). The Oxford Companion to Canadian Military History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-543088-2.
Grattan, Robert (2009). "The Entente in World War I: a case study in strategy formulation in an alliance". Journal of Management History. 15 (2): 147–58.
Gronum, M.A. (1977). Die ontplooiing van die Engelse Oorlog 1899–1900. Tafelberg.
Haydon, A.P. (1964). "South Australia's first war". Australian Historical Studies. 11 (42).
Hayes, Matthew Horace (1902). Horses on board ship: a guide to their management. London: Hurst and Blackett. pp. 213–14.
Inglis, Brian (1974). Roger Casement. London: Coronet Books. pp. 53–55.
Jeffery, Keith (2000). "The Irish Soldier in the Boer War". In Gooch, John. The Boer War. London: Cass. p. 145. cites
Jacson, M. (1908). "II". The Record of a Regiment of the Line. Hutchinson & Company. p. 88. ISBN 1-4264-9111-5.
Jones, Maurig (1996). "Blockhouses of the Boer War". Colonial Conquest, magweb. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.

Indian Mutiny Part 1 Feb 19, 2021

Zulu Wars Feb 19, 2021

The Anglo – Zulu wars, a clash between the might of the British Empire with the African Zulu Kingdom, began in 1879.
In 1874, Sir Henry Bartle Frere was appointed High Commissioner for Southern Africa. His mission was to bring the various African kingdoms, tribal areas, and Boer Republics together under British rule, modelled after the policy which brought the various states within Canada together under one political and military control. He was opposed by several forces, mainly the various independent Boer states, and the Zulu Kingdom, with its vast army.
In order to bring the region and its tribes together under as part of the British Empire, Frere decided to go to war with the Zulu Kingdom. Working on his own, without the backing of his government, Frere issued an ultimatum to the Zulu King Cetshwayo on 11 December 1878. The demands proved impossible to comply with, and war was declared. The British forces, led by Lord Chelmsford, invaded Zululand. Many battles ensued, including a stunning Zulu victory at Isandlwana, and the near-collapse of the garrison at Rorke’s Drift. However, in the end, the British were triumphant. The Zulu Nation would no longer be independent.
The podcast is under an hour, brief but informative and the history hit you are looking for.
Please review! Follow us and like on socials:
Twitter @bhistorypodcast
https://www.facebook.com/pg/bhistorypodcast/about/
Narrator and Author - Andrew Knight @ajknight31
Producer and Composer - Harry Edmondson
Resources
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Zulu-Wars-Brief-History-e…
https://itunes.apple.com/gb/book/the-zulu-wars-a-b…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Zulu_War
Archer, Christon I.; Ferris, John R.; Herwig, Holger H.; Travers, Timothy H. E. (2008). World History of Warfare. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-1941-0.
Barthorp, Michael (2002). The Zulu War: Isandhlwana to Ulundi. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-36270-0.
Bourquin, S. (1978). "The Zulu military organization and the challenge of 1879". Military History Journal. 4 (4).
Brookes, Edgar H; Webb, Colin de B. (1965). A History of Natal. Brooklyn: University of Natal Press. ISBN 0-86980-579-7.
Colenso, Frances E. (1880). History of the Zulu War and Its Origin. Assisted by Edward Durnford. London: Chapman & Hall.
David, Saul (February 2009). "The Forgotten Battles of the Zulu War". BBC History Magazine. 10 (2). pp. 26–33.
Dutton, Roy (2010). Forgotten Heroes: Zulu & Basuto Wars including Complete Medal Roll. Infodial. ISBN 978-0-9556554-4-9.
French, Gerald (2014) [1939]. Lord Chelmsford and the Zulu War. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head. ISBN 978-1-4738-3510-8.
Giliomee, Hermann Buhr; Mbenga, Bernard (2007). New History of South Africa. Tafelberg. ISBN 978-0-624-04359-1.
Gump, James O. (1996). The Dust Rose Like Smoke: The Subjugation of the Zulu and the Sioux. Bison Books. ISBN 0-8032-7059-3.
Guy, Jeff (1994). The Destruction of the Zulu Kingdom: The Civil War in Zululand, 1879–1884. University of Natal Press. ISBN 978-0-86980-892-4.
Knight, Ian (1995). Brave Men's Blood: The Epic of the Zulu War, 1879. Pen & Sword Military Classics. ISBN 978-1-84415-212-4.
Knight, Ian (1996). Rorke's Drift, 1879: 'pinned Like Rats in a Hole'. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-506-7.
Knight, Ian (2003). The Zulu War 1879. Osprey. ISBN 978-1-84176-612-6.
Knight, Ian (2005). British Fortifications in Zululand 1879. Osprey. ISBN 978-1-84176-829-8.
Knight, Ian; Castle, Ian (1999). British Army: Zulu War to the Boer War. Brassey's UK. ISBN 978-1-85753-284-5.
Laband, John; Knight, Ian (1996). The Anglo-Zulu War. Stroud: Sutton. ISBN 0-86985-829-7.
Laband, John (2009). Historical Dictionary of the Zulu Wars. Scarecrow. ISBN 978-0-8108-6300-2.
Lock, Ron; Quantrill, Peter (2002). Zulu Victory: The Epic of Isandlwana and the Co

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