BrainWaves: A Neurology Podcast

Latest Episodes:

#68 Teaching through clinical cases: A man with falls Aug 01, 2019

Show notes

In one of our previous Teaching through Clinical Cases, Dr. Sneha Mantri (formerly a movement disorders fellow at the Philadelphia VA, now an Assistant Professor of Neurology at Duke) took us through the case of a gentleman with gait instability and falls. We are re-releasing this show with an update on the 2017 revised diagnostic criteria for the neurologic condition experienced by this patient.

Produced by James E. Siegler. Music courtesy of Julie Maxwell, Yan Terrien, Josh Woodward, Quantum Jazz, and Pachyderm. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

Hess CW and Okun MS. Diagnosing Parkinson Disease. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2016;22:1047-63.
Garbutt S, Riley DE, Kumar AN, Han Y, Harwood MR and Leigh RJ. Abnormalities of optokinetic nystagmus in progressive supranuclear palsy. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 2004;75:1386-94.
McFarland NR. Diagnostic Approach to Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2016;22:1117-42.
Boxer AL, Yu JT, Golbe LI, Litvan I, Lang AE and Hoglinger GU. Advances in progressive supranuclear palsy: new diagnostic criteria, biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches. The Lancet Neurology. 2017;16:552-563.
Hoglinger GU, Respondek G, Stamelou M, Kurz C, Josephs KA, Lang AE, Mollenhauer B, Muller U, Nilsson C, Whitwell JL, Arzberger T, Englund E, Gelpi E, Giese A, Irwin DJ, Meissner WG, Pantelyat A, Rajput A, van Swieten JC, Troakes C, Antonini A, Bhatia KP, Bordelon Y, Compta Y, Corvol JC, Colosimo C, Dickson DW, Dodel R, Ferguson L, Grossman M, Kassubek J, Krismer F, Levin J, Lorenzl S, Morris HR, Nestor P, Oertel WH, Poewe W, Rabinovici G, Rowe JB, Schellenberg GD, Seppi K, van Eimeren T, Wenning GK, Boxer AL, Golbe LI, Litvan I and Movement Disorder Society-endorsed PSPSG. Clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy: The movement disorder society criteria. Mov Disord. 2017;32:853-864.
PW Brazis, Masdeu JC, Biller J. Localization in Clinical Neurology, 6th 2011 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

#144 RCVS vs. Primary Angiitis of the CNS Jul 25, 2019

Show notes

A 50-year-old gentleman presents with severe headaches and speech disturbance. The MRI shows acute strokes and multifocal vascular irregularities. Is it reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome or primary angiitis of the central nervous system? Or is it something else entirely?

RCVS and PACNS almost always pose a challenge--even to the most astute neurologist. But, because they are treated entirely differently and their clinical trajectories depend on these treatments, it is worth knowing how experts distinguish the two. This week on the BrainWaves podcast, Dr. Jesse Thon joins Jim Siegler in a discussion about the clinical and radiographic features of these two conditions, and shares his experience in managing these patients.

Produced by James E. Siegler and Jesse Thon. Music courtesy of Nuno Adelaida, Peter Rudenko on the piano, Squire Tuck on the guitar, Swelling, and Uncanny. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

Singhal AB. Diagnostic challenges in RCVS, PACNS, and other cerebral arteriopathies. Cephalalgia. 2011;31:1067-70.
Miller TR, Shivashankar R, Mossa-Basha M and Gandhi D. Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome, Part 2: Diagnostic Work-Up, Imaging Evaluation, and Differential Diagnosis. AJNR American journal of neuroradiology. 2015;36:1580-8.
Miller TR, Shivashankar R, Mossa-Basha M and Gandhi D. Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome, Part 1: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Course. AJNR American journal of neuroradiology. 2015;36:1392-9.
Singhal AB, Topcuoglu MA, Fok JW, Kursun O, Nogueira RG, Frosch MP and Caviness VS, Jr. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromes and primary angiitis of the central nervous system: clinical, imaging, and angiographic comparison. Annals of neurology. 2016;79:882-94.
Singhal AB and Topcuoglu MA. Glucocorticoid-associated worsening in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Neurology. 2017;88:228-236.
Rocha EA, Topcuoglu MA, Silva GS and Singhal AB. RCVS2 score and diagnostic approach for reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Neurology. 2019;92:e639-e647.
Birnbaum J and Hellmann DB. Primary angiitis of the central nervous system. Archives of neurology. 2009;66:704-9.

#143 Teaching through clinical cases: A young woman with vision loss Jul 11, 2019

Show notes

In this week's Teaching through Clinical Cases, Dr. Olga Rosenveld Thon (Drexel) walks us through the challenging management decisions that emerge in the care of women with demyelinating disease. Why are women prone to multiple sclerosis? How do pregnancy, breastfeeding, and menopause influence the disease course--and should these events alter the course of their therapy?

Produced by James E. Siegler and Olga Thon. Music courtesy of Cellophane Sam, Chris Zabriskie, Jon Watts, Kai Engel, and Lee Rosevere. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

DISCLOSURES

Dr. Rosenveld Thon reports relevant financial interests in Ocrevus, as a consultant.

REFERENCES

Michel L, Foucher Y, Vukusic S, Confavreux C, de Seze J, Brassat D, Clanet M, Clavelou P, Ouallet JC, Brochet B, Pelletier J, Labauge P, Lebrun C, Lepage E, Le Frere F, Jacq-Foucher M, Barriere P, Wiertlewski S, Laplaud DA and Club Francophone de la Sclerose En P. Increased risk of multiple sclerosis relapse after in vitro fertilisation. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 2012;83:796-802.
Nielsen NM, Westergaard T, Rostgaard K, Frisch M, Hjalgrim H, Wohlfahrt J, Koch-Henriksen N and Melbye M. Familial risk of multiple sclerosis: a nationwide cohort study. American journal of epidemiology. 2005;162:774-8.
Confavreux C, Hutchinson M, Hours MM, Cortinovis-Tourniaire P and Moreau T. Rate of pregnancy-related relapse in multiple sclerosis. Pregnancy in Multiple Sclerosis Group. The New England journal of medicine. 1998;339:285-91.
Bove R and Chitnis T. The role of gender and sex hormones in determining the onset and outcome of multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis. 2014;20:520-6.
Bove R. Women's Issues in Multiple Sclerosis. Semin Neurol. 2016;36:154-62.
Rankin K and Bove R. Caring for Women with Multiple Sclerosis Across the Lifespan. Current neurology and neuroscience reports. 2018;18:36.
Ramagopalan SV, Dobson R, Meier UC and Giovannoni G. Multiple sclerosis: risk factors, prodromes, and potential causal pathways. The Lancet Neurology. 2010;9:727-39.
Correale J, Farez MF and Ysrraelit MC. Increase in multiple sclerosis activity after assisted reproduction technology. Annals of neurology. 2012;72:682-94.
Bove R, Chitnis T and Houtchens M. Menopause in multiple sclerosis: therapeutic considerations. Journal of neurology. 2014;261:1257-68.

#142 The trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias Jun 27, 2019

Show notes

In episode 142, Jim Siegler is joined by Dr. Deena Kuruvilla (Yale University School of Medicine) to discuss the 5 trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias--what we know about the pathophysiology, the diagnostic criteria, and current and future management strategies.

Produced by James E. Siegler and Deena Kuruvilla. Music courtesy of Ars Sonor, Axletree, Kevin McLeod, Lee Rosevere, and Steve Combs. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2012;18:883-895
Lambru G, Matharu MS. Sunct, suna and trigeminal neuralgia: Different disorders or variants of the same disorder? Curr Opin Neurol. 2014;27:325-331
Akram H, Miller S, Lagrata S, Hyam J, Jahanshahi M, Hariz M, et al. Ventral tegmental area deep brain stimulation for refractory chronic cluster headache. Neurology. 2016;86:1676-1682
Miller S, Akram H, Lagrata S, Hariz M, Zrinzo L, Matharu M. Ventral tegmental area deep brain stimulation in refractory short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks. Brain. 2016;139:2631-2640
McGeeney BE. Cluster headache and other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Semin Neurol. 2018;38:603-607
Khan S, Olesen A, Ashina M. Cgrp, a target for preventive therapy in migraine and cluster headache: Systematic review of clinical data. Cephalalgia. 2019;39:374-389

DISCLOSURES

Dr. Kuruvilla serves as a consultant for Lilly and Amgen pharmaceuticals.

#42 There's more to the facial nerve than Bell's Palsy Jun 20, 2019

Show notes

You might think George Clooney gets his devilishly handsome smile from well polished genes or a long history of acting lessons. As it turns out, he has mild residual weakness from a remote Bell's Palsy.

In this week's installment of the BrainWaves podcast, we've got even more factoids about the facial nerve as we revisit a prior show that originally aired in January 2017. We've touched up the audio a bit, so get comfortable and grab a pen, you may want to take notes on this one.

Produced by James E. Siegler. Music courtesy of Marcos H. Bolanos, Jon Watts & Lee Rosevere. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

1. Gilden DH. Clinical practice. Bell's Palsy. The New England journal of medicine. 2004;351:1323-31.

2. Sweeney CJ and Gilden DH. Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 2001;71:149-54.

3. Gaio E, Marioni G, de Filippis C, Tregnaghi A, Caltran S and Staffieri A. Facial nerve paralysis secondary to acute otitis media in infants and children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2004;40:483-6.

4. Habel A. Ueber Fortbestehen von Tic convulsif bei gleichseitiger Hemiplegie. Deutsche Med Wchnschr. 1898;24:189.

#141 The heat of the moment Jun 13, 2019

Show notes

Things are heating up for BrainWaves this week as we explore an exciting new topic in our digital curriculum: Heat-related illness. From the causes to the manifestation of the various causes of hyperthermia which can ultimately lead to circulatory collapse. But don't panic. It's just a podcast.

Produced by James E. Siegler. Music courtesy of Ghost, John Bartmann, Kai Engel, and Marco Trovatello. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

**7 July 2019 update**

Much appreciated feedback from passionate listener Phoebe Duke (Spokane Falls Community College)! Whenever possible, submersion in cold water remains the most effective way to cool the body during heatstroke. Recommended by the AHA and other professional societies. Thanks for the input Phoebe! My

REFERENCES

Casa DJ, Armstrong LE, Kenny GP, O'Connor FG, Huggins RA. Exertional heat stroke: new concepts regarding cause and care. Curr Sports Med Rep 2012;11:115-123.
Wu X, Brady JE, Rosenberg H, Li G. Emergency Department Visits for Heat Stroke in the United States, 2009 and 2010. Inj Epidemiol 2014;1:8.
Al Mahri S, Bouchama A. Heatstroke. Handbook of clinical neurology 2018;157:531-545.
Morrison SF, Nakamura K. Central neural pathways for thermoregulation. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2011;16:74-104.
Kenny GP, Wilson TE, Flouris AD, Fujii N. Heat exhaustion. Handbook of clinical neurology 2018;157:505-529.

#84 Neonatal abstinence syndrome Jun 06, 2019

Show notes

The first wave of the opioid crisis began in 1991 when physicians began to overprescribe narcotic analgesics for pain. Eventually, addiction led to abuse and the fatality rates began to climb. In response, the US government cracked down on narcotic prescriptions--leading a surge in the price of medical grade opioids. By 2010, the cost of pharmacologic opiates was unaffordable, and users reverted back to the (now cheaper) alternative, heroin. 2013 marked the third wave of the opioid crisis, whereby synthetic, high-potency opiates like fentanyl and carfentanyl were being infused into other opiate products. With each wave, the world witnessed a spike in the number of opioid-related deaths, and thus far, our solutions have only led to new problems. But there is more to the opioid crisis than the effect of opioids on the voluntary user.

In 2017, we released a show highlighting the clinical consequences and management of opioid dependence on infants born to mothers who had used opioids during their pregnancy. This week, we have remastered the 2017 program and included an update at the end.

Produced by James E. Siegler. Music courtesy of Little Glass Men, Jason Shaw, and Chris Zabriskie. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

McQueen K and Murphy-Oikonen J. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. The New England journal of medicine. 2016;375:2468-2479.
Vlahov D, Des Jarlais DC, Goosby E, Hollinger PC, Lurie PG, Shriver MD and Strathdee SA. Needle exchange programs for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus infection: epidemiology and policy. American journal of epidemiology. 2001;154:S70-7.
Kocherlakota P. Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics. 2014;134:e547-61.
Hagan H, McGough JP, Thiede H, Weiss NS, Hopkins S and Alexander ER. Syringe exchange and risk of infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. American journal of epidemiology. 1999;149:203-13.
Wodak A and Cooney A. Do needle syringe programs reduce HIV infection among injecting drug users: a comprehensive review of the international evidence. Subst Use Misuse. 2006;41:777-813.
Jarlenski M, Barry CL, Gollust S, Graves AJ, Kennedy-Hendricks A and Kozhimannil K. Polysubstance Use Among US Women of Reproductive Age Who Use Opioids for Nonmedical Reasons. Am J Public Health. 2017;107:1308-1310.
Hudak ML, Tan RC, Committee On D, Committee On F, Newborn and American Academy of P. Neonatal drug withdrawal. Pediatrics. 2012;129:e540-60.
Winkelman TNA, Villapiano N, Kozhimannil KB, Davis MM and Patrick SW. Incidence and Costs of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Among Infants With Medicaid: 2004-2014. Pediatrics. 2018;141.
MacMillan KDL, Rendon CP, Verma K, Riblet N, Washer DB and Volpe Holmes A. Association of Rooming-in With Outcomes for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2018;172:345-351.
Gomez-Pomar E and Finnegan LP. The Epidemic of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Historical References of Its' Origins, Assessment, and Management. Front Pediatr. 2018;6:33.

#140 Of measles and men May 30, 2019

Show notes

Since January 1, 2019, there have been nearly 900 confirmed US cases of measles across 24 states. This is 10 times greater than the number of cases in the US 3 years ago, and it is the largest outbreak the US has seen since 1994. The month of May also marks the first reported case of measles in the state of Pennsylvania, where BrainWaves is produced. So this week on the program, Jim Siegler speaks with Dr. Erika Mejia (pediatrician) about the medical and sociopolitical triggers for this outbreak, the misconceptions of the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, and finally, what you can do to keep measles from "going viral"*.

Produced by James E. Siegler and Erika Mejia. Music courtesy of Advent Chamber Orchestra, Coldnoise, Josh Woodward, Kevin McLeod, and Lee Roosevere. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

Murch SH, Anthony A, Casson DH, Malik M, Berelowitz M, Dhillon AP, Thomson MA, Valentine A, Davies SE and Walker-Smith JA. Retraction of an interpretation. Lancet. 2004;363:750.
Perry RT and Halsey NA. The clinical significance of measles: a review. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2004;189 Suppl 1:S4-16.
Campbell H, Andrews N, Brown KE and Miller E. Review of the effect of measles vaccination on the epidemiology of SSPE. Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:1334-48.
Poland GA and Jacobson RM. The age-old struggle against the antivaccinationists. The New England journal of medicine. 2011;364:97-9.
Maglione MA, Das L, Raaen L, Smith A, Chari R, Newberry S, Shanman R, Perry T, Goetz MB and Gidengil C. Safety of vaccines used for routine immunization of U.S. children: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2014;134:325-37.
Bester JC. Measles and Measles Vaccination: A Review. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170:1209-1215.
Bester JC. Not a matter of parental choice but of social justice obligation: Children are owed measles vaccination. Bioethics. 2018;32:611-619.
Fournet N, Mollema L, Ruijs WL, Harmsen IA, Keck F, Durand JY, Cunha MP, Wamsiedel M, Reis R, French J, Smit EG, Kitching A and van Steenbergen JE. Under-vaccinated groups in Europe and their beliefs, attitudes and reasons for non-vaccination; two systematic reviews. BMC Public Health. 2018;18:196.
Trump's tweet: https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/449525268529815552?lang=en

*Truth-be-told, measles claims the lives of 100,000 people around the globe every year. It has already gone viral. This was just a figure of speech.

#139 The DAWN of a new age for stroke treatment May 16, 2019

Show notes

It would be an understatement to say that endovascular thrombectomy has revolutionized acute stroke management. As of 2018, the American Heart Association recommends treatment up to 24 hours after time last seen normal for select patients. This week on the BrainWaves podcast, Dr. Tudor Jovin--PI for the DAWN and REVASCAT clinical trials--summarizes the history of thrombectomy trials, and what it is about our current strategies that have breathed new life into a technique that has historically fizzled.

IF YOU'RE TAKING YOUR NEUROLOGY BOARDS, and not sure how to prepare, check out the 2019 Penn Neurology Board Review Course here [or here: https://upenn.cloud-cme.com/default.aspx?P=5&EID=54399]. BrainWaves' listeners get $150 off their enrollment fee using the promo code 'WAVES2019'.

Produced by James E. Siegler and Jesse Thon. Music courtesy of Cuicuitte, Coldnoise, Medyn, Jon Watts, Lee Rosevere, and Mystery Mammal. Sound effects by Mike Koenig and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

Konstas AA, Goldmakher GV, Lee TY and Lev MH. Theoretic basis and technical implementations of CT perfusion in acute ischemic stroke, part 2: technical implementations. AJNR American journal of neuroradiology. 2009;30:885-92.
Heit JJ and Wintermark M. Perfusion Computed Tomography for the Evaluation of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Strengths and Pitfalls. Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. 2016;47:1153-8.
Goyal M, Menon BK, van Zwam WH, Dippel DW, Mitchell PJ, Demchuk AM, Davalos A, Majoie CB, van der Lugt A, de Miquel MA, Donnan GA, Roos YB, Bonafe A, Jahan R, Diener HC, van den Berg LA, Levy EI, Berkhemer OA, Pereira VM, Rempel J, Millan M, Davis SM, Roy D, Thornton J, Roman LS, Ribo M, Beumer D, Stouch B, Brown S, Campbell BC, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Saver JL, Hill MD, Jovin TG and collaborators H. Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from five randomised trials. Lancet. 2016;387:1723-31.
Gross BA, Jadhav AP, Jankowitz BT and Jovin TG. The Ongoing Revolution in Thrombectomy: Expanding Inclusion Criteria to Larger Cores. World Neurosurg. 2018;120:393-394.
Jadhav AP, Molyneaux BJ, Hill MD and Jovin TG. Care of the Post-Thrombectomy Patient. Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. 2018;49:2801-2807.
Nogueira RG, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, Bonafe A, Budzik RF, Bhuva P, Yavagal DR, Ribo M, Cognard C, Hanel RA, Sila CA, Hassan AE, Millan M, Levy EI, Mitchell P, Chen M, English JD, Shah QA, Silver FL, Pereira VM, Mehta BP, Baxter BW, Abraham MG, Cardona P, Veznedaroglu E, Hellinger FR, Feng L, Kirmani JF, Lopes DK, Jankowitz BT, Frankel MR, Costalat V, Vora NA, Yoo AJ, Malik AM, Furlan AJ, Rubiera M, Aghaebrahim A, Olivot JM, Tekle WG, Shields R, Graves T, Lewis RJ, Smith WS, Liebeskind DS, Saver JL, Jovin TG and Investigators DT. Thrombectomy 6 to 24 Hours after Stroke with a Mismatch between Deficit and Infarct. The New England journal of medicine. 2018;378:11-21.
Campbell BCV, Majoie C, Albers GW, Menon BK, Yassi N, Sharma G, van Zwam WH, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Demchuk AM, Guillemin F, White P, Davalos A, van der Lugt A, Butcher KS, Cherifi A, Marquering HA, Cloud G, Macho Fernandez JM, Madigan J, Oppenheim C, Donnan GA, Roos Y, Shankar J, Lingsma H, Bonafe A, Raoult H, Hernandez-Perez M, Bharatha A, Jahan R, Jansen O, Richard S, Levy EI, Berkhemer OA, Soudant M, Aja L, Davis SM, Krings T, Tisserand M, San Roman L, Tomasello A, Beumer D, Brown S, Liebeskind DS, Bracard S, Muir KW, Dippel DWJ, Goyal M, Saver JL, Jovin TG, Hill MD, Mitchell PJ and collaborators H. Penumbral imaging and functional outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischaemic stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy versus medical therapy: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data. The Lancet Neurology. 2019;18:46-55.
Roman LS, Menon BK, Blasco J, Hernandez-Perez M, Davalos A, Majoie C, Campbell BCV, Guillemin F, Lingsma H, Anxionnat R, Epstein J, Saver JL, Marquering H, Wong JH, Lopes D, Reimann G, Desal H, Dippel DWJ, Coutts S, du Mesnil de Rochemont R, Yavagal D, Ferre JC, Roos Y, Liebeskind DS, Lenthall R, Molina C, Al Ajlan FS, Reddy V, Dowlatshahi D, Sourour NA, Oppenheim C, Mitha AP, Davis SM, Weimar C, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Cobo E, Kleinig TJ, Donnan GA, van der Lugt A, Demchuk AM, Berkhemer OA, Boers AMM, Ford GA, Muir KW, Brown BS, Jovin T, van Zwam WH, Mitchell PJ, Hill MD, White P, Bracard S, Goyal M and collaborators H. Imaging features and safety and efficacy of endovascular stroke treatment: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data. The Lancet Neurology. 2018;17:895-904.

#138 A Gift from God: The neuroscience of Leonardo da Vinci May 02, 2019

Show notes

Although he may never have attended university, Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was a true scholar of the Renaissance. His contributions to civil and mechanical engineering, the creative arts, and natural philosophy are nothing short of extraordinary. Less well popularized--although of equal importance--were his accomplishments in the field of anatomy. This week on the BrainWaves Podcast, we delve into his discoveries, his methodology, his handedness, and the message he has left us with.

IF YOU'RE TAKING YOUR NEUROLOGY BOARDS, and not sure how to prepare, check out the 2019 Penn Neurology Board Review Course here [https://upenn.cloud-cme.com/default.aspx?P=5&EID=54399]. If Leonardo da Vinci had gone to school, he would have liked this course. BrainWaves' listeners get $150 off their enrollment fee using the promo code 'WAVES2019'.

Produced by James E. Siegler. Music courtesy of Sergey Chereminisov, Peter Rudenko, Fatal Injection, Andrew Sacco, Alavedra Montserrat, William McColl, and Joseph Levine. Sound effects by Mike Koenig, Mark DiAngelo, and Daniel Simion. BrainWaves' podcasts and online content are intended for medical education only and should not be used for clinical decision making. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @brainwavesaudio for the latest updates to the podcast.

REFERENCES

Keele KD. Leonardo da Vinci and anatomical demonstration. Med Biol Illus. 1952;2(4):226-232.
Keele KD. Leonardo da Vinci on vision. Proc R Soc Med. 1955;48(5):384-390.
Keele KD. Leonardo Da Vinci's Influence on Renaissance Anatomy. Med Hist. 1964;8:360-370.
Schott GD. Some neurological observations on Leonardo da Vinci's handwriting. Journal of the neurological sciences. 1979;42(3):321-329.
Pevsner J. Leonardo da Vinci's contributions to neuroscience. Trends Neurosci. 2002;25(4):217-220.
Bowen G, Gonzales J, Iwanaga J, et al. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) and his depictions of the human spine. Childs Nerv Syst. 2017;33(12):2067-2070.
Pevsner J. Leonardo da Vinci's studies of the brain. Lancet. 2019;393(10179):1465-1472.
Leonardo da Vinci. Corpus of the anatomical studies in the collection of Her Majesty, the Queen, at Windsor Castle. (Clark K., and Pedretti, C., eds.), 39 Recto, Harcourt Brace Janovich.

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