41:44-50:45 Open discussion (弗洛伊德与《梦的解析》+ Deja Vu与“平时时空” )
References and Resources
Freud believed dreams represented a disguised fulfilment of a repressed wish. Studying dreams provides the easiest road to understanding of the unconscious activities of the mind. According Freudian psychoanalytical theories, dreams have two parts: a manifested content, which is the remembered dream after we wake, and a latent content, or the dream that we do not remember which is considered part of the unconscious. As Freud (1955) argues, the latent, or unremembered, dream content is composed of three elements: the sensory impressions during the night of the dream, the residues left from the day before, and the id's drives that are already part of the dreamer.
Freud, S. (1955). Dreams and telepathy. In The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XVIII (1920-1922): Beyond the Pleasure Principle, Group Psychology and Other Works (pp. 195-220).
Hendrix, J. S. (2019). The Dream Work of Sigmund Freud.
Under U.S. law, a defendant is considered innocent until proven guilty. If the judge or jury has a reasonable doubt about the defendant's guilt, the defendant cannot be convicted. Simply put, reasonable doubt is the highest standard of proof used in any court of law. It is used exclusively in criminal cases versus civil cases because a criminal conviction could deprive the defendant of liberty or even life. The standard of proof beyond a reasonable doubt is widely accepted around the world. The concept of reasonable doubt is imposed only on criminal cases because the consequences of a conviction are severe.
The concept of reasonable doubt is not explicitly stated in the U.S. Constitution. However, one of the basic principles of the U.S. legal system is that it is worse to convict an innocent person than to let a guilty person go free. The person charged is considered innocent until proven guilty. As such, the burden of proof falls upon the prosecution to prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt.
(retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/reasonable-doubt)
Philip Sherwell (September 12, 2009). "Jaycee Lee Dugard abductor Phillip Garrido 'wanted cute blonde girl'". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on July 29, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
Rothfeld, Michael (November 4, 2009). "State prison watchdog strongly criticizes procedures in Jaycee Dugard case". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on February 8, 2014. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
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