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    Software How-To

    DEF CON 23 [Audio] Speeches from the Hacker Convention

    The DEF CON series of hacking conferences were started in 1993 to focus on both the technical and social trends in hacking, and has grown to be world known event. Video, audio and supporting materials from past conferences are available on our new media server at: https://media.defcon.org

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    Latest Episodes:
    Richard Thieme - Hacking the Human Body/brain: Identity Shift, the Shape of a New Self, and Humanity 2.0 Oct 30, 2015
    Show notes

    Hacking the Human Body/brain: Identity Shift, the Shape of a New Self, and Humanity 2.0
    Richard Thieme Author and Professional Speaker, ThiemeWorks

    This presentation is beyond fiction.

    Current research in neuroscience and the extension and augmentation of senses is proceeding in directions that might sound to a twentieth century mind like science fiction. Progress is rapid but unevenly distributed: Some is directed by military, intelligence and corporate interests but beyond their concerns, we can discern the future shape of human identity itself in nascent forms.

    The human body/brain is being hacked to explore radical applications for helping, healing, and harming this and future generations. Some can be done in garage-hacking style. The presenter, in fact, recently had lenses in both eyes removed and replaced with artificial ones engineered for the vision he wanted, a now-trivial surgery. The reach of new technologies promises an even more radical transformation in what it means to be human.

    One area of research is the recovery of memories, the deletion of emotional charges from memories, the removal of specific memories, the alteration of the content of memories, and the implantation of new memories. Another seeks to read the mind at a distance and extract information. Another explores the use of genomes to understand and replicate thinking, feeling, and behavior patterns. Another implements mind-to-mind communication, using neuroscience to understand brains best suited for remote viewing as well as implants and non-invasive technologies that control the electromagnetic energies of the brain to enable psychokinesis, clairvoyance and telepathy.

    Augmentation of human abilities is being achieved by splicing information from sensors integrated with existing neurological channels. To feel the magnetic field of the earth, see the infrared and ultraviolet parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, discern the yaw and pitch of airplanes, see and hear by going around our eyes and ears -- all this means we will experience the “self” in new ways.

    Thieme concludes with quotes from remote viewer Joe McMoneagle, astronaut Edgar Mitchell, and his new novel FOAM to suggest the shape of the mind of the future. If you're 20 years old, you have at least a century of productive life ahead of you, so you had better be on board with the shape of your future selves. :-)

    Richard Thieme is an author and professional speaker focused on the challenges posed by new technologies and the future, how to redesign ourselves to meet these challenges, and creativity in response to radical change and identify shift. He has explored issues raised in this DEF CON 23 presentation for 20 years but raises his game to outline the shape of the future self, defining it as a system open to modification and hacking, giving the term “biohacking” new and compelling meaning.

    His column, "Islands in the Clickstream," was distributed to subscribers in sixty countries before collection as a book in 2004. When a friend at the NSA said after they worked together on intelligence issues, "The only way you can tell the truth is through fiction," he returned to writing short stories, 19 of which are collected in “Mind Games.” He is co-author of the critically extolled “UFOs and Government: A Historical Inquiry,” a 5-year research project using material exclusively from government documents and other primary sources, now in 50 university libraries. A recently completed novel FOAM explores the existential challenges of what it means to be human in the 21st century. “The UFO History Group” is exploring a second volume and Thieme is selecting “the best of” his diverse writings for “A Richard Thieme Reader” and writing more fiction.

    Thieme's work has been taught at universities in Europe, Australia, Canada, and the United States, and he has guest lectured at numerous universities, including Purdue University (CERIAS), the Technology, Literacy and Culture Distinguished Speakers Series of the University of Texas, and the “Design Matters” lecture series at the University of Calgary. He keynoted a conference on metadata this spring for the U of Texas-San Antonio. He addressed the reinvention of “Europe” as a “cognitive artifact” for curators and artists at Museum Sztuki in Lodz, Poland and keynoted “The Real Truth: A World’s Fair” at Raven Row Gallery, London. He has spoken for the National Security Agency, the FBI, the Secret Service, the US Department of the Treasury, Los Alamos National Labs and has keynoted “hacker” and security conferences around the world.

    Twitter and skype: neuralcowboy:
    Facebook and LinkedIn: Richard Thieme


    Panel - Let's Encrypt - Minting Free Certificates to Encrypt the Entire Web Oct 30, 2015
    Show notes

    Let's Encrypt - Minting Free Certificates to Encrypt the Entire Web
    Peter Eckersley Electronic Frontier Foundation
    James Kasten Electronic Frontier Foundation
    Yan Zhu Electronic Frontier Foundation

    Let's Encrypt is a new certificate authority that is being launched by EFF in collaboration with Mozilla, Cisco, Akamai, IdenTrust, and a team at the University of Michigan. It will issue certificates for free, using a new automated protocol called ACME for verification of domain control and issuance.

    This talk will describe the features of the CA and available clients at launch; explore the security challenges inherent in building such a system; and its effect on the security of the CA marketplace as a whole. We will also update our place on the roadmap to a Web that uses HTTPS by default.

    Peter Eckersley is Chief Computer Scientist for the Electronic Frontier Foundation. He leads a team of technologists who watch for technologies that, by accident or design, pose a risk to computer users' freedoms—and then look for ways to fix them. They write code to make the Internet more secure, more open, and safer against surveillance and censorship. They explain gadgets to lawyers and policymakers, and law and policy to gadgets.

    Aside from Let's Encrypt, Peter's other work at EFF has included privacy and security projects such as Panopticlick, HTTPS Everywhere, SSDI, and the SSL Observatory; helping to launch a movement for open wireless networks; fighting to keep modern computing platforms open; and running the first controlled tests to confirm that Comcast was using forged reset packets to interfere with P2P protocols.

    Peter holds a PhD in computer science and law from the University of Melbourne.

    James Kasten is a PhD candidate in Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Michgan and a STIET fellow. James is also a contractor at the Electronic Frontier Foundation. His research focuses on practical network security and PKI.

    James has published on the state of TLS, its certificate ecosystem and its vulnerabilities. Most notably, James has helped design the protocol and launch the technology behind Let's Encrypt.

    Yan is a security engineer at Yahoo, mostly working on End-to-End email encryption and improving TLS usage. She is also a Technology Fellow at EFF and a core developer of Let's Encrypt, HTTPS Everywhere, Privacy Badger Firefox, and SecureDrop. Yan has held a variety of jobs in the past, ranging from hacking web apps to composing modern orchestra music. She got a B.S. from MIT in 2012 and is a proud PhD dropout from Stanford.

    Yan has been a speaker at HOPE, DEFCON 22, jQuerySF, Real World Crypto, SXSW, and various other human gatherings. She is @bcrypt on Twitter.


    Nir Valtman & Moshe Ferber - From 0 To Secure In 1 Minute — Securing IAAS Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Materials Available here:https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2023/DEF%20CON%2023%20presentations/DEFCON-23-Nir-Valtman-Moshe-Ferber-From-zero-to-secure-in-1-minute-UPDATED.pdf

    From 0 To Secure In 1 Minute — Securing IAAS
    Nir Valtman CISO – Retail, NCR
    Moshe Ferber Co-chairman of the board, Cloud Security Alliance Israel

    Recent hacks to IaaS platforms reveled that we need to master the attack vectors used: Automation and API attack vector, insecure instances and management dashboard with wide capabilities. Those attack vectors are not unique to Cloud Computing but there are magnified due to the cloud characteristics. The fact is that IaaS instance lifecycle is accelerating, nowadays we can find servers that are installed, launched, process data and terminate - all within a range of minutes. This new accelerated lifecycle makes traditional security processes such as periodic patches, vulnerability scanning, hardening, and forensics impossible. In this accelerated lifecycle, there are no maintenance windows for patches or ability to mitigate vulnerability, so the security infrastructure must adapt to new methods. In this new thinking, we require automation of instance security configuration, hardening, monitoring, and termination. Because there are no maintenance windows, Servers must be patched before they boot up, security configuration and hardening procedures should be integrated with server installation and vulnerability scanning and mitigation processes should be automatic.

    In the presentation, we plan to announce the full version of a new open source tool called "Cloudefigo" and explain how it enables accelerated security lifecycle. We demonstrate how to launch a pre-configured, already patched instance into an encrypted storage environment automatically while evaluating their security and mitigating them automatically if a vulnerability is found. In the live demo, we leverage Amazon Web Services EC2 Cloud-Init scripts and object storage for provisioning automated security configuration, integrating encryption, including secure encryption key repositories for secure server's communication. The result of those techniques is cloud servers that are resilient, automatically configured, with the reduced attack surface.

    Nir is employed at NCR Corporation as the CISO of NCR Retail. Before the acquisition of Retalix by NCR, he was Chief Security Officer of R&D at the company. As part of his previous positions in the last decade, he worked as Chief Security Architect, Senior Technology Consultant, Application Security Consultant, Systems Infrastructure Security Consultant, and a Technological Trainer. While in these positions, Nir was not only consulting, but also performing hands-on activities in various fields, i.e. hardening, penetration testing, and development for personal/internal applications. In addition, Nir is a public speaker (spoke on BlackHat, DEF CON, OWASP, InfoSec etc.) and open source contributor. Among his contributions, he released an open source anti-defacement tool called AntiDef, and wrote a publication about QRbot, an iPhone QR botnet POC he developed. His latest open source tool is Cloudefigo, which planned to be presented in the conference. Nir has a BSc in Computer Science but his knowledge is based mainly on cowboy learning and information sharing with the techno-oriented communities.

    Moshe Ferber is an information security entrepreneur and one of the cornerstones of the information security industry in Israel, with over 20 years of experience in various industry the leading positions such as the Security manager for Ness Technologies and founder of leading MSSP services provider. Currently Mr. Ferber focuses in promoting innovation in the Israeli startup scene as an investor, lecturer and evangelist for various cloud security topics. Mr. Ferber is a popular industry speaker and promote cloud security best practices and official lecturer for the Cloud Security Alliance.


    Vivek Ramachandran - Chigula — A framework for Wi-Fi Intrusion Detection and Forensics Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Chigula — a framework for Wi-Fi Intrusion Detection and Forensics
    Vivek Ramachandran, Founder, SecurityTube.net and Pentester Academy

    Most of Wi-Fi Intrusion Detection & Forensics is done today using million dollar products or spending hours applying filters in Wireshark :) Chigula aims to solve this by providing a comprehensive, extensible and scriptable framework for Wi-Fi intrusion detection and forensics.

    A non-exhaustive list of attacks which will be detected using this framework include:

    Attack tool detection - Aireplay-NG, Airbase-NG, Mdk3 etc.
    Honeypot, Evil Twin and Multipot attacks
    Rogue devices
    Vulnerable clients based on Probed SSIDs
    Hosted network based backdoors
    MAC spoofing
    Deauthentication attacks
    Disassociation attacks
    Channel Jamming attacks using duration field
    Vivek Ramachandran discovered the Caffe Latte attack, broke WEP Cloaking and publicly demonstrated enterprise Wi-Fi backdoors. He is the author of "Backtrack 5: Wireless Penetration Testing" which has sold over 13,000+ copies worldwide. He is the founder of SecurityTube.net and runs SecurityTube Training & Pentester Academy which has trained professionals from 90 countries. He has spoken/trained at DEF CON, Blackhat USA/Europe/Abu Dhabi, Brucon, Hacktivity etc. conferences.

    Twitter: @securitytube
    Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pagesectube


    Aditya K Sood - Dissecting the Design of SCADA Web Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) - Hunting Vulnerabilities Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Dissecting the Design of SCADA Web Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) - Hunting Vulnerabilities
    Aditya K Sood Architect - Threat Research Labs, Elastica inc.

    Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) are the subsets of the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. HMIs are control panels that provide interfaces for humans to interact with machines and to manage operations of various types of SCADA systems. HMIs have direct access to SCADA databases including critical software programs. The majority of SCADA systems have web-based HMIs that allow the humans to control the SCADA operations remotely through Internet. This talk unveils various flavors of undisclosed vulnerabilities in web-based SCADA HMIs including but not limited to remote or local file inclusions, insecure authentication through clients, weak password hashing mechanisms, firmware discrepancies, hardcoded credentials, insecure web-services, weak cryptographic design, cross-site request forgery, and many others. This talk digs deeper into the design models of various SCADA systems to highlight security deficiencies in the existing SCADA HMI deployments. The research is driven with a motivation to secure SCADA devices and to build more intelligent solutions by hunting vulnerabilities in SCADA HMIs. The vulnerabilities presented in this talk are completely undisclosed and will be revealed for the first time with live demonstrations.

    Aditya K Sood (Ph.D) is a senior security researcher and consultant. Dr. Sood has research interests in malware automation and analysis, application security, secure software design and cybercrime. He has worked on a number of projects pertaining to penetration testing specializing in product/appliance security, networks, mobile and web applications while serving Fortune 500 clients for IOActive, KPMG and others. He is also a founder of SecNiche Security Labs, an independent web portal for sharing research with security community. He has authored several papers for various magazines and journals including IEEE, Elsevier, CrossTalk, ISACA, Virus Bulletin, Usenix and others. His work has been featured in several media outlets including Associated Press, Fox News, Guardian, Business Insider, CBC and others. He has been an active speaker at industry conferences and presented at BlackHat, DEF CON, HackInTheBox, RSA, Virus Bulletin, OWASP and many others. Dr. Sood obtained his Ph.D from Michigan State University in Computer Sciences. Dr. Sood is also an author of "Targeted Cyber Attacks" book published by Syngress.

    Company Website: http://www.elastica.net
    Personal website: http://adityaksood.secniche.org
    Twitter: @AdityaKSood


    Jose Selvi - Breaking SSL Using Time Synchronisation Attacks Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Materials Available here:https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2023/DEF%20CON%2023%20presentations/DEFCON-23-Jose-Selvi-Breaking-SSL-Using-Time-Synchronisation-Attacks.pdf

    Breaking SSL Using Time Synchronisation Attacks
    Jose Selvi Senior Security Consultant, NCC Group

    What time? When? Who is first? Obviously, Time is strongly present in our daily life. We use time in almost everything we do, and computers are not an exception to this rule. Our computers and devices use time in a wide variety of ways such as cache expiration, scheduling tasks or even security technologies. Some of those technologies completely relies on the local clock, and they can be affected by a clock misconfiguration.

    However, since most operating system providers do not offer secure time synchronisation protocols by default, an attacker could manipulate those protocols and control the local clock. In this presentation, we review how different operating systems synchronise their local clocks and how an attacker could exploit some of them in order to bypass different well-known security protections.

    Jose Selvi is a Senior Penetration Tester at NCC Group. His 11 years of expertise performing advanced security services and solutions in various industries (government, telecom, retail, manufacturing, healthcare, financial, technology...) include mainly penetration tests and information security research in new technologies. He is also a SANS Institute community instructor for penetration testing courses and a regular speaker at security conferences (mostly in Spain)


    Bart Kulach (Bartlomiej Jakub Kulach - Hack the Legacy! IBM i (aka AS/400) Revealed Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Materials Available here:https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2023/DEF%20CON%2023%20presentations/DEFCON-23-Bart-Kulach-Hack-the-Legacy-IBMi-revealed.pdf

    Hack the Legacy! IBM i (aka AS/400) Revealed.
    Bart Kulach (Bartlomiej Jakub Kulach) Security Researcher

    Have you ever heard about the famous "green screen"? No, it's not a screensaver... Believe me, it still does exist!

    In many industries, although the front-end systems are all new and shiny, in the back-end they still rely on well-known, proven IBM i (aka AS/400) technology for their back-office, core systems. Surprisingly, nobody truly seems to care about the security. Even if these nice IBM heavy black boxes are directly connected to the Internet...

    The aim of the talk is to give you more insight in a number of techniques for performing a security test of / securing an IBM i system from perspective of an external and internal intruder. Methods like privilege escalation by nested user switching, getting full system access via JDBC or bypassing the "green screen" (5250) limitations will be presented.

    Last but not least: I will also show a undocumented output format of the built-in password transfer API, giving you direct access to all password hashes. Even IBM engineers may wonder...

    Bart Kulach: Aged 31, with 14 years of work experience within IT security, risk management and IT operations. Security specialist and experienced supervisor for IT audits, CISA, CISM. Working currently for NN Group in the Netherlands as coordinator for IT audits within Investment and Insurance business units in Europe and Asia. The past 7 years he held various security and risk management related positions. Focused on security of IBM i (aka AS/400, iSeries), website security as well as lean IT processes and architecture.

    Facebook: (bart.kulach)


    Ryan Mitchell - Separating Bots from the Humans Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Materials Available here:https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2023/DEF%20CON%2023%20presentations/DEFCON-23-Ryan-Mitchell-Separating-Bots-from-Humans.pdf

    Separating Bots from the Humans
    Ryan Mitchell Software Engineer, LinkeDrive Inc

    There’s an escalating arms race between bots and the people who protect sites from them. Bots, or web scrapers, can be used to gather valuable data, probe large collections of sites for vulnerabilities, exploit found weaknesses, and are often unfazed by traditional solutions like robots.txt files, Ajax loading, and even CAPTCHAs. I’ll give an overview of both sides of the battle and explain what what really separates the bots from the humans. I’ll also demonstrate and easy new tool that can be used to crack CAPTCHAs with high rates of success, some creative approaches to honeypots, and demonstrate how to scrape many “bot-proof” sites.

    Ryan Mitchell is Software Engineer at LinkeDrive in Boston, where she develops their API and data analysis tools. She is a graduate of Olin College of Engineering, and is a masters degree student at Harvard University School of Extension Studies. Prior to joining LinkeDrive, she was a Software Engineer building web scrapers and bots at Abine Inc, and regularly does freelance work, building web scrapers for clients, primarily in the financial and retail industries.

    Ryan is also the author of two books: “Instant Web Scraping with Java” (Packt Publishing, 2013) and “Web Scraping with Python” (O’Reilly Media, 2015)

    Twitter: @Kludgist
    Amazon Author Page: http://www.amazon.com/Ryan-Mitchell/e/B00MQI8TVQ
    Website: http://ryanemitchell.com


    Marte L0ge - Tell me who you are and I will tell you your lock patter Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Materials Available here: https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2023/DEF%20CON%2023%20presentations/DEFCON-23-Marte-L0ge-I-will-Tell-you-your-Lock-Pattern-UPDATED.pdf

    Tell me who you are and I will tell you your lock pattern
    Marte Løge Security Researcher

    You are predictable. Your passwords are predictable, and so are your PINs. This fact is being used by the hackers, as well as the agencies watching you. But what about your Android lock patterns? Can who you are reveal what patterns you create?

    This presentation will present the result from an analysis of 3400 user-selected patterns. The interesting part is that we collected additional information about the respondents, not just the patterns themselves.

    Will being left-handed and having experience with security affect the way you create your lock patterns? There are 389,112 possible patterns. Your full device encryption won't save you if your lock pattern is L - as in "looser".

    Marte has just finished her master degree in computer science at the Norwegian University of Technology and Science (...NUTS

    She likes passwords and colors, resulting in a special interest in graphical passwords. She is probably the only person that has survived after studying the Android Pattern Lock for a whole year.


    Jean-Philippe Aumasson - Quantum Computers vs. Computers Security Oct 21, 2015
    Show notes

    Materials Available here:https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2023/DEF%20CON%2023%20presentations/DEFCON-23-Phillip-Aumasson-Quantum-Computers-vs-Computers-Security.pdf

    Quantum Computers vs. Computers Security
    Jean-Philippe Aumasson Principal Cryptographer, Kudelski Security, Switzerland

    We've heard about hypothetical quantum computers breaking most of the public-key crypto in use—RSA, elliptic curves, etc.—and we've heard about "post-quantum" systems that resist quantum computers. We also heard about quantum computers' potential to solve other problems considerably faster than classical computers, such as discrete optimization, machine learning, or code verification problems. And we heard about a commercial quantum computer, and we heard vendors of quantum key distribution or quantum random number generators promise us security as solid as the laws of physics. Still, most of us are clueless regarding:

    How quantum computers work and why they could solve certain problems faster than classical computers?
    What are the actual facts and what is FUD, hype, or journalistic exaggeration?
    Could quantum computers help in defending classical computers and networks against intrusions?
    Is it worth spending money in post-quantum systems, quantum key distribution, or in purchasing or developing of a quantum computer?
    Will usable quantum computers be built in the foreseeable future?
    This talk gives honest answers to those questions, based on the latest research, on analyses of the researchers' and vendors' claims, and on a cost-benefit-risk analyses. We'll expose the fundamental principles of quantum computing in a way comprehensible by anyone, and we'll skip the technical details that require math and physics knowledge. Yet after this talk you'll best be able to assess the risk of quantum computers, to debunk misleading claims, and to ask the right questions.

    Jean-Philippe (JP) Aumasson is Principal Cryptographer at Kudelski Security, in Switzerland. He is known for designing the cryptographic functions BLAKE, BLAKE2, SipHash, and NORX. He has spoken at conferences such as Black Hat, RSA, and CCC, and initiated the Crypto Coding Standard and the Password Hashing Competition projects. He co-wrote the 2015 book "The Hash Function BLAKE". He is member of the technical advisory board of the Open Crypto Audit Project and of the Underhanded Crypto Contest. JP tweets as @veorq.

    Twitter: @veorq


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